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Goudet C, Ged C, Petit A, Desage C, Mahe P, Salhi A, Harzallah I, Blouin JM, Mercie P, Schmitt C, Poli A, Gouya L, Barlogis V, Richard E. Severe Perinatal Presentations of Günther's Disease: Series of 20 Cases and Perspectives. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:130. [PMID: 38255745 PMCID: PMC10817338 DOI: 10.3390/life14010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP), named Günther's disease, is a rare recessive type of porphyria, resulting from deficient uroporphyrinogen III synthase (UROS), the fourth enzyme of heme biosynthesis. The phenotype ranges from extremely severe perinatal onset, with life-threatening hemolytic anaemia, to mild or moderate cutaneous involvement in late-onset forms. This work reviewed the perinatal CEP cases recorded in France in order to analyse their various presentations and evolution. (2) Methods: Clinical and biological data were retrospectively collected through medical and published records. (3) Results: Twenty CEP cases, who presented with severe manifestations during perinatal period, were classified according to the main course of the disease: antenatal features, acute neonatal distress and postnatal diagnosis. Antenatal symptoms (seven patients) were mainly hydrops fetalis, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, and malformations. Six of them died prematurely. Five babies showed acute neonatal distress, associated with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, liver dysfunction, and marked photosensitivity leading to diagnosis. The only two neonates who survived underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Common features in post-natal diagnosis (eight patients) included hemolytic anemia, splenomegaly, skin sensitivity, and discoloured teeth and urine. All patients underwent HSCT, with success for six of them, but with fatal complications in two patients. The frequency of the missense variant named C73R is striking in antenatal and neonatal presentations, with 9/12 and 7/8 independent alleles, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The most recent cases in this series are remarkable, as they had a less fatal outcome than expected. Regular transfusions from the intrauterine period and early access to HSCT are the main objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Goudet
- Pediatric Haematology Department, Timone Enfant, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), F-13005 Marseille, France; (C.G.); (A.P.); (V.B.)
| | - Cécile Ged
- Department of Biochemistry, Groupe Hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; (C.G.)
- BRIC, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, Inserm UMR1312, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, Institut Imagine, F-75015 Paris, France (A.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Audrey Petit
- Pediatric Haematology Department, Timone Enfant, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), F-13005 Marseille, France; (C.G.); (A.P.); (V.B.)
| | - Chloe Desage
- Neonatology and Pediatric Haematology, CHU de Montpellier, F-34295 Montpellier, France (P.M.)
| | - Perrine Mahe
- Neonatology and Pediatric Haematology, CHU de Montpellier, F-34295 Montpellier, France (P.M.)
| | - Aicha Salhi
- Faculté de Médecine d’Alger, Department of Dermatology, 16010 Alger, Algeria;
| | - Ines Harzallah
- Genetic Department, CHU de Saint-Etienne, F-42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Jean-Marc Blouin
- Department of Biochemistry, Groupe Hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; (C.G.)
- BRIC, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, Inserm UMR1312, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, Institut Imagine, F-75015 Paris, France (A.P.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares Porphyries, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Mercie
- BRIC, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, Inserm UMR1312, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, Institut Imagine, F-75015 Paris, France (A.P.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares Porphyries, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Schmitt
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, Institut Imagine, F-75015 Paris, France (A.P.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm U1149, F-45018 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, F-92400 Colombes, France
| | - Antoine Poli
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, Institut Imagine, F-75015 Paris, France (A.P.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm U1149, F-45018 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, F-92400 Colombes, France
| | - Laurent Gouya
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, Institut Imagine, F-75015 Paris, France (A.P.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm U1149, F-45018 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, F-92400 Colombes, France
| | - Vincent Barlogis
- Pediatric Haematology Department, Timone Enfant, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), F-13005 Marseille, France; (C.G.); (A.P.); (V.B.)
| | - Emmanuel Richard
- Department of Biochemistry, Groupe Hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; (C.G.)
- BRIC, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, Inserm UMR1312, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, Institut Imagine, F-75015 Paris, France (A.P.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares Porphyries, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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Kamalyan M, Mohammadi M. Congenital erythropoietic porphyria five years observation with standard treatment: a case report. Oxf Med Case Reports 2024; 2024:omad151. [PMID: 38292155 PMCID: PMC10823327 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omad151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyrias are a group of diseases characterized by a deficiency of enzymes in the haem biosynthetic pathway. Congenital Erythropoietic porphyria is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder lacking uroporphyrinogen III synthase. This inherited deficiency results in accumulating uroporphyrinogen I and coproporphyrinogen I in the bone marrow, skin, bones, and other tissues, ultimately excreted via urine and faeces. Clinical manifestations include severe photosensitivity on open body parts with blisters, scarring, hypertrichosis, and mutilations. We describe the first case of CEP in Armenia, with a diagnosis performed in Centre Francais Des (LBMR) Porphyries (France, Paris). It concerns a 22-year-old Armenian man suffering from photosensitivity, excessive hair growth, mutilation, and pink urine discolouration. The five years of follow-up have revealed worsening symptomatology despite preventative measures and demonstrate that standard recommendations did not alleviate the patient's deteriorating conditions. A cure with an allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant is under strong consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Kamalyan
- Department of Hematology, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
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