1
|
Bisht A, Dey S, Kulshreshtha R. Integrated meta-analyses of genome-wide effects of PM 2.5 in human cells identifies widespread dysregulation of genes and pathways associated with cancer progression and patient survival. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173448. [PMID: 38797421 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have consistently shown a positive association between exposure to ambient PM2.5, a major component of air pollution, and various types of cancer. Previous biological research has primarily focused on the association between PM2.5 and lung cancer, with limited investigation into other cancer types. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis on multiple PM2.5-treated normal human cell lines to identify potential molecular targets and pathways of PM2.5. Our analysis revealed 310 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that exhibited significant dysregulation upon exposure to PM2.5. These dysregulated genes covered a diverse range of functional categories, including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and immune-related genes, which collectively contribute to PM2.5-induced carcinogenesis. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed the up-regulation of pathways associated with HIF-1, VEGF, and MAPK signalling, all of which have been implicated in various cancers. Induction in the levels of HIF pathway genes (HIF1⍺, HIF2⍺, VEGFA, BNIP3, EPO and PGK1) upon PM2.5 treatment was also confirmed by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, the construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network unveiled hub genes, such as NQO1 and PDGFRB, that are known to be dysregulated and significantly correlated with overall survival in lung and breast cancer patients, suggesting their potential clinical significance. This study provides a deep insight into how PM2.5-mediated dysregulation of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes across various human tissues may play an important role in PM2.5-induced carcinogenesis. Further exploration of these dysregulated molecular targets may enhance our understanding of the biological effects of PM2.5 and facilitate the development of preventive strategies and targeted therapies for PM2.5-associated cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anadi Bisht
- School of Interdisciplinary Research, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India; Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sagnik Dey
- Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India; Centre of Excellence for Research on Clean Air, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abbasi‐Kesbi R, Fathi M, Sajadi SZ. Movement examination of the lumbar spine using a developed wearable motion sensor. Healthc Technol Lett 2023; 10:122-132. [PMID: 38111801 PMCID: PMC10725723 DOI: 10.1049/htl2.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A system for monitoring spinal movements based on wearable motion sensors is proposed here. For this purpose, a hardware system is first developed that measures data of linear acceleration, angular velocity, and the magnetic field of the spine. Then, the obtained data from these sensors are combined in a proposed complementary filter, and their angular variations are estimated. The obtained results of angular variation of this system in comparison with an accurate reference illustrate that the root mean squared error is less than 1.61 degrees for three angles of ϕ r , θ r and ψ r for this system that proves this system can accurately estimate the angular variation of the spine. Then, the system is mounted on the lumbar spine of several volunteers, and the obtained angles from the patients' spine are compared with some healthy volunteers' spine, and the performance of their spine improves over time. The results show that this system can be very effective for patients who suffer from back problems and help in their recovery process a lot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Abbasi‐Kesbi
- MEMS & NEMS Department, Faculty of New Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Fathi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences and TechnologiesIslamic Azad University Science and Research BranchTehranIran
| | - Seyed Zaniyar Sajadi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mertowska P, Mertowski S, Smolak K, Kita G, Guz K, Kita A, Pasiarski M, Smok-Kalwat J, Góźdź S, Grywalska E. Could Immune Checkpoint Disorders and EBV Reactivation Be Connected in the Development of Hematological Malignancies in Immunodeficient Patients? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4786. [PMID: 37835480 PMCID: PMC10572023 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) and secondary immunodeficiencies (SIDs) are characterized by compromised immune function, rendering individuals susceptible to infections and potentially influencing cancer development. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a widespread herpesvirus, has been linked to cancer, particularly in those with weakened immune systems. This study aims to compare selected immune parameters, focusing on immune checkpoint molecules (PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4/CD86, CD200R/CD200), and EBV reactivation in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, a representative of SIDs) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID, a representative of PIDs). We performed a correlation analysis involving patients diagnosed with CLL, CVID, and a healthy control group. EBV reactivation was assessed using specific antibody serology and viral load quantification. Peripheral blood morphology, biochemistry, and immunophenotyping were performed, with emphasis on T and B lymphocytes expressing immune checkpoints and their serum concentrations. Our findings revealed elevated EBV reactivation markers in both CLL and CVID patients compared with healthy controls, indicating increased viral activity in immunodeficient individuals. Furthermore, immune checkpoint expression analysis demonstrated significantly altered percentages of T and B lymphocytes expressing PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4/CD86, and CD200R/CD200 in CLL and CVID patients. This suggests a potential interplay between immune checkpoint dysregulation and EBV reactivation in the context of immunodeficiency. In conclusion, our study underscores the intricate relationship between immune dysfunction, EBV reactivation, and immune checkpoint modulation in the context of immunodeficiency-associated cancers. The altered expression of immune checkpoints, along with heightened EBV reactivation, suggests a potential mechanism for immune evasion and tumor progression. These findings provide insights into the complex interactions that contribute to cancer development in immunocompromised individuals, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets for improved management and treatment outcomes. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to explore potential interventions to mitigate cancer risk in these patient populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Mertowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (K.S.); (G.K.); (K.G.); (A.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (K.S.); (G.K.); (K.G.); (A.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Konrad Smolak
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (K.S.); (G.K.); (K.G.); (A.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Gabriela Kita
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (K.S.); (G.K.); (K.G.); (A.K.); (E.G.)
- Student Research Group of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Guz
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (K.S.); (G.K.); (K.G.); (A.K.); (E.G.)
- Student Research Group of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kita
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (K.S.); (G.K.); (K.G.); (A.K.); (E.G.)
- Student Research Group of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Pasiarski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland;
- Department of Hematology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (J.S.-K.); (S.G.)
| | - Jolanta Smok-Kalwat
- Department of Hematology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (J.S.-K.); (S.G.)
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Department of Hematology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (J.S.-K.); (S.G.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (K.S.); (G.K.); (K.G.); (A.K.); (E.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wei Q, Wang Z, Liu X, Liang H, Chen L. Association between Gastric Cancer and 12 Autoimmune Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1844. [PMID: 37895193 PMCID: PMC10606764 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether the positive associations of gastric cancer (GC) with autoimmune diseases are causal has always been controversial. This study aims to estimate the causal relationship between GC and 12 autoimmune diseases by means of Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS After rigorous evaluation, potential candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for GC and 12 autoimmune diseases were extracted from genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets. We performed the MR analyses using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary approach to the analysis. Three sensitivity analysis methods were added to assess the robustness of the results. In addition, heterogeneity was measured using Cochran's Q-value, and horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using MR-Egger regression and leave-one-out analysis. RESULTS The IVW result, which is the main method of analysis, shows no evidence of a causal association between GC and any autoimmune disease. The results of IVW analysis show the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.1389), systemic lupus erythematosus (p = 0.1122), Crohn's disease (p = 0.1509), multiple sclerosis (p = 0.3944), primary sclerosing cholangitis (p = 0.9022), primary biliary cirrhosis (p = 0.7776), type 1 diabetes (p = 0.9595), ulcerative colitis (p = 0.5470), eczema (p = 0.3378), asthma (p = 0.7436), celiac disease (p = 0.4032), and psoriasis (p = 0.7622) and GC susceptibility. The same result was obtained with the weighted median and the MR-egger (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study did not find a genetic causal relationship between susceptibility to these autoimmune diseases and GC, which suggests that unmeasured confounders (e.g., inflammatory processes) or shared genetic architecture may be responsible for the reported epidemiologic associations. Further studies of ancestral diversity are warranted to validate such causal associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; (Q.W.)
- Department of General Surgery, Jing’an Branch, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200060, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xuanyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; (Q.W.)
| | - Haibin Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; (Q.W.)
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; (Q.W.)
| |
Collapse
|