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Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Lines and Tissues Express mGluR5: A Potential Link to Ophelia Syndrome and Paraneoplastic Neurological Disease. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040606. [PMID: 36831273 PMCID: PMC9953995 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ophelia syndrome is characterized by the coincidence of severe neuropsychiatric symptoms, classical Hodgkin lymphoma, and the presence of antibodies to the metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor (mGluR5). Little is known about the pathogenetic link between these symptoms and the role that anti-mGluR5-antibodies play. We investigated lymphoma tissue from patients with Ophelia syndrome and with isolated classical Hodgkin lymphoma by quantitative immunocytochemistry for mGluR5-expression. Further, we studied the L-1236, L-428, L-540, SUP-HD1, KM-H2, and HDLM-2 classical Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines by FACS and Western blot for mGluR5-expression, and by transcriptome analysis. mGluR5 surface expression differed significantly in terms of receptor density, distribution pattern, and percentage of positive cells. The highest expression levels were found in the L-1236 line. RNA-sequencing revealed more than 800 genes that were higher expressed in the L-1236 line in comparison to the other classical Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines. High mGluR5-expression was associated with upregulation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways and of downstream targets (e.g., EGR1) known to be involved in classical Hodgkin lymphoma progression. Finally, mGluR5 expression was increased in the classical Hodgkin lymphoma-tissue of our Ophelia syndrome patient in contrast to five classical Hodgkin lymphoma-patients without autoimmune encephalitis. Given the association of encephalitis and classical Hodgkin lymphoma in Ophelia syndrome, it is possible that mGluR5-expression in classical Hodgkin lymphoma cells not only drives tumor progression but also triggers anti-mGluR5 encephalitis even before classical Hodgkin lymphoma becomes manifest.
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Trinidad EM, Vidal E, Coronado E, Esteve-Codina A, Castel V, Cañete A, Gut M, Heath S, Font de Mora J. Liquidhope: methylome and genomic profiling from very limited quantities of plasma-derived DNA. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:6972296. [PMID: 36611239 PMCID: PMC9851319 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the methylome of tumor cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA; cfDNA) has emerged as a powerful non-invasive technique for cancer subtyping and prognosis. However, its application is frequently hampered by the quality and total cfDNA yield. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of very low-input cfDNA for whole-methylome and copy-number profiling studies using enzymatic conversion of unmethylated cysteines [enzymatic methyl-seq (EM-seq)] to better preserve DNA integrity. We created a model for predicting genomic subtyping and prognosis with high accuracy. We validated our tool by comparing whole-genome CpG sequencing with in situ cohorts generated with bisulfite conversion and array hybridization, demonstrating that, despite the different techniques and sample origins, information on cfDNA methylation is comparable with in situ cohorts. Our findings support use of liquid biopsy followed by EM-seq to assess methylome of cancer patients, enabling validation in external cohorts. This advance is particularly relevant for rare cancers like neuroblastomas where liquid-biopsy volume is restricted by ethical regulations in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva María Trinidad
- Corresponding author: Eva M. Trinidad, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Clinical and Translational Research in Cancer, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 106; Torre A, 5-0746026 Valencia, Spain. Tel.: +34-961246646; ; Fax: +34-963496620; E-mail:
| | - Enrique Vidal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain,Clinical and Translational Research in Cancer, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Esther Coronado
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain,Clinical and Translational Research in Cancer, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Victoria Castel
- Clinical and Translational Research in Cancer, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08002, Spain
| | - Adela Cañete
- Clinical and Translational Research in Cancer, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08002, Spain,Pediatric Oncology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), , Barcelona , Spain
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Li C, Chai X, Pan J, Huang J, Wu Y, Xue Y, Zhou W, Yang J, Zhu X, Zhao S. β-Hydroxybutyrate Alleviates Low Glucose-Induced Apoptosis via Modulation of ROS-Mediated p38 MAPK Signaling. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:923-938. [PMID: 35129799 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-01974-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hypoglycemia has emerged as a prominent complication in anti-diabetic drug therapy or negative energy balance of animals, which causes brain damage, cognitive impairment, and even death. Brain injury induced by hypoglycemia is closely related to oxidative stress and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The intracellular accumulation of ROS leads to neuronal damage, even death. Ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) not only serves as alternative energy source for glucose in extrahepatic tissues, but is also involved in cellular signaling transduction. Previous studies showed that BHBA reduces apoptosis by inhibiting the excessive production of ROS and activation of caspase-3. However, the effects of BHBA on apoptosis induced by glucose deprivation and its related molecular mechanisms have been seldom reported. In the present study, PC12 cells and primary cortical neurons were used to establish a low glucose injury model. The effects of BHBA on the survival and apoptosis in a glucose deficient condition and related molecular mechanisms were investigated by using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. PC12 cells were incubated with 1 mM glucose for 24 h as a low glucose cell model, in which ROS accumulation and cell mortality were significantly increased. After 24 h and 48 h treatment with different concentrations of BHBA (0 mM, 0.05 mM, 0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM), ROS production was significantly inhibited. Moreover, cell apoptosis rate was decreased and survival rate was significantly increased in 1 mM and 2 mM BHBA groups. In primary cortical neurons, at 24 h after treatment with 2 mM BHBA, the injured length and branch of neurites were significantly improved. Meanwhile, the intracellular ROS level, the proportion of c-Fos+ cells, apoptosis rate, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB protein after treatment with BHBA were significantly decreased when compared with that in low glucose cells. Importantly, the expression of p38, p-p38, NF-κB, and caspase-3 were significantly decreased, while the expression of p-ERK was significantly increased in both PC12 cells and primary cortical neurons. Our results demonstrate that BHBA decreased the accumulation of intracellular ROS, and further inhibited cell apoptosis by mediating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and caspase-3 apoptosis cascade during glucose deprivation. In addition, BHBA inhibited apoptosis by activating ERK phosphorylation and alleviated the damage of low glucose to PC12 cells and primary cortical neurons. These results provide new insight into the anti-apoptotic effect of BHBA in a glucose deficient condition and the related signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cixia Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Chai
- College of Basic Medicine, Xi'An Medical University, Xi'An, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarong Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongji Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentai Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiping Yang
- College of Basic Medicine, Xi'An Medical University, Xi'An, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shanting Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
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