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Gangopadhyay D, Ray M, Sinha S. Comparison of amino acid profiles and vitamin contents of male and female prepupae and pupae of eri silkworm, Samia ricini. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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2
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Debnath B, Manna K. Formulating anti-diabetic nutraceutical tablets based on edible plants from Tripura, India. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2022-2-532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are food-based drugs that are used as dietary supplements to minimize chronic diseases. Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases all over the world. Recently, herbal nutraceuticals have taken a promising role in treating diabetes.
We aimed to develop herbal nutraceutical tablets and evaluate its anti-diabetic activity using ob/ob mice. Five plant species were collected by field survey methods based on oral interviews with traditional healers of Tripura. The wet granulation method was applied to formulate the herbal nutraceutical tablet. Water- and fat-soluble vitamins were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Trace elements were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. To evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of the herbal tablets, we determined serum hemoglobin, glycosylated serum protein, and oral glucose tolerance.
The newly formulated herbal nutraceutical tablets provided the optimal energy level. It contained sufficient amounts of essential minerals, such as iron (74.6 ± 2.7 mg/g), sodium (4.4 ± 0.4 mg/g), potassium (5.3 ± 0.7 mg/g), calcium (163.1 ± 2.2 mg/g), magnesium (39.2 ± 1.7 mg/g), and phosphorus (14.6 ± 2.1 mg/g). We also found optimal quantities of water-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin C (27.2 ± 4.3 mg/g), vitamin B1 (0.6 ± 0 mg/g), vitamin B3 (0.6 ± 0.2 mg/g), vitamin B6 (1.1 ± 0.2 mg/g), vitamin B12 (0.6 ± 0.2 mcg/g), and folic acid (82.6 ± 7.6 mcg/g), as well as fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin A (287.4 ± 6.3 mcg/g), vitamin D3 (2.6 ± 0.6 mcg/g), and vitamin E (0.7 ± 0 ng/g). Finally, the herbal nutraceutical tablet (200 mg/kg) significantly improved the anti-hyperglycemic effect on ob/ob mice (type 2 diabetes), compared to the standard drug, metformin (200 mg/kg).
The results suggest that the newly formulated herbal tablet may be recommended as an anti-diabetic nutraceutical drug.
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Development of an analytical method for the quantitative determination of multi-class nutrients in different food matrices by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using design of experiments. Food Chem 2020; 341:128173. [PMID: 33045585 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A simple and rapid analytical method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with the aid of design of experiments (DOE) approach was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of multi-class nutrients (water- and fat-soluble vitamins and flavonoids) in various food matrices (vegetables, fruits, and cereals). The factors affecting the SPE method were optimized using DOE tools. The separation was achieved in 13 min using the C18 column by gradient LC programme. The SPE-LC-MS/MS method was validated in terms of limit of detection (1.29-29.17 ng/g), linearity range (25-1000 ng/g), coefficient of determination (0.993-0.999) and recovery (72.53-104.24%) for multi-class nutrients in different food samples. Inter- and intra-day precision were evaluated and found to be within acceptable range. The developed method finds extensive application in the routine analysis of multi-class nutrients in various food matrices.
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High-efficient of graphene nanocomposite: Application to rapidly simultaneous identification and quantitation of fat-soluble vitamins in different matric samples. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Simple and sensitive determination of vitamin A and E in the milk and egg yolk samples by using dispersive solid phase extraction with newly synthesized polymeric material. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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6
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Xuan R, Wang T, Hou C, Li X, Li Y, Chen Y, Gao Y, Qiu D, Xiao X, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Determination of vitamin A in blood serum based on solid‐phase extraction using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide‐modified attapulgite. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:3521-3527. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Xuan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Fenghua InstituteNingbo University of Technology Ningbo P. R. China
- School of Materials and Chemical EngineeringNingbo University of Technology Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryNational Chromatographic Research and Analysis CenterDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian P. R. China
| | - Xie Li
- School of Materials and Chemical EngineeringNingbo University of Technology Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Materials and Chemical EngineeringNingbo University of Technology Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Ningbo Entry‐Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Technical Center Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Yajie Gao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Dan Qiu
- Fenghua InstituteNingbo University of Technology Ningbo P. R. China
- School of Materials and Chemical EngineeringNingbo University of Technology Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Xunwen Xiao
- School of Materials and Chemical EngineeringNingbo University of Technology Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryNational Chromatographic Research and Analysis CenterDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian P. R. China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryNational Chromatographic Research and Analysis CenterDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian P. R. China
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Walia N, Chen L. Pea protein based vitamin D nanoemulsions: Fabrication, stability and in vitro study using Caco-2 cells. Food Chem 2019; 305:125475. [PMID: 31518841 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pea protein-stabilized nanoemulsions were prepared to encapsulate vitamin D with the aim to develop novel non-dairy functional foods for vitamin D fortifications. Homogenization conditions of 20 kpsi and two homogenization cycles were identified as optimal conditions for producing stable nanoemulsions. The nanoemulsions exhibited controllable sizes (170-350 nm), good stability with zeta-potential of -25 mV, and high vitamin encapsulation efficiency (94-96%). Cellular uptake efficiency of small sized nanoemulsions (233 nm) was ~2.5 times higher than large sized nanoemulsions (350 nm). Interestingly, protein-based nanoemulsions exhibited significantly higher cellular uptake than emulsions prepared using a combination of protein and lecithin. The vitamin D transport efficiency across Caco-2 cells for small sized nanoemulsions (233 nm) was ~5.3 times greater than free vitamin D suspension. This research demonstrated that pea protein can be used as an effective emulsifier for preparing food nanoemulsions, which may enhance vitamin D bioavailability and improve vitamin deficiency status in aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Walia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Lingyun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
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Cortés-Herrera C, Artavia G, Leiva A, Granados-Chinchilla F. Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Common Nutritional Components, in Feed and Food. Foods 2018; 8:E1. [PMID: 30577557 PMCID: PMC6352167 DOI: 10.3390/foods8010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Food and feed laboratories share several similarities when facing the implementation of liquid-chromatographic analysis. Using the experience acquired over the years, through application chemistry in food and feed research, selected analytes of relevance for both areas were discussed. This review focused on the common obstacles and peculiarities that each analyte offers (during the sample treatment or the chromatographic separation) throughout the implementation of said methods. A brief description of the techniques which we considered to be more pertinent, commonly used to assay such analytes is provided, including approaches using commonly available detectors (especially in starter labs) as well as mass detection. This manuscript consists of three sections: feed analysis (as the start of the food chain); food destined for human consumption determinations (the end of the food chain); and finally, assays shared by either matrices or laboratories. Analytes discussed consist of both those considered undesirable substances, contaminants, additives, and those related to nutritional quality. Our review is comprised of the examination of polyphenols, capsaicinoids, theobromine and caffeine, cholesterol, mycotoxins, antibiotics, amino acids, triphenylmethane dyes, nitrates/nitrites, ethanol soluble carbohydrates/sugars, organic acids, carotenoids, hydro and liposoluble vitamins. All analytes are currently assayed in our laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cortés-Herrera
- Centro Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (CITA), Universidad de Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Graciela Artavia
- Centro Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (CITA), Universidad de Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Astrid Leiva
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Animal, Universidad de Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Fabio Granados-Chinchilla
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Animal, Universidad de Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
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Žabčíková S, Mikysek T, Červenka L, Sýs M. Electrochemical Study and Determination of All- trans-Retinol at Carbon Paste Electrode Modified by a Surfactant. Food Technol Biotechnol 2018; 56:337-343. [PMID: 30510477 PMCID: PMC6233017 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.56.03.18.5618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidation mechanism of all-trans-retinol (vitamin A1) and its several esters in non-aqueous, aqueous organic mixture, and pure aqueous media was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The oxidation occurred in several irreversible steps. The calculated highest density of electrons in retinoid molecules which are delocalized over carbon atoms of the five conjugated double bonds (C5-C14) was found in the part of the molecule involved in oxidation processes. The most sensitive oxidation peak (at +0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl) was used for development of new direct voltammetric method based on differential pulse voltammetry for the determination of retinol at carbon paste electrode modified with surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (CPE/SDS). The results show that 30% (by mass) of modifier SDS exhibited optimal sensitivity and shape of voltammograms. Compared to commonly used glassy carbon electrode (GCE), the CPE/SDS showed significant progress in the retinol electroanalysis. The linear ranges for retinol determination were 1.5·10−6–1.8·10−4 M for CPE/SDS and 4.4·10−6–7.0·10−4 M for GCE with the detection limits of 1.3·10−6 and 4.6·10−7 M, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Žabčíková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Mikysek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Červenka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Sýs
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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10
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Recent trends in determination of thiamine and its derivatives in clinical practice. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1510:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Sámano R, Martínez-Rojano H, Hernández RM, Ramírez C, Flores Quijano ME, Espíndola-Polis JM, Veruete D. Retinol and α-Tocopherol in the Breast Milk of Women after a High-Risk Pregnancy. Nutrients 2017; 9:E14. [PMID: 28045436 PMCID: PMC5295058 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is scant information about whether, after a high-risk pregnancy, breast milk provides enough vitamins for assuring satisfactory bodily reserves in newborns. OBJECTIVE To comparatively evaluate, in women with high-risk and normal pregnancy, the concentration of retinol and α-tocopherol in breast milk. METHODS This cross-sectional, analytical study was evaluated with reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Informed consent was signed by 95 mothers with a high-risk pregnancy and 32 mothers with a normal pregnancy. From the mothers with a high-risk pregnancy were obtained: 23 samples of colostrum, 24 of transitional milk, and 48 of mature milk. From the normal pregnancy group, 32 mature milk samples were collected. Pregestational Body Mass Index (BMI) and the gestational weight gain were noted. Models of logistic regression were constructed to identify the variables related to a low concentration of either retinol or α-tocopherol in breast milk. RESULTS The concentration of retinol and α-tocopherol in mature milk was 60 (interquartile range (IQR), 41-90) and 276 (103-450) μg/dL, respectively, for the high-risk pregnancy group, and 76 (65-91) and 673 (454-866) µg/dL, respectively, for the normal pregnancy group (p = 0.001). The concentration of retinol and α-tocopherol was similar in the subgroups of mothers with different disorders during gestation. A clear correlation was found between a greater pregestational weight and a lower concentration of retinol (Rho = -0.280, p = 0.006), and between α-tocopherol and retinol in all cases (Rho = 0.463, p = 0.001). Among women having a high-risk pregnancy, those delivering prematurely rather than carrying their pregnancy to term had a reduced concentration of retinol (54 (37-78) vs. 70 (49-106) µg/dL; p = 0.002) and a tendency to a lower concentration of α-tocopherol in breast milk (185 (75-410) vs. 339 (160-500) µg/dL; p = 0.053). Compared to mothers with a normal pregnancy, those with a high-risk pregnancy (whether carried to term or ending in preterm delivery) exhibited a reduced concentration of retinol in mature milk (p = 0.003), as well as a tendency to a lower concentration of α-tocopherol (p = 0.054). CONCLUSION Even though the women in the high-risk pregnancy group showed a deficiency of vitamins A and E in their breast milk, the unique biological benefits of this milk justify the promotion of breast feeding as the optimal method of nourishing neonates and infants. In these cases, it should be recommended that the woman increase her consumption of certain nutrients during pregnancy. Additionally, after childbirth mothers should consider the use of supplements to produce milk of adequate quality and thus meet the needs of the baby and prevent any deficiency in micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyna Sámano
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Ciudad de México CP. 11000, Mexico.
| | - Hugo Martínez-Rojano
- Departamento de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Colonia Casco de Santo Tomas, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México CP. 11340, Mexico.
- Coordinación de Medicina Laboral, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud Francisco de P. Miranda 177, Lomas de Plateros, Ciudad de México CP. 01480, Mexico.
| | - Rosa M Hernández
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Ciudad de México CP. 11000, Mexico.
| | - Cristina Ramírez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Ciudad de México CP. 11000, Mexico.
| | - María E Flores Quijano
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Ciudad de México CP. 11000, Mexico.
| | - José M Espíndola-Polis
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad del Altiplano, Mirasol 1, Tlacomulco, Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl CP. 90102, Mexico.
| | - Daniela Veruete
- Universidad del Valle de México, campus Chapultepec Av. Constituyentes No. 151, Miguel Hidalgo, San Miguel Chapultepec I Secc, Ciudad de México CP. 11850, Mexico.
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Braithwaite MC, Choonara YE, Kumar P, Tomar LK, Du Toit LC, Pillay V. A novel bile salts-lipase polymeric film-infused minitablet system for enhanced oral delivery of cholecalciferol. Pharm Dev Technol 2015; 21:832-846. [PMID: 26333524 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2015.1069329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Few researchers have investigated the use of multiple physiological enhancers combined with synthetic carriers to augment delivery of nutraceuticals. The current work describes the development of an oral delivery system termed a bioactive association platform (BAP) capable of delivering nutraceutical actives from a formulation framework specifically for enhancing the in vitro and in vivo performance of model vitamin, cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3). Synthesis of a novel triple vitamin minitablet and an optimized bile salt/lipase alginate-glycerin film provided unique oral components for inclusion in a BAP capsule. Component validation and physicochemical characterizations included comparative ex vivo permeability, chemical structure mapping, thermodynamic analysis and magnetic resonance imaging. In vitro dissolution studies of the BAP produced an area under the dissolution curve (AUC) for cholecalciferol release that was 28% greater than a conventional comparator product. A total of 84.01% of cholecalciferol was released from the BAP within 3 h versus only 59% from a comparator. Ex vivo permeation studies revealed superior cholecalciferol membrane diffusion from the triple vitamin minitablet BAP component. In vivo performance showed a greater mean change from baseline cholecalciferol to peak plasma levels (Cmax) from the BAP compared to the comparator (55.66 versus 46.05 ng/mL). Cholecalciferol bioavailability was improved in vivo with an AUC0-inf from the BAP that was 3.2× greater than the conventional product. The BAP was also superior at improving and maintaining serum levels of the main metabolite, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, compared to the conventional system. In vitro and in vivo results thus confirmed improvements in cholecalciferol dissolution, membrane permeability and plasma drug levels. The study results position the BAP as an ideal oral vehicle for enhanced delivery of cholecalciferol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles C Braithwaite
- a Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , Parktown , South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- a Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , Parktown , South Africa
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- a Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , Parktown , South Africa
| | - Lomas K Tomar
- a Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , Parktown , South Africa
| | - Lisa C Du Toit
- a Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , Parktown , South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- a Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , Parktown , South Africa
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Olędzka I, Kowalski P, Bałuch A, Bączek T, Paradziej-Łukowicz J, Taciak M, Pastuszewska B. Quantification of the level of fat-soluble vitamins in feed based on the novel microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) method. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:544-551. [PMID: 23801189 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simultaneous quantification of liposoluble vitamins is not a new area of interest, since these compounds co-determine the nutritional quality of food and feed, a field widely explored in the human and animal diet. However, the development of appropriate methods is still a matter of concern, especially when the vitamin composition is highly complex, as is the case with feed designated for laboratory animals, representing a higher health and microbiological status. RESULTS A method combining microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) with liquid-liquid extraction was developed for the determination of four fat-soluble vitamins in animal feed. A separation medium consisting of 25 mmol L⁻¹ phosphate buffer (pH 2.5), 2-propanol, 1-butanol, sodium dodecyl sulfate and octane allowed the simultaneous determination of vitamins A, D, E and K within a reasonable time of 25 min. The polarity of the separation voltage was reversed in view of the strongly suppressed electro-osmotic flow, and the applied voltage was set at 12 kV. The fat-soluble vitamins were separated in the order of decreasing hydrophobicity. CONCLUSION It was proved that the proposed MEEKC method was sufficiently specific and sensitive for screening fat-soluble vitamins in animal feed samples after their sterilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Olędzka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk Ul., Gen. J. Hallera 107, PL-80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
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Abstract
This chapter includes the aspects of Menadione (vitamin K). The drug is synthesized by the use of itaconic acid obtained through Friedel-Craft condensation or by direct oxidation of the 2-methyl-1,4-naphthquinone. Vitamin K generally maintains healthy blood clotting and prevents excessive bleeding and hemorrhage, it is also important for maintaining healthy bone structure and for carbohydrate storage in the body. In addition, it is given to newborn babies born in hospitals to prevent the development of life-threatening bleeding caused by low prothrombin levels. The chapter discusses the drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics and presents various method of analysis of this drug such as compendial tests, electrochemical analysis, spectroscopic analysis, and chromatographic techniques of separation. It also discusses its physical properties such as solubility characteristics, X-ray powder diffraction pattern, and thermal methods of analysis. The chapter is concluded with a discussion on its biological properties such as activity, toxicity, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada S Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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San Andrés MP, Otero J, Vera S. High performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of α-, γ- and δ-tocopherol in vegetable oils in presence of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide/n-propanol in mobile phase. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.11.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Olariu RI, Vione D, Grinberg N, Arsene C. SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR TRACE ANALYSIS BY CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2010.484371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romeo-Iulian Olariu
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iasi , Iasi , Romania
| | - Davide Vione
- b Dipartimento di Chimica Analitica , Università di Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Nelu Grinberg
- c Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc. , Ridgefield , Connecticut , USA
| | - Cecilia Arsene
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iasi , Iasi , Romania
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Simultaneous microemulsion liquid chromatographic analysis of fat-soluble vitamins in pharmaceutical formulations: Optimization using genetic algorithm. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3770-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 04/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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