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Zhou G, Xie RF, Li SN, Chen SX, Feng YM, Xiang N, Tan ZY, Zhou X. Synergic effects and possible mechanism of emodin and stilbene glycosides on colorectal cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155821. [PMID: 39004030 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonum multiflorum (PM) is a core herb that enhances immunity. It can also detoxify, reduce swelling, and intercept malaria. Its main components, emodin (EMD) and 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxy stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (stilbene glycoside, TSG), have good anti-cancer potential. PURPOSE The study aims to investigate synergic effects of EMD and TSG on CRC and its possible mechanism. METHODS Network pharmacology and bioinformatics were used to identify targets. HPLC was used to analyze the effective ingredients in PM and to determine the content of the main ingredients. HT-29 cells were used for in vitro experiments. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and scratch test were used to detect the effects of various chemical components of PM on the proliferation and migration of HT-29 cells, and Western Bolt (WB) test was used to evaluate the effects of EMD and TSG on P53 pathway. In vivo experiments, the effects of EMD and TSG were evaluated by measuring tumor weight and tumor volume in CRC mice model and histological analysis were carried out with HE staining. The expressions of HSP90, P53, COX2, and ROS were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β and IFN-γ were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). WB and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the expression of P53 related proteins. RESULTS Network pharmacology showed PM closely related to colorectal cancer pathway and the core targets included STAT3 and P53; bioinformatics indicated P53 played an important role in the development and prognosis of CRC; chemical analysis showed identified and quantified gallic acid (GA), cis-TSG, trans-TSG, Emodin glucoside(EMDG), physcion glucoside (PHYG), EMD in PM; EMD induced apoptosis and TSG inhibited migration of HT-29 cells; EMD and TSG could coordinately shrink tumor size of CRC mice, elevate expressions of F4/80, decrease the content of IL-6 and TGF-β, promote tumor oxidized and reduce expression of P53 and STAT3 in the tumor. CONCLUSIONS In vitro experiments showed that TSG inhibited cancer cell migration and EMD induced apoptosis. EMD and TSG had synergic effects on CRC, whose possible mechanism might be to regulate the expression of cytokines and inhibit P53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rui-Fang Xie
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shan-Ni Li
- Shanghai Nanyang Model Private High School, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Xiu Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Ming Feng
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ze-Ye Tan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Long X, Guo S, Gu J, Zhang L, Liu H, Fan Y, Wen W. Chemical Fingerprint Analysis and Content Determination of Horned Gallnut and Bellied Gallnut in Galla Chinensis. Int J Anal Chem 2023; 2023:8849341. [PMID: 38188368 PMCID: PMC10771921 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8849341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
To establish an objective and comprehensive methodology to analyse the connections and differences between horned gallnut (HG) and bellied gallnut (BG) in Galla Chinensis (GC). The HPLC fingerprints from 15 batches of HG and 15 batches of BG were performed, and chemometric analysis including similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) was also set up. The results showed that the similarity of all batch samples was more than 0.9. In fingerprint analysis, 8 distinct common peaks were detected, among which gallic acid (GA), 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (TGG), and 1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-D-glucose (PGG) were identified by comparing with the standard compounds. Meanwhile, samples were clearly grouped into two classifications corresponding to HG and BG. This study demonstrated that HPLC fingerprints coupled with chemometric analysis could be applied to discriminate HG and BG and evaluate the qualities of HG and BG rapidly, which provided a certain experimental basis for the selection of GC raw materials and subsequent use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Long
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianxing Gu
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Haipeng Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650041, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Fan
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Weibo Wen
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
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Zhang C, Xiang H, Wang J, Shao G, Ding P, Gao Y, Xu H, Ji G, Wu T. Exploring the mechanism of Jianpi Huatan recipe in protecting hepatocellular carcinoma based on network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116676. [PMID: 37279814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jianpi Huatan Recipe (JPHTR) is an effective prescription for delaying progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) provided by Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of traditional Chinese Medicine, and it is consisted of nine traditional Chinese drugs, but the protective mechanism of JPHTR against HCC progression is unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To study the mechanism of JPHTR preventing the progression of HCC based on the network pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical component and potential gene targets of JPHTR and the important gene targets of HCC were obtained by retrieving traditional Chinese medicine network pharmacology analysis system (TCMNPAS) database. The data obtained from the database are used to construct the drugs-chemical component-targets network and protein-protein interaction network by using Cytoscape software and STRING database. The potential targets of JPHTR and HCC targets were imported into TCMNPAS-related modules in order to obtain the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment pathways. Finally, we used HCC rat model to verify the vital signaling pathways predicted by network pharmacology. RESULTS A total of 197 potential compounds and 721 potential targets of JPHTR and 611 important gene targets of HCC were obtained. Through the experiment in vivo, it was found that JPHTR can reduce the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, reduce the lipid droplets and inflammatory injury of liver tissue, and reduce the mRNA expression of Interleukin-6 (Il-6), Janus tyrosine Kinase2 (Jak2) and Forkhead box O3 (Foxo3) in FOXO pathway in the liver, thus delaying the development of HCC. CONCLUSION Through network pharmacology and rat experiments, it is preliminarily confirmed that JPHTR may delay the progression of HCC by regulating the expression of Il-6/Jak2/Foxo3 in FOXO signal pathway, which is expected to be a new therapeutic target for the protection of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongjiao Xiang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gaoxuan Shao
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peilun Ding
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hanchen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Long XM, Li R, Liu HP, Xia ZX, Guo S, Gu JX, Zhang LJ, Fan Y, Chen ZK. Chemical fingerprint analysis and quality assessment of Tibetan medicine Triphala from different origins by high-performance liquid chromatography. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2023. [PMID: 37130825 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the Tibetan medicine Triphala (THL) is widely used in many countries, insufficient progress has been made in quality control. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to propose a methodology for quality control of THL based on HPLC fingerprinting combined with an orthogonal array design. METHODS Seven identified peaks were used as indicators to examine the effects of temperature, extraction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the dissolution of active ingredients in THL. Fingerprint analysis was performed on 20 batches of THL from four geographical areas (China, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam). For further chemometric assessment, analysis techniques including similarity analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to classify the 20 batches of samples. RESULTS Fingerprints were established and 19 common peaks were identified. The similarity of 20 batches of THL was more than 0.9 and the batches were divided into two clusters. Four differential components of THL were identified based on OPLS-DA, including chebulinic acid, chebulagic acid, and corilagin. The optimal extraction conditions were an extraction time of 30 min, a temperature of 90°C, and a solid-liquid ratio of 30 mL/g. CONCLUSION HPLC fingerprinting combined with an orthogonal array design could be used for comprehensive evaluation and quality assessment of THL, providing a theoretical basis for further development and utilization of THL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Long
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Rong Li
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Hai-Peng Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650041, China
| | - Zong-Xiao Xia
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jian-Xing Gu
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan Fan
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650041, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650021, China
| | - Zu-Kun Chen
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650041, China
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Proposing Two Local Modeling Approaches for Discriminating PGI Sunite Lamb from Other Origins Using Stable Isotopes and Machine Learning. Foods 2022; 11:foods11060846. [PMID: 35327268 PMCID: PMC8954832 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For the protection of Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) Sunite lamb, PGI Sunite lamb samples and lamb samples from two other banners in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region were distinguished by stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N, δ2H, and δ18O) and two local modeling approaches. In terms of the main characteristics and predictive performance, local modeling was better than global modeling. The accuracies of five local models (LDA, RF, SVM, BPNN, and KNN) obtained by the Adaptive Kennard–Stone algorithm were 91.30%, 95.65%, 91.30%, 100%, and 91.30%, respectively. The accuracies of the five local models obtained by an approach of PCA–Full distance based on DD–SIMCA were 91.30%, 91.30%, 91.30%, 100%, and 95.65%, respectively. The accuracies of the five global models were 91.30%, 91.30%, 91.30%, 100%, and 91.30%, respectively. Stable isotope ratio analysis combined with local modeling can be used as an effective indicator for protecting PGI Sunite lamb.
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