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Kumari Rayala VVSP, Kandula JS, P R. Advances and challenges in the pharmacokinetics and bioanalysis of chiral drugs. Chirality 2022; 34:1298-1310. [PMID: 35883279 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective analytical approaches are essential for monitoring pharmacokinetics and acquiring accurate data to better understand the role of stereochemistry in pharmacokinetics. Enantioselectivity significantly impacts the pharmacokinetics of chiral drugs, especially in metabolic profile, leading to toxicity of enantiomer. Consequently, there is a need to study the pharmacokinetics of enantiomerically pure drugs and racemates as they differ in affinity with enzymes and proteins. Combining the best enantioseparation conditions with the specified biological matrix and the intended purpose of the analysis is a challenging task. This review discusses the importance of chirality in stereoselective pharmacokinetics with more relevant examples, various enantioselective analytical techniques, and stationary phases employed. Challenges such as lack of universal chiral columns, biological inversion of the isomers, and others have been discussed. Further presented the recent advances in the screening of chiral drugs and innovative improvements in the analytical approaches for chiral molecule analysis such as supercritical fluid chromatography, simulated moving bed chromatography, and other techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V S Prasanna Kumari Rayala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Jony Susanna Kandula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Radhakrishnanand P
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
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Ali I, Raja R, Dilshad Alam S, Jain AK, Yusuf K, Aljuwayid AM, Sillanpää M. Rapid chiral separation of potential antibiotics using supercritical fluid chromatography. Chirality 2022; 34:1383-1388. [PMID: 35735121 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
WHO is searching most active antibiotics due to the bacterial resistance problem. The activities of the racemic antibiotics may be augment by preparing optically active antibiotics by the chiral separation. Chiral separation of potential antibiotics such as cefotaxime and ofloxacin was studied using amylose-based packing chiral stationary phases (CSPs) such as Chiralpak IA and Chiralpak IG. Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) was employed to carry out this study. Both immobilized CSPs such as Chiralpak IA and IG have sown remarkable selectivity for the reported drugs by using SFC. The values of retention factor (k) for ofloxacin enantiomers were 9.63 and 11.81, followed by 2.94 and 5.96 for cefotaxime enantiomers. The values of separation factor (α) for both the reported drugs were 1.22 and 2.03, respectively Similarly, the values of resolution factor (Rs) for both the enantio-selective drugs were 1.49 and 2.06, separately and respectively. The chiral recognition mechanism was developed and it was observed that the π-π interactions are playing a major role. The developed method is effective, reproducible, eco-friendly, and may be used to discriminate the enantiomers of the reported drugs in any sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupak Raja
- Chemistry Department, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | | | - Arvind Kumar Jain
- Chemistry Department, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Kareem Yusuf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Muteb Aljuwayid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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3
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Retarded transport properties of graphene oxide based chiral separation membranes modified with dipeptide. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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4
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Ma Q, Li M, Gong H, Zhang Y, Cui Y. Enantioseparation of β-receptor blockers and the enantioselective degradation of carvedilol in soil. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 217:114859. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Choppari T, Gunnam S, Chennuru LN, Boddala CSR, Murthy CP, Kumar Talluri MVN. Enantioselective Separation of Antiretroviral Drug Combinations on Immobilized Polysaccharide CSPs Under Subcritical Conditions Using Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Apparatus. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Zhang Y, Tan X, Wu H, Yang J. Rapid detection of chiral drug ephedrine using erythrosin B for the resonance Rayleigh scattering probe. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 36:425-430. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Zhang
- Chongqing Three Gorges University Wanzhou Chongqing China
| | - Xuanping Tan
- Chongqing Three Gorges University Wanzhou Chongqing China
| | - Huan Wu
- Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College Wanzhou Chongqing China
| | - Jidong Yang
- Chongqing Three Gorges University Wanzhou Chongqing China
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Abstract
Background::
Nano level chiral separation is necessary and demanding in the development
of the drug, genomic, proteomic, and other chemical and the environmental sciences. Few drugs exist
in human body cells for some days at nano level concentrations, that are out of the jurisdiction of the
detection by standard separation techniques. Likewise, the separation and identification of xenobiotics
and other environmental contaminants (at nano or low levels) are necessary for our healthiness.
Discussion:
Conclusion:
This article will be beneficial for chiral chromatographers, academicians, pharmaceutical
industries, environmental researchers and Government regulation authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Arsh Basheer
- State University of New York, Flint Entrance, Amherst, NY 14260, Buffalo, United States
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of General Studies, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marcus T. Scotti
- Cheminformatics Laboratory - Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Synthetic Bioactive, Federal University of Paraiba-Campus I, 58051-970, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Teaching and Research Management - University Hospital, Cheminformatics Laboratory - Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Synthetic Bioactive, Federal University of Paraiba-Campus I, 58051-970, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medina Al-Munawara - 41477, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Zaid MEA, Belboukhari N, Sekkoum K, Ramos JCM, Aboul-Enein HY. Analysis of different factors affecting a liquid chromatographic chiral separation of some imino-hesperetin compounds. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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11
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Zhao P, Li S, Chen X, Guo X, Zhao L. Simultaneous enantiomeric analysis of six chiral pesticides in functional foods using magnetic solid-phase extraction based on carbon nanospheres as adsorbent and chiral liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 175:112784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Jin Y, Lv H, Gong X, Sun W, Zhao S, Wang X, Luo M, Yan J, Tong S. Enantioseparation of three isomeric α-(chlorophenyl)propanoic acid by countercurrent chromatography and investigation of chlorine substituent through characterization of inclusion interaction. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1604:460471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Zhao Y, Li S, Wang X, Yu J, Song Y, Guo X. Enantioseparation and molecular modeling study of five β‐adrenergic blockers on
C
hiralpak
IC
column. Chirality 2019; 31:502-512. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Yongbo Song
- Department Life Science and Bio‐pharmaceuticsInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
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14
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Luo X, Fang C, Mi J, Xu J, Lin H. Enantiomeric resolution, thermodynamic parameters, and modeling of clausenamidone and neoclausenamidone on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2019; 31:423-433. [PMID: 31017738 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to describe a new synthesis route to obtain synthetic optically active clausenamidone and neoclausenamidone and then use high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine the optical purities of these isomers. In the process, we investigated the different chromatographic conditions so as to provide the best separation method. At the same time, a thermodynamic study and molecular simulations were also carried out to validate the experimental results; a brief probe into the separation mechanism was also performed. Two chiral stationary phases (CSPs) were compared with separate the enantiomers. Elution was conducted in the organic mode with n-hexane and iso-propanol (IPA) (80/20 v/v) as the mobile phases; the enantiomeric excess (ee) values of the synthetic R-clausenamidone and S-clausenamidone and R-neoclausenamidone and S- neoclausenamidone were higher than 99.9%, and the enantiomeric ratio (er) values of these isomers were 100:0. Enantioselectivity and resolution (α and Rs, respectively) levels with values ranging from 1.03 to 1.99 and from 1.54 to 17.51, respectively, were achieved. The limits of detection and quantitation were 3.6 to 12.0 and 12.0 to 40.0 ug/mL, respectively. In addition, the thermodynamics study showed that the result of the mechanism of chiral separation was enthalpically controlled at a temperature ranging from 288.15 to 308.15 K. Furthermore, docking modeling showed that the hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions were the major forces for chiral separation. The present chiral HPLC method will be used for the enantiomeric resolution of the clausenamidone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuna Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengqiao Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junru Mi
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzi Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hansen Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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15
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Cui X, Ni C, Liang C, Gong F, Wang R, Chen G, Zhang Y. Screening and quantitation of forty-six drugs of abuse and toxic compounds in human whole blood by capillary electrophoresis: Application to forensic cases. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Ali I, Khattab RA, Alothman ZA, Badjah AY, Alwarthan A. Enantiomeric resolution and modeling of DL-alanine-DL-tryptophan dipeptide on amylose stationary phase. Chirality 2018; 30:491-497. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences; Taibah University; Medina Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia; New Delhi India
| | - Raffat A. Khattab
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences; Taibah University; Medina Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid A. Alothman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Yacine Badjah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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17
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Kraimi A, Belboukhari N, Sekkoum K, Cheriti A, Aboul-Enein HY. Liquid Chromatographic Chiral Separation of Acenocoumarol and Its Hemiketal Form. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 55:989-991. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Ali I, Suhail M, Alothman ZA, Alwarthan A. Chiral separation and modeling of baclofen, bupropion, and etodolac profens on amylose reversed phase chiral column. Chirality 2017; 29:386-397. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University); New Delhi India
| | - Mohd. Suhail
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University); New Delhi India
| | - Zeid A. Alothman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwarthan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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19
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Ma M, Wei Q, Meng M, Yin J, Shan Y, Du L, Zhu X, Soh SF, Min M, Zhou X, Yin X, Gong Y. Preparation and Application of Aza-15-crown-5-capped Methylcalix[4]resorcinarene-Bonded Silica Particles for Use as Chiral Stationary Phase in HPLC. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Zhong C, Chen B, He M, Hu B. Covalent triazine framework-1 as adsorbent for inline solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of trace nitroimidazoles in porcine liver and environmental waters. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1483:40-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Thermodynamic Study of Racemic Ibuprofen Separation by Liquid Chromatography Using Cellulose-Based Stationary Phase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/7484731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), also known for its significant antipyretic and analgesic properties. This chiral drug is commercialized in racemic form; however, only S-(+)-ibuprofen has clinical activities. In this paper the effect of temperature change (from 288.15 to 308.15 K) on the ibuprofen resolution was studied. A column (250×4.6 mm) packed with tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) was used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters, such as enthalpy change (ΔH), entropy change (ΔS), variation enthalpy change (ΔΔH), variation entropy change (ΔΔS), and isoenantioselective temperature (Tiso). The mobile phase was a combination of hexane (99%), isopropyl alcohol (1%), and TFA (0.1%), as an additive. The conditions led to a selectivity of 1.20 and resolution of 4.55. The first peak, R-(−)-ibuprofen, presented an enthalpy change of 7.21 kJ/mol and entropy change of 42.88 kJ/K·mol; the last peak, S-(+)-ibuprofen, has an enthalpy change of 8.76 kJ/mol and 49.40 kJ/K·mol of entropy change.
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22
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Alajmi MF, Hussain A, Suhail M, Mukhtar SD, Sahoo DR, Asnin L, Ali I. Chiral HPLC Separation and Modeling of Four Stereomers of DL-Leucine-DL-Tryptophan Dipeptide on Amylose Chiral Column. Chirality 2016; 28:642-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F. Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Suhail
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia; New Delhi India
| | | | | | - Leonid Asnin
- Perm National Research Polytechnic University; Perm Russia
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia; New Delhi India
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Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Enrichment of Ofloxacin Enantiomers in Fish Samples. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070915. [PMID: 27428943 PMCID: PMC6273836 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A new method for the isolation and enrichment of ofloxacin enantiomers from fish samples was developed using magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs). These polymers can be easily collected and rapidly separated using an external magnetic field, and also exhibit a high specific recognition for ofloxacin enantiomers. The preparation of amino-functionalized MMIPs was carried out via suspension polymerization and a ring-opening reaction using rac-ofloxacin as a template, ethylenediamine as an active group, glycidyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate as functional monomers, divinylbenzene as a cross-linker, and Fe3O4 nanoparticles as magnetic cores. The characteristics of the MMIPs were assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements. Furthermore, the adsorption properties were determined using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The conditions for use of these MMIPs as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) sorbents, including pH, adsorption time, desorption time, and eluent, were investigated in detail. An extraction method using MMIPs coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed for the determination of ofloxacin enantiomers in fish samples. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) for the developed method were 0.059 and 0.067 μg∙mL−1 for levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin, respectively. The recovery of ofloxacin enantiomers ranged from 79.2% ± 5.6% to 84.4% ± 4.6% and ofloxacin enantiomers had good linear relationships within the concentration range of 0.25–5.0 μg∙mL−1 (R2 > 0.999). The obtained results demonstrate that MSPE-HPLC is a promising approach for preconcentration, purification, and simultaneous separation of ofloxacin enantiomers in biomatrix samples.
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Ali I, Suhail M, Lone MN, Alothman ZA, Alwarthan A. Chiral resolution of multichiral center racemates by different modalities of chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2016.1152582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia Central University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Suhail
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia Central University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Nadeem Lone
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia Central University, New Delhi, India
| | - Zeid A. Alothman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwarthan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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25
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Holm KMD, Linnet K. Determination of the unbound fraction of R- and S-methadone in human brain. Int J Legal Med 2016; 130:1519-1526. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-016-1365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Ali I, Suhail M, Al-Othman ZA, Alwarthan A, Aboul-Enein HY. Enantiomeric resolution of multiple chiral centres racemates by capillary electrophoresis. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:683-94. [PMID: 26840015 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomeric resolution of multichiral centre racemates is an important area as some multichiral centre racemates are of great medicinal importance. However, enantioseparation of such types of racemates is a challenging task. Amongst many analytical techniques, capillary electrophoresis is a powerful technique and may be used to resolve such racemates. Only few papers are available describing enantiomeric resolution of such racemates. Therefore, efforts have been made to describe the enantiomeric resolution of multichiral centre racemates by capillary electrophoresis. This article discusses the importance of multichiral racemates, the need for capillary electrophoresis in enantiomeric resolution and chiral resolution of multichiral centre racemates using various chiral selectors. Further, attempts have been made to discuss the future challenges and prospects of enantiomeric resolution of multichiral racemates. The various chiral selectors used for the purpose are chiral crown ether, cyclodextrins, polysaccharides, macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics and ligand exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohd Suhail
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zeid A Al-Othman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwarthan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
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27
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Ali I, Lone MN, Suhail M, AL-Othman ZA, Alwarthan A. Enantiomeric resolution and simulation studies of four enantiomers of 5-bromo-3-ethyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-piperidine-2,6-dione on a Chiralpak IA column. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26462f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantiomeric resolution and simulation studies of four enantiomers of 5-bromo-3-ethyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-piperidine-2,6-dione on a Chiralpak IA column were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry
- Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University)
- New Delhi
- India
| | | | - Mohd. Suhail
- Department of Chemistry
- Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University)
- New Delhi
- India
| | - Zeid A. AL-Othman
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwarthan
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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28
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Validated chiral high performance liquid chromatography separation method and simulation studies of dipeptides on amylose chiral column. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1406:201-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Taraji M, Talebpour Z, Adib N, Karimi S, Haghighi F, Aboul-Enein HY. Determination of Carvedilol Enantiomers in Pharmaceutical Dosages by SBSE–HPLC Based on Diastereomer Formation. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:1316-21. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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30
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Enantioseparation of chiral pharmaceuticals in biomedical and environmental analyses by liquid chromatography: An overview. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 968:8-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Al-Othman ZA, Al-Warthan A, Alam SD, Ali I. Enantio-separation of drugs with multiple chiral centers by chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1514-24. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeid A. Al-Othman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Warthan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Dilshad Alam
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University); New Delhi India
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University); New Delhi India
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32
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Al-Othman ZA, Al-Warthan A, Ali I. Advances in enantiomeric resolution on monolithic chiral stationary phases in liquid chromatography and electrochromatography. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1033-57. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeid A. Al-Othman
- Department of Chemistry; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Warthan
- Department of Chemistry; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University); New Delhi India
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33
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Ali I, Al-Othman ZA, Al-Warthan A, Alam SD, Farooqi JA. Enantiomeric Separation and Simulation Studies of Pheniramine, Oxybutynin, Cetirizine, and Brinzolamide Chiral Drugs on Amylose-Based Columns. Chirality 2014; 26:136-43. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University) New Delhi; India
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid A. Al-Othman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Warthan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Dilshad Alam
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University) New Delhi; India
| | - Javed A. Farooqi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Indira Gandhi National Open University; New Delhi India
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34
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Fortuna A, Alves G, Falcão A. Chiral chromatographic resolution of antiepileptic drugs and their metabolites: a challenge from the optimization to the application. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:27-58. [PMID: 23946142 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A large number of the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) presently available for clinical practice are chiral compounds while others, although achiral, may originate pharmacologically active chiral metabolites in vivo. The well-known implications of chirality in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics demand the investigation of pharmacological properties for a racemic mixture and each enantiomer. To achieve these objectives, appropriate chiral analytical methods must be available. This article provides the first review of the current state of the art in chiral chromatographic methods available for quantifying enantiomers of AEDs in distinct matrices. Particular attention is paid to the methodological aspects and optimization strategies that successfully allow enantiomeric chromatographic separation of chiral AEDs and/or metabolites. Furthermore, the relevance of these methods in supporting the discovery and development of chiral AEDs is emphasized. In parallel and whenever available, the principal validation parameters are herein considered and related to the stage of drug discovery and development. In an attempt to optimize anticonvulsant activity and simultaneously diminish toxic effects, many pharmaceutical companies have started to manufacture single enantiomers. Therefore, chiral chromatographic techniques will be essential and the information herein compiled can be used as a framework for developing them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fortuna
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal; CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
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