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Roberts BM, Geddis AV, Matheny RW. The dose-response effects of flurbiprofen, indomethacin, ibuprofen, and naproxen on primary skeletal muscle cells. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2302046. [PMID: 38198469 PMCID: PMC10783825 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2302046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen sodium, and indomethacin are commonly employed for their pain-relieving and inflammation-reducing qualities. NSAIDs work by blocking COX-1 and/or COX-2, enzymes which play roles in inflammation, fever, and pain. The main difference among NSAIDs lies in their affinity to these enzymes, which in turn, influences prostaglandin secretion, and skeletal muscle growth and regeneration. The current study investigated the effects of NSAIDs on human skeletal muscle cells, focusing on myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and muscle protein synthesis signaling. METHODS Using human primary muscle cells, we examined the dose-response impact of flurbiprofen (25-200 µM), indomethacin (25-200 µM), ibuprofen (25-200 µM), and naproxen sodium (25-200 µM), on myoblast viability, myotube area, fusion, and prostaglandin production. RESULTS We found that supraphysiological concentrations of indomethacin inhibited myoblast proliferation (-74 ± 2% with 200 µM; -53 ± 3% with 100 µM; both p < 0.05) compared to control cells and impaired protein synthesis signaling pathways in myotubes, but only attenuated myotube fusion at the highest concentrations (-18 ± 2% with 200 µM, p < 0.05) compared to control myotubes. On the other hand, ibuprofen had no such effects. Naproxen sodium only increased cell proliferation at low concentrations (+36 ± 2% with 25 µM, p < 0.05), and flurbiprofen exhibited divergent impacts depending on the concentration whereby low concentrations improved cell proliferation (+17 ± 1% with 25 µM, p < 0.05) but high concentrations inhibited cell proliferation (-32 ± 1% with 200 µM, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that indomethacin, at high concentrations, may detrimentally affect myoblast proliferation and differentiation via an AKT-dependent mechanism, and thus provide new understanding of NSAIDs' effects on skeletal muscle cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M. Roberts
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Alyssa V. Geddis
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Ronald W. Matheny
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
- Military Operational Medicine Research Program, Detrick, MD, USA
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Kruszewska H, Zawistowska-Rojek A, Tyski S. Do NSAIDs and Other Pain Relief Drugs Can Inhibit the Growth of Lactobacillaceae? Pol J Microbiol 2023; 72:507-513. [PMID: 37816501 PMCID: PMC10725164 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) commonly used in clinical practice may cause gastrointestinal injuries and influence the gut microbiota. This study investigated the effects of various NSAIDs and some analgesics on the viability of Lactobacillaceae strains (including probiotic strains) in vitro. It was found that diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, dexketoprofen, flurbiprofen, and acetylsalicylic acid inhibited the growth of lactobacilli at a concentration of 0.05-3.2 mg/ml. These MICs of NSAIDs are well above therapeutic plasma concentrations achieved in humans, indicating that the tested drugs should not inhibit the growth of lactobacilli in the human digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kruszewska
- Department of Antibiotics and Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Zawistowska-Rojek
- Department of Antibiotics and Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefan Tyski
- Department of Antibiotics and Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Yaman ME, Atila A, Akman TC, Albayrak M, Kadioglu Y, Halici Z. A Sensitive UPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Flurbiprofen in Rat Plasma: Application to Real Sample. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 59:502-509. [PMID: 33884406 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
For the quantification of flurbiprofen in rat plasma, a simple UPLC-MS/MS method with high sensitivity and short retention time for flurbiprofen was developed and validated using specific parameters. Etodolac was used as internal standard. The transitions (precursor to the product) of flurbiprofen and internal standard were obtained using the electrospray ionization in the negative ion multiple reaction monitoring mode, 243.2 → 199.2, 286.2 → 212.1, respectively. For chromatographic separation, C18 column was used for the stationary phase and gradient elution was used for the mobile phase. This mobile phase consisted of a methanol (A) and a 5 mM ammonium formate solution (B), which varied at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. For flurbiprofen, LLOQ was determined as 5 ng/mL. Quantification of flurbiprofen in the rat plasma with a linear calibration curve of 5-5000 ng/mL (r > 0.9991 for plasma) is possible with a retention time of 1.89 min. The total analysis time of the method was 3 min. The proposed method was validated. The intraday and inter-day precision (RSD%) and accuracy (RE%) were within 10% in all cases for flurbiprofen. The stability of flurbiprofen was evaluated under conditions such as short-term, long-term, autosampler and freeze/thaw. After method validation, flurbiprofen was succesfully quantified in real rat plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Emrah Yaman
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ataturk University Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Alptug Atila
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ataturk University Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Tugrul Cagri Akman
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Binali Yildirim Erzincan University Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Mevlut Albayrak
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Health Services Vocational Training School, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Yucel Kadioglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ataturk University Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Zekai Halici
- Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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Turner R, Wevrett SR, Edmunds S, Brown MB, Atkinson R, Adegoke O, Kulasekaran A, Shea T. Determination of the Permeation and Penetration of Flurbiprofen into Cadaveric Human Pharynx Tissue. Clin Pharmacol 2020; 12:13-20. [PMID: 32273779 PMCID: PMC7102892 DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s234227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg spray and lozenge have a rapid onset of action for sore throat relief, suggesting local action, although tissue penetration and the mechanism of local relief have not been determined. This investigation aimed to quantify the permeation and penetration of flurbiprofen, applied as local pharmaceutical forms, into full-thickness cadaveric human mucosal pharynx tissue, representing the clinical scenario as far as possible. Methods A validated high-performance liquid chromatography method quantified the permeation and penetration of flurbiprofen (spray and lozenge formulations) into human cadaveric pharynx tissue using a micro Franz cell model mimicking physiological and anatomical conditions. Full-thickness mucosal pharynx tissue, consisting of oral epithelium, basement membrane, and lamina propria, was utilized to imitate the in vivo setting. Flurbiprofen was analyzed on the surface of the pharynx tissue, within the pharynx tissue and in receiver fluid, over 60 mins. Results Flurbiprofen was detected in receiver fluid from 10 mins following spray application and was quantifiable from 20 mins. Flurbiprofen from lozenge was detected from 10 mins and was above the limit of quantitation in receiver fluid from 40 mins. Flurbiprofen recovered from the surface of the pharynx tissue was 24.45% and 8.48% of applied dose for spray and lozenge, respectively. Flurbiprofen recovered within pharynx tissue was 46.50% and 54.65% of applied dose for spray and lozenge, respectively. For flurbiprofen lozenge, recovery within pharynx tissue was 6-fold higher relative to recovery from the pharynx tissue surface. Conclusion Flurbiprofen from spray and lozenge formulations penetrated human cadaveric pharynx tissue, indicating that flurbiprofen can reach all layers of the pharynx mucosal tissue, including the underlying lamina propria, which contains blood vessels and nerve fibers that contribute to pain during sore throat. This suggests that flurbiprofen may have a local mechanism of action for sore throat, although this has yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Turner
- MedPharm Ltd, Surrey Research Park, Guildford, UK
| | | | | | - Marc B Brown
- MedPharm Ltd, Surrey Research Park, Guildford, UK.,The Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology (TDDT), University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Herts, UK
| | | | | | | | - Tim Shea
- Medical Science, Reckitt Benckiser, Parsippany, NJ, USA
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Sun J, Liu B, Cai L, Yu J, Guo X. Chiral liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method development with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatized chiral stationary phase for the enhanced separation and determination of flurbiprofen enantiomers: application to a stereoselective pharmacokinetic study. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01516d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Home-made chiral stationary phase for enhanced enantioselective separation and determination of flurbiprofen by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Sun
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Beibei Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Liangzhao Cai
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
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Turner R, Wevrett SR, Edmunds S, Brown M, Atkinson R, Shea T. Validation of an analytical method to quantify the permeation and penetration of flurbiprofen into human pharynx tissue. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4499. [PMID: 30667527 PMCID: PMC6618079 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to develop receiver and extraction fluids, and subsequently validate an analytical method to quantify the permeation and penetration of flurbiprofen into human pharynx tissue using a Franz diffusion cell. The solubility and stability of flurbiprofen in a suitable receiver fluid, and a suitable extraction method and fluid to recover and quantitate flurbiprofen from human pharynx tissue, were investigated using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The potential interference of human pharynx tissue in the receiver fluid was also investigated. The HPLC analytical method was successfully validated according to current guidelines. The final receiver fluid demonstrated sufficient solubility and stability, and the extraction method and fluid resulted in >95% recovery of flurbiprofen following exposure to human pharynx tissue. The lower limit of quantitation of flurbiprofen was 0.045 μg/mL in both the receiver and extraction fluids. There was no interference of the human pharynx tissue with the HPLC method. This investigation validated an analytical method for quantitating flurbiprofen, and determined a suitable receiver fluid and extraction method and fluid, which can be used to investigate the permeation and penetration of flurbiprofen through human pharynx tissue using the Franz diffusion cell method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Turner
- MedPharm Ltd, Surrey Research Park, Guildford, UK
| | | | | | - Marc Brown
- MedPharm Ltd, Surrey Research Park, Guildford, UK.,The Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Herts, UK
| | | | - Tim Shea
- Medical Science, Reckitt Benckiser, New Jersey, USA
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Aminu N, Chan SY, Khan NH, Toh SM. Concurrent determination of triclosan and flurbiprofen by high-performance liquid chromatography in simulated saliva and its application in dental nanogel formulation. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2018. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2017.00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nafiu Aminu
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto ,Nigeria
| | - Siok-Yee Chan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nasir Hayat Khan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Seok-Ming Toh
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
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Organic solute carrier 22 (SLC22) family: Potential for interactions with food, herbal/dietary supplements, endogenous compounds, and drugs. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 26:S45-S60. [PMID: 29703386 PMCID: PMC9326878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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