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Yu X, Wang Y, Wu Z, Jia M, Xu Y, Qu H, Zhao X, Wang S, Jing L, Lou Y, Fan G, Gui Y. Multi-technology integrated network pharmacology-based study on phytochemicals, active metabolites, and molecular mechanism of Psoraleae Fructus to promote melanogenesis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117755. [PMID: 38218502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE According to the Compendium of Materia Medica (Shizhen Li, Ming dynasty) and Welfare Pharmacy (Song dynasty), Psoraleae Fructus (PF), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a bitter taste and warm nature, which has the effect of treating spleen and kidney deficiency and skin disease. Although PF has been widely used since ancient times and has shown satisfactory efficacy in treating vitiligo, the active substances and the mechanism of PF in promoting melanogenesis remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the active substances and action mechanisms of PF in promoting melanogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, UPLC-UV-Q-TOF/MS was used to characterize the components in PF extract and identify the absorption components and metabolites of PF after oral administration at usual doses in rats. Secondly, the active substances and related targets and pathways were predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Finally, pharmacodynamic and molecular biology experiments were used to verify the prediction results. RESULTS The experimental results showed that 15 compounds were identified in PF extract, and 44 compounds, consisting of 8 prototype components and 36 metabolites (including isomers) were identified in rats' plasma. Promising action targets (MAPK1, MAPK8, MAPK14) and signaling pathways (MAPK signaling pathway) were screened and refined to elucidate the mechanism of PF against vitiligo based on network pharmacology. Bergaptol and xanthotol (the main metabolites of PF), psoralen (prototype drug), and PF extract significantly increased melanin production in zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, bergaptol could promote the pigmentation of zebrafish embryos more than psoralen and PF extract. Bergaptol significantly increased the protein expression levels of p-P38 and decreased ERK phosphorylation in B16F10 cells, which was also supported by the corresponding inhibitor/activator combination study. Moreover, bergaptol increased the mRNA expression levels of the downstream microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase in B16F10 cells. Our data elucidate that bergaptol may promote melanogenesis by regulating the p-P38 and p-ERK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study will lay a foundation for discovering potential new drugs for treating vitiligo and provide feasible ideas for exploring the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China; Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Zhenghua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Mengqi Jia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Han Qu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200434, PR China.
| | - Shuowen Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Lili Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Yuefen Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200434, PR China.
| | - Guorong Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Yaxing Gui
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
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Mu L, Dai H, Fei C, Li W, Xue Q, Xu Y, Li L, Li W, Yin W, Yin F. Study on the processing chemistry of Fructus Psoraleae by a combination of untargeted and targeted metabolomics. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:4280-4291. [PMID: 36168848 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fructus Psoralea is widely used to treat osteoporosis and skin inflammatory diseases. Because of the side effects on the liver, renal and cardiovascular systems, it is processed to salt-processed Fructus Psoraleae to meet the requirements of clinical use. However, the mechanisms involved in the transformation of the chemical components are unclear. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to analyze the chemical profiles of this herbal medicine and the chemical transformation mechanism involved during the salt processing was studied. A total of 83 compounds were identified. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminate analysis were used to observe the distribution trend of all samples and visualize the difference. Raw and processed Fructus Psoraleae were clearly clustered into two groups. Furthermore, 17 marker compounds were identified as primary contributors to their differences based on t-test analysis (p < 0.01) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminate analysis (variable importance for the projection > 1). Finally, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the quality of Fructus Psoraleae by simultaneous analysis of 13 components highly related to efficacy. There were variations in the contents of 13 chemicals of Fructus Psoraleae and salt-processed products. The results of untargeted and targeted metabolomics revealed that salt processing affected the chemical composition of Fructus Psoraleae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Mu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Hui Dai
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chenghao Fei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wu Yin
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhou Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Zhou Z, Yang L, Cheng L, Yu Y, Song L, Zhou K, Wu Y, Zhang Y. Simultaneous characterization of multiple Psoraleae Fructus bioactive compounds in rat plasma by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for application in sex‐related differences in pharmacokinetics. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2804-2816. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐xing Zhou
- Department of PharmacologyShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Li‐yuan Cheng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Ying‐li Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Lei Song
- Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Ying‐liang Wu
- Department of PharmacologyShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology Tianjin P. R. China
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Quantitative analysis, pharmacokinetics and metabolomics study for the comprehensive characterization of the salt-processing mechanism of Psoraleae Fructus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:661. [PMID: 30679561 PMCID: PMC6345873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Research based on quantitative analysis, pharmacokinetics and metabolomics was conducted to explore the effects of salt-processing on Psoraleae Fructus (PF). Quantitative analysis showed that the contents of bioactive components were higher in salt-processed Psoraleae Fructus (SPF) extract than in PF extract. Pharmacokinetics indicated that the overall AUC and tmax levels was higher, while Cmax was lower in the SPF group. In the metabolomics study, the differential influences of PF and SPF on 22 common biomarkers and associated metabolic pathways showed that salt-processing could enhance the effect of PF and reduce toxicity in the cardiovascular and renal systems. The internal correlations among these results, together with the influence of salt-processing, suggested that the effects of heating and newly generated surfactants during the salt-processing procedure were the primary causes of the changes in chemical composition and absorption characteristics, as well as the subsequent enhanced efficacy and minor toxicity.
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Screening the Marker Components in Psoralea corylifolia L. with the Aids of Spectrum-Effect Relationship and Component Knock-Out by UPLC-MS². Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113439. [PMID: 30400170 PMCID: PMC6274892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoralea corylifolia L., (P. corylifolia), which is used for treating vitiligo in clinic, shows inhibitory and activating effects on tyrosinase, a rate-limiting enzyme of melanogenesis. This study aimed to determine the active ingredients in the ethenal extracts of P. corylifolia on tyrosinase activity. The spectrum-effect relationship and knock-out method were established to predict the active compounds. Their structures were then identified with the high resolution mass spectra. A high performance liquid chromatography method was established to obtain the specific chromatograms. Tyrosinase activity in vitro was assayed by the method of oxidation rate of levodopa. Partial least squares method was used to test the spectrum-effect relationships. Chromatographic peaks P2, P4, P9, P10, P11, P13, P21, P26, P28, and P30 were positively related to the activating effects on tyrosinase activity in PE, whereas chromatographic peaks P1, P3, P6, P14, P16, P19, P22, and P29 were negatively related to the activating effects on tyrosinase in the P. corylifolia (PEs). When the sample concentration was 0.5 g·mL−1, equal to the amount of raw medicinal herbs, the target components were daidzein (P2), psoralen (P5), neobavaisoflavone (P13), and psoralidin (P20), which were consistent with the results of spectrum-effect relationships.
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Kassahun Gebremeskel A, Wijerathne TD, Kim JH, Kim MJ, Seo CS, Shin HK, Lee KP. Psoralea corylifolia extract induces vasodilation in rat arteries through both endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms involving inhibition of TRPC3 channel activity and elaboration of prostaglandin. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:2136-2144. [PMID: 28982307 PMCID: PMC6130690 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1383484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Fructus Psoralea, Psoralea corylifolia L. (Leguminosae), has been widely used in traditional medicines for the treatment of dermatitis, leukoderma, asthma and osteoporosis. OBJECTIVES In this study, we sought to study mechanisms underlying the vasoactive properties of Psoralea corylifolia extract (PCE) and its active ingredients. MATERIALS AND METHODS To study mechanisms underlying the vasoactive properties of PCE prepared by extracting dried seeds of Psoralea corylifolia with 70% ethanol, isometric tension recordings of rat aortic rings and the ionic currents through TRPC3 (transient receptor potential canonical 3) channels were measured with the cumulative concentration (10-600 μg/mL) of PCE or its constituents. RESULTS Cumulative treatment with PCE caused the relaxation of pre-contracted aortic rings in the presence and absence of endothelium with EC50 values of 61.27 ± 3.11 and 211.13 ± 18.74 μg/mL, respectively. Pretreatment with inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, guanylate cyclase, or cyclooxygenase and pyrazole 3, a selective TRPC3 channel blocker, significantly decreased PCE-induced vasorelaxation (p < 0.01). The PCE constituents, bakuchiol, isobavachalcone, isopsoralen and psoralen, inhibited hTRPC3 currents (inhibited by 40.6 ± 2.7, 27.1 ± 7.9, 35.1 ± 4.8 and 47.4 ± 3.9%, respectively). Furthermore, these constituents significantly relaxed pre-contracted aortic rings (EC50 128.9, 4.5, 32.1 and 114.9 μg/mL, respectively). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data indicate that the vasodilatory actions of PCE are dependent on endothelial NO/cGMP and also involved in prostaglandin production. PCE and its active constituents, bakuchiol, isobavachalcone, isopsoralen and psoralen, caused dose-dependent inhibition of TRPC3 channels, indicating that those ingredients attenuate Phe-induced vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addis Kassahun Gebremeskel
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tharaka Darshana Wijerathne
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- Basic Herbal Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
- Basic Herbal Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Hyeun-Kyoo Shin Basic Herbal Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, South Korea
| | - Kyu Pil Lee
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- CONTACT Kyu Pil LeeLaboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Luan L, Shen X, Liu X, Wu Y, Tan M. Qualitative analysis of Psoraleae Fructus by HPLC-DAD/TOF-MS fingerprint and quantitative analysis of multiple components by single marker. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [PMID: 28777876 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A variety of bioactive substances may account for the recognized efficacy and wide clinical application of Psoraleae Fructus in China. A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) fingerprint method was developed to present the comprehensive phytochemical profile of the crude drug. Thirteen major compounds were separated and identified by HPLC coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/TOF-MS), namely psoralenoside (PO), isopsoralenoside (IPO), psoralen (PS), isopsoralen (IPS), neobavaisoflavone (NBF), bavachin (BC), corylin (CN), bavachromene (BCM), psoralidin (PD), isobavachalcone (IBC), bacachinin (BCN), corylifol A (CA) and bakuchiol (BK). Then quantitative analysis of multiple components by single marker (QAMS) was applied in content determination of PO, IPO, PS, IPS, BC, IBC, BCN, CA and BK, with NBF as the internal standard. The calculation results indicated no significant difference from the traditional external standard method (p > 0.05, RSD < 2.62%), suggesting that QAMS is a reliable and convenient method for content determination of multiple chemical compositions, especially when there is a shortage of reference substances. In conclusion, simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of Psoraleae Fructus may be fulfilled through the newly proposed method of QAMS combined with HPLC-DAD/TOF-MS fingerprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjun Luan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Manliang Tan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Mohammed Abubakar B, Mohd Salleh F, Shamsir Omar MS, Wagiran A. Review: DNA Barcoding and Chromatography Fingerprints for the Authentication of Botanicals in Herbal Medicinal Products. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:1352948. [PMID: 28536641 PMCID: PMC5425840 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1352948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, there has been a tremendous increase in the global use of herbal medicinal products (HMPs) due to their claimed health benefits. This has led to increase in their demand and consequently, also, resulted in massive adulteration. This is due to the fact that most of the traditional methods cannot identify closely related species in a process product form. Therefore the urgent need for simple and rapid identification methods resulted in the discovery of a novel technique. DNA barcoding is a process that uses short DNA sequence from the standard genome for species identification. This technique is reliable and is not affected by external factors such as climates, age, or plant part. The difficulties in isolation of DNA of high quality in addition to other factors are among the challenges encountered using the DNA barcoding in the authentication of HMP. These limitations indicated that using DNA barcoding alone may ineffectively authenticate the HMP. Therefore, the combination of DNA barcoding with chromatographic fingerprint, a popular and generally accepted technique for the assessment and quality control of HMP, will offer an efficient solution to effectively evaluate the authenticity and quality consistency of HMP. Detailed and quality information about the main composition of the HMPs will help to ascertain their efficacy and safety as these are very important for quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Mohammed Abubakar
- Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, UTM, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauchi State University Gadau, PMB 065, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Faezah Mohd Salleh
- Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, UTM, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shahir Shamsir Omar
- Department of Biosciences & Health Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, UTM, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Alina Wagiran
- Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, UTM, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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