Validated RP-HPLC/DAD Method for the Quantification of Insect Repellent Ethyl 2-Aminobenzoate in Membrane-Moderated Matrix Type Monolithic Polymeric Device

Development of a validated RP-HPLC/DAD method for the quantitative determination of methyl jasmonate in an insect repellent semi-solid formulation

A simple and efficient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the first time for the estimation of a mosquito repellent, methyl jasmonate in a cream formulation, and validated as per the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Acetonitrile and water (75:25 v/v) were used as the mobile phase and the flow-rate of the mobile phase was kept constant at 1.0 mL/min. The analysis was performed isocratically on a C₁₈ analytical column (250 × 4.4 mm, 5 μm) using a Diode Array Detector for the detection of methyl jasmonate at 214 nm. The presence of excipients did not interfere with the quantification of methyl jasmonate. The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 25–300 μg/mL. The relative standard deviations for intra-day and inter-day precision, and repeatability were less than 2%. The recovery ranged from 88.5% to 90.7% with relative standard deviations not higher than 2%. The limit of detection and quantification were 9.4 μg/mL and 28.5 μg/mL, respectively. System suitability parameters were within the accepted range. The proposed method was also robust. Thus, the present report puts forward a novel analytical method for the estimation of an emerging mosquito repellent, methyl jasmonate by using the RP-HPLC technique.

Exploration of toxicological impacts following acute and sub-chronic exposure to ethyl anthranilate-loaded mosquito repellent patch

In the recent years, growing concern about the potential toxicity of synthetic repellents has led to the development of environmentally safe non-toxic insect control methods. Present investigation explores the toxicological impacts of ethyl anthranilate-loaded mosquito repellent patch (EAMRP) on respiratory system following acute and sub-chronic inhalation exposure in Wistar rats. Lungs parameters such as enhanced pause, tidal volume, respiration rate, inspiration time, and expiration time were determined using whole body plethysmograph. X-ray, scanning electron microscopy and histology were utilized to study the morphology and microscopical architecture of lungs. Hematological and serum biochemical markers were estimated. Cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-12 were also estimated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid using ELISA kits. Finally, acute oral and dermal toxicity studies were carried out to study the accidental or intentional poisoning due to the ingestion and skin contact of EAMRP, respectively. The findings demonstrate that inhalation exposure to EAMRP did not pose any significant dose related toxicity in above mentioned experiments. Further, no appreciable toxicity was observed in both acute oral and dermal exposure. Thus, these results revealed the non toxic nature of EAMRP in preclinical studies. Hence, EAMRP can be used successfully as an alternative to existing synthetic repellents without any potential health hazards.