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Giardina FAM, Pellegrinelli L, Novazzi F, Vian E, Biscaro V, Russo C, Ranno S, Pagani E, Masi E, Tiberio C, Esposito M, Uceda Renteria S, Callegaro A, Piccirilli G, Lazzarotto T, Rovida F, Galli C, Lalle E, Maggi F, Mancini N, Acciarri C, Menzo S, Colacicco AM, Scarasciulli M, Piralla A, Baldanti F, Pariani E. Epidemiological impact of human adenovirus as causative agent of respiratory infections: An Italian multicentre retrospective study, 2022-2023. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:1097-1103. [PMID: 39043318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses are the causative agents of 5-7% of viral respiratory infections, mainly caused by species B and C. They can infect all age groups, but children are usually at high risk of infections. Adenovirus epidemiology is well documented in East-Asian countries but little is known about adenovirus circulation in Europe in recent years. This multicentre retrospective study aimed to investigate the circulation and molecular epidemiology of hAdVs. This surveillance collected a total of 54463 respiratory specimens between January 1, 2022 and June 20, 2023 were tested for the presence of respiratory viruses. Our results showed that adenovirus was detected in 6.6 % of all cases of acute respiratory infection included in the study and the median age of positive patients was 3 years, with male children in 1-2 years age group being the most affected. 43.5 % of adenovirus cases were co-infected with at least one other respiratory virus, and rhinovirus was co-detected in 54 % of cases. Genotyping of adenovirus allowed the identification of 6 different genotypes circulating in Italy, among which type B3 was the most frequently detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica A M Giardina
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Laura Pellegrinelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Novazzi
- Department of Medicine and Innovation Technology, University of Insubria (DIMIT), Varese, Italy; Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology University Hospital of Varese, Varese, Italy.
| | - Elisa Vian
- UOC Microbiology Treviso Hospital, Department of Specialist and Laboratory Medicine, AULSS 2 La, Marca, Italy.
| | - Valeria Biscaro
- UOC Microbiology Treviso Hospital, Department of Specialist and Laboratory Medicine, AULSS 2 La, Marca, Italy.
| | - Cristina Russo
- Virology and Mycobacteria UOS, Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology UOC, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| | - Stefania Ranno
- Virology and Mycobacteria UOS, Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology UOC, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Pagani
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Provincial Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Lehrkrankenhaus der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Elisa Masi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Provincial Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Lehrkrankenhaus der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Claudia Tiberio
- UOC Microbiology and Virology, Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
| | - Martina Esposito
- UOC Microbiology and Virology, Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy.
| | - Sara Uceda Renteria
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Annapaola Callegaro
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulia Piccirilli
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Lazzarotto
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Rovida
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Cristina Galli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Lalle
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicasio Mancini
- Department of Medicine and Innovation Technology, University of Insubria (DIMIT), Varese, Italy; Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology University Hospital of Varese, Varese, Italy.
| | - Carla Acciarri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Stefano Menzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Virology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Colacicco
- Virology Laboratory - Microbiology and Virology Unit - University of Bari - Policlinic of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Scarasciulli
- Virology Laboratory - Microbiology and Virology Unit - University of Bari - Policlinic of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Antonio Piralla
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Elena Pariani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Ondo GN, Ushijima Y, Abe H, Mahmoudou S, Bikangui R, Nkoma AM, Mbadinga MJVM, More A, Agbanrin MD, Pemba CM, Beh Mba R, Akim AA, Lell B, Yasuda J. Genetic Diversity and Detection of Respiratory Viruses Excluding SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gabon, 2020-2021. Viruses 2024; 16:698. [PMID: 38793579 PMCID: PMC11126038 DOI: 10.3390/v16050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory infections are a major global burden in resource-limited countries, including countries in Africa. Although COVID-19 has been well studied since the pandemic emerged in Gabon, Central Africa, less attention has been paid to other respiratory viral diseases, and very little data are available. Herein, we provide the first data on the genetic diversity and detection of 18 major respiratory viruses in Gabon during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of 582 nasopharyngeal swab specimens collected from March 2020 to July 2021, which were SARS-CoV-2 negative, 156 were positive (26%) for the following viruses: enterovirus (20.3%), human rhinovirus (HRV) (4.6%), human coronavirus OC43 (1.2%), human adenovirus (0.9%), human metapneumovirus (hMPV) (0.5%), influenza A virus (IAV) (0.3%), and human parainfluenza viruses (0.5%). To determine the genetic diversity and transmission route of the viruses, phylogenetic analyses were performed using genome sequences of the detected viruses. The IAV strain detected in this study was genetically similar to strains isolated in the USA, whereas the hMPV strain belonging to the A2b subtype formed a cluster with Kenyan strains. This study provides the first complete genomic sequences of HRV, IAV, and hMPV detected in Gabon, and provides insight into the circulation of respiratory viruses in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgelin Nguema Ondo
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuri Ushijima
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.U.); (H.A.)
- Division of Biomedical Science, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Haruka Abe
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.U.); (H.A.)
- Vietnam Research Station, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases (CCPID), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;
| | - Saïdou Mahmoudou
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Rodrigue Bikangui
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Anne Marie Nkoma
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Marien Juliet Veraldy Magossou Mbadinga
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Ayong More
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Maradona Daouda Agbanrin
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Christelle M. Pemba
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases (CCPID), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;
| | - Romuald Beh Mba
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Adegnika Ayola Akim
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Bertrand Lell
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné BP.242, Gabon; (G.N.O.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (A.M.N.); (M.J.V.M.M.); (A.M.); (M.D.A.); (R.B.M.); (A.A.A.); (B.L.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiro Yasuda
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.U.); (H.A.)
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases (CCPID), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;
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Teoh Z, Conrey S, McNeal M, Burrell A, Burke RM, Mattison CP, McMorrow M, Thornburg N, Payne DC, Morrow AL, Staat MA. Factors Associated With Prolonged Respiratory Virus Detection From Polymerase Chain Reaction of Nasal Specimens Collected Longitudinally in Healthy Children in a US Birth Cohort. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2024; 13:189-195. [PMID: 38366142 PMCID: PMC11520743 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piae009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory viral shedding is incompletely characterized by existing studies due to the lack of longitudinal nasal sampling and limited inclusion of healthy/asymptomatic children. We describe characteristics associated with prolonged virus detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a community-based birth cohort. METHODS Children were followed from birth to 2 years of age in the PREVAIL cohort. Weekly nasal swabs were collected and tested using the Luminex Respiratory Pathogen Panel. Weekly text surveys were administered to ascertain the presence of acute respiratory illnesses defined as fever and/or cough. Maternal reports and medical chart abstractions identified healthcare utilization. Prolonged virus detection was defined as a persistently positive test lasting ≥4 weeks. Factors associated with prolonged virus detection were assessed using mixed effects multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS From a sub-cohort of 101 children with ≥70% weekly swabs collected, a total of 1489 viral infections were detected. Prolonged virus detection was found in 23.4% of viral infections overall, 39% of bocavirus infections, 33% of rhinovirus/enterovirus infections, 14% of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A infections, and 7% of RSV B infections. No prolonged detection was found for influenza virus A or B, coronavirus 229E or HKU1, and parainfluenza virus 2 or 4 infections. First-lifetime infection with each virus, and co-detection of another respiratory virus were significantly associated with prolonged detection, while symptom status, child sex, and child age were not. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged virus detection was observed in 1 in 4 viral infections in this cohort of healthy children and varied by pathogen, occurring most often for bocavirus and rhinovirus/enterovirus. Evaluating the immunological basis of how viral co-detections and recurrent viral infections impact duration of virus detection by PCR is needed to better understand the dynamics of prolonged viral shedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyi Teoh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Shannon Conrey
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Division of Epidemiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Monica McNeal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Allison Burrell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Division of Epidemiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Rachel M Burke
- Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Claire P Mattison
- Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Cherokee Nation Assurance, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Meredith McMorrow
- Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Natalie Thornburg
- Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel C Payne
- Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ardythe L Morrow
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Division of Epidemiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mary Allen Staat
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Bahakel H, Waghmare A, Madan RP. Impact of Respiratory Viral Infections in Transplant Recipients. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2024; 13:S39-S48. [PMID: 38417082 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) are among the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) and solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Transplant recipients remain at high risk for super imposed bacterial and fungal pneumonia, chronic graft dysfunction, and graft failure as a result of RVIs. Recent multicenter retrospective studies and prospective studies utilizing contemporary molecular diagnostic techniques have better delineated the epidemiology and outcomes of RVIs in pediatric transplant recipients and have advanced the development of preventative vaccines and treatment interventions in this population. In this review, we will define the epidemiology and outcomes of RVIs in SOT and HSCT recipients, describe the available assays for diagnosing a suspected RVI, highlight evolving management and vaccination strategies, review the risk of donor derived RVI in SOT recipients, and discuss considerations for delaying transplantation in the presence of an RVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Bahakel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alpana Waghmare
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Department of Infectious Diseases, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rebecca Pellet Madan
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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