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Uzelac T, Takić M, Stevanović V, Vidović N, Pantović A, Jovanović P, Jovanović V. The Potential Benefits of Acute Aronia Juice Supplementation on Physical Activity Induced Alterations of the Serum Protein Profiles in Recreational Runners: A Pilot Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1276. [PMID: 38998811 PMCID: PMC11240927 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12131276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Intensive physical activity (PA) can lead to proteinuria and, consequently, serum protein profiles in athletes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute aronia juice consumption before a simulated half-marathon race on serum protein profiles in recreational runners. The pilot study was designed as a single-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, with 10 male participants who consumed aronia juice (containing 1.3 g polyphenols) or placebo before the race. The blood levels of total proteins, albumin, the non-albumin fractions gamma, beta, alpha2 and alpha1, as well as renal function parameters, were determined before and 15 min, 1 h and 24 h after the race. The significant changes in urea, creatinine and uric acid levels were noticed at selected time points in both groups. In the placebo group, a significant decrease in total proteins (p < 0.05) was observed 24 h after the race, along with an increase in gamma fraction abundance (p < 0.05). In addition, urea and uric acid levels returned to baseline only in the aronia group 24 h after the race. Thus, according to the results obtained, acute aronia juice supplementation before intensive PA could influence the transient change in renal function and PA-induced protein loss in recreational runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Uzelac
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Takić
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuškog 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vuk Stevanović
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuškog 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena Vidović
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuškog 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Pantović
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuškog 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Petar Jovanović
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuškog 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Jovanović
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Jesuthasan A, Ali A, Lee JKW, Rutherfurd-Markwick K. Assessment of Changes in Physiological Markers in Different Body Fluids at Rest and after Exercise. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214685. [PMID: 36364948 PMCID: PMC9654217 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological and biological markers in different body fluids are used to measure the body’s physiological or pathological status. In the field of sports and exercise medicine, the use of these markers has recently become more popular for monitoring an athlete’s training response and assessing the immediate or long-term effects of exercise. Although the effect of exercise on different physiological markers using various body fluids is well substantiated, no article has undertaken a review across multiple body fluids such as blood, saliva, urine and sweat. This narrative review aims to assess various physiological markers in blood, urine and saliva, at rest and after exercise and examines physiological marker levels obtained across similar studies, with a focus on the population and study methodology used. Literature searches were conducted using PRISMA guidelines for keywords such as exercise, physical activity, serum, sweat, urine, and biomarkers, resulting in an analysis of 15 studies for this review paper. When comparing the effects of exercise on physiological markers across different body fluids (blood, urine, and saliva), the changes detected were generally in the same direction. However, the extent of the change varied, potentially as a result of the type and duration of exercise, the sample population and subject numbers, fitness levels, and/or dietary intake. In addition, none of the studies used solely female participants; instead, including males only or both male and female subjects together. The results of some physiological markers are sex-dependent. Therefore, to better understand how the levels of these biomarkers change in relation to exercise and performance, the sex of the participants should also be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalini Jesuthasan
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
| | - Ajmol Ali
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
- Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
| | - Jason Kai Wei Lee
- Heat Resilience and Performance Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Kay Rutherfurd-Markwick
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
- Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-9-213-6646
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Personalized medicine in diabetic kidney disease: a novel approach to improve trial design and patient outcomes. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2019; 27:426-432. [PMID: 30095480 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the last decade many attempts have been made to reduce the high residual risk of end-stage kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetic kidney disease by targeting a variety of risk markers. Subsequent analyses revealed that the variation in individual drug response to the tested interventions partly explains why these trials did not result in additional kidney or cardiovascular protection. This review summarizes recent insights regarding individual variation in drug response. Additionally, we explore novel approaches to incorporate this drug response variability in the design of new clinical trials. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies suggest that a plausible explanation for individual therapy resistance emanates from intrinsic individual characteristics such as genetic make-up or volume status and is likely only partially explained by drug characteristics such as the dose or type of intervention. Biomarker-based enrichment strategies to identify high-risk individuals and/or those who are more likely to respond to interventions offer opportunities to tailor therapies to individual patients. SUMMARY Individual drug response variability is a recognized phenomenon in clinical practice. It is time to implement novel approaches that take into account this response variability in the design of new trials in diabetic kidney disease in order to define optimal therapies for individual patients.
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Yasuda N, Ruby BC. Assessment of urinary protein composition in response to consecutive days of wildland firefighting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2018; 25:27-34. [PMID: 29157150 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2017.1407524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the pattern of urinary protein excretion induced by 3 consecutive days of wildland firefighting. Eighteen male active-duty military personnel served as the participants. All testing on the 3 consecutive days was conducted at a Northwestern USA fire camp. All participants consumed military-based foods containing 2620-2864 kcal/day. The work activity was evaluated with an accelerometer in association with body weight and hydration markers over the experimental period. Urinary samples were collected pre and post workshift on days 1 and 3 to assess glomerular and tubular protein excretion (total protein, albumin, β2-microglobulin, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase and creatinine). The urinary levels of glomerular and tubular protein were not significantly different. The main findings of the present study indicate that similar alterations of urinary protein composition can be observed over consecutive days of wildland firefighting, which appears to be dependent on intensity rather than total work output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Yasuda
- a Montana Center for Work Physiology and Exercise Metabolism , The University of Montana , USA
| | - Brent C Ruby
- a Montana Center for Work Physiology and Exercise Metabolism , The University of Montana , USA
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Petrykiv SI, de Zeeuw D, Persson F, Rossing P, Gansevoort RT, Laverman GD, Heerspink HJL. Variability in response to albuminuria-lowering drugs: true or random? Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 83:1197-1204. [PMID: 28002889 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Albuminuria-lowering drugs have shown different effect size in different individuals. Since urine albumin levels are known to vary considerably from day-to-day, we questioned whether the between-individual variability in albuminuria response after therapy initiation reflects a random variability or a true response variation to treatment. In addition, we questioned whether the response variability is drug dependent. METHODS To determine whether the response to treatment is random or a true drug response, we correlated in six clinical trials the change in albuminuria during placebo or active treatment (on-treatment) with the change in albuminuria during wash-out (off-treatment). If these responses correlate during active treatment, it suggests that at least part of the response variability can be attributed to drug response variability. We tested this for enalapril, losartan, aliskiren, atrasentan and paricalcitol. RESULTS No correlation between the on- and off-treatment albuminuria change was observed in the placebo arm of all clinical trials (R2 < 0.01). However, we observed significant associations between the on- and off-treatment response (R2 0.14 to 0.57; all P < 0.015) for different albuminuria lowering drugs. Additionally, the albuminuria responses strongly correlated when the same individual was re-exposed to the same drug at the same dose: lisinopril 10 mg day-1 (R2 = 53%; P < 0.01), losartan 50 mg day-1 (R2 = 63%; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The degree of albuminuria lowering with antialbuminuric drugs varies between patients. This variability in response appears drug-class independent. Identifying which factors determine this initial short-term variation in drug response appears important since the degree of albuminuria lowering is related to subsequent long-term renoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei I Petrykiv
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dick de Zeeuw
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.,NNF Center for Basic and Metabolic Research, Copenhagen University, Denmark.,HEALTH, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Department of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hiddo J L Heerspink
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Mosconi G, Angelini M, Balzi W, Totti V, Roi G, Cappuccilli M, Tonioli M, Storani D, Trerotola M, Costa A. Can Solid-Organ–Transplanted Patients Perform a Cycling Marathon? Trends in Kidney Function Parameters in Comparison With Healthy Subjects. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:415-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Gonçalves LGC, Aquino RLDQTD, Puggina EF. Long distance run induced hydration and kidney function changes in marathoners. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742015000300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of the study was to verify the hydration status and the kidney function in marathoners during the training season and after a marathon race. Nine male runners were investigated during 12 weeks of training. Urine was collected in four moments; in the beginning (C1) and during (C2) the training program, before (C3) and after (C4) the competition. Urine pH was measured using reagent tapes, urine density with a refractometer, protein excretion by Bradford assay and erythrocytes and leucocytes by microscopy. Changes were observed when C-4 was compared to the other collection times for all variables investigated. It is possible to conclude that physical exertion induced important changes in the hydration status and glomerular membrane selectivity to macromolecules, modifying the kidney function of the marathoners in C4.
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Puggina EF, Machado DRL, Tourinho Filho H, Barbanti VJ. Half-ironman induces changes in the kidney function of triathletes. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2014; 86:429-36. [PMID: 24676178 DOI: 10.1590/0001-37652014112912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Long duration exercise may lead to the occurrence of urine abnormalities. Aiming to investigate the effects of triathlon training and competition on the renal function, twelve male triathletes (32.60 ± 5.10 years, 175.04 ± 6.67m, 71.83 ± 7.42Kg) were studied during the 12-week training protocol and after a Half Ironman. Urine was collected in M-1 - beginning of the training season, M-2 - before the competition and M-3 - after the half ironman. Urine pH was measured using reagent strips, density with a refractometer, proteinuria by Bradford assay, creatinine with a colorimetric assay and blood cells by microscopy. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test, One-Way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test (p < 0,05). Changes were found after the competition in the protein (M-1= 7.41 ± 2.48; M-2= 7.57 ± 3.74; M-3= 86.10 ± 76.21 mg/mL), creatinine (M-1= 157.66 ± 41.59; M-2= 177.68 ± 44.46; M-3= 316.46 ± 132.86 mg/mL), erythrocytes (M-1= 1060.00 ± 0.30; M-2= 1142.86 ± 377.96; M-3= 52555.56 ± 58.65 units/mL) and leucocytes (M-1= 2375.00 ± 744.02; M-2= 2090.00 ± 0.50; M-3= 5000.00 ± 2738.60 units/mL) excretion when compared to the other collection times. These effects are probably due to the exercise-induced modifications in the glomerular membrane and endocrine variables such as anti diuretic hormone, catecholamines and aldosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico F Puggina
- Escola de Educacao Fisica e Esporte de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Dalmo R L Machado
- Escola de Educacao Fisica e Esporte de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Hugo Tourinho Filho
- Escola de Educacao Fisica e Esporte de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Valdir J Barbanti
- Escola de Educacao Fisica e Esporte de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brasil
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Kiss A, Jacquet AL, Paisse O, Flament-Waton MM, de Ceaurriz J, Bordes C, Gauvrit JY, Lantéri P, Cren-Olivé C. Urinary signature of anabolic steroids and glucocorticoids in humans by LC–MS. Talanta 2011; 83:1769-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Revised: 10/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lönnberg M, Dehnes Y, Drevin M, Garle M, Lamon S, Leuenberger N, Quach T, Carlsson J. Rapid affinity purification of erythropoietin from biological samples using disposable monoliths. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:7031-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Miller WG, Bruns DE, Hortin GL, Sandberg S, Aakre KM, McQueen MJ, Itoh Y, Lieske JC, Seccombe DW, Jones G, Bunk DM, Curhan GC, Narva AS. Current issues in measurement and reporting of urinary albumin excretion. Clin Chem 2008; 55:24-38. [PMID: 19028824 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2008.106567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary excretion of albumin indicates kidney damage and is recognized as a risk factor for progression of kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. The role of urinary albumin measurements has focused attention on the clinical need for accurate and clearly reported results. The National Kidney Disease Education Program and the IFCC convened a conference to assess the current state of preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical issues affecting urine albumin measurements and to identify areas needing improvement. CONTENT The chemistry of albumin in urine is incompletely understood. Current guidelines recommend the use of the albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) as a surrogate for the error-prone collection of timed urine samples. Although ACR results are affected by patient preparation and time of day of sample collection, neither is standardized. Considerable intermethod differences have been reported for both albumin and creatinine measurement, but trueness is unknown because there are no reference measurement procedures for albumin and no reference materials for either analyte in urine. The recommended reference intervals for the ACR do not take into account the large intergroup differences in creatinine excretion (e.g., related to differences in age, sex, and ethnicity) nor the continuous increase in risk related to albumin excretion. DISCUSSION Clinical needs have been identified for standardization of (a) urine collection methods, (b) urine albumin and creatinine measurements based on a complete reference system, (c) reporting of test results, and (d) reference intervals for the ACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Greg Miller
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Kramer BK, Muller R, Kammerl MC, Barner C, Stubanus M, Lackner KJ, Fischereder M. Effects of fluid intake on urinary protein excretion and haematuria during and after a 25-km march. Nephrology (Carlton) 2002. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1797.2002.00106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tassi C, Mancuso F, Gambelunghe C, Rufini S, Feligioni L, Biondi R, Rossi R, Capodicasa E. Beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity and isoenzyme profile in the kidney and urine of trained rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2001; 23:573-83. [PMID: 11792016 DOI: 10.1081/iph-100108603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes play an important role in the immune system functioning and are involved in different aspects of inflammatory reaction, repair processes and tissue damage at various levels. Among various effects, it is known that physical exercise influences the release of different lysosomal components. The aim of this study was to evaluate enzyme activity and isoenzymatic profile of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase both in kidney and urine of normal and trained rats. Enzyme activity was measured by fluorimetric assay while beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase isoenzymes were separated using DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Hexosaminidase specific activity was significantly increased in urine of trained rats whereas there was no increase in the kidneys of trained rats. Indeed, no significant differences were observed in the isoenzyme profile of kidney and urine extracts from normal and trained rats. Our findings suggest the exercise-induced release of lysosomal enzymes is a functional effect and not due to disruption of lysosomal membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche e Biotecnologie Molecolari, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Italy
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Robertshaw M, Cheung CK, Fairly I, Swaminathan R. Protein excretion after prolonged exercise. Ann Clin Biochem 1993; 30 ( Pt 1):34-7. [PMID: 8434865 DOI: 10.1177/000456329303000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Random urine samples were obtained from 16 healthy subjects (nine men and seven women) before and after a 100 Km hill walk for the estimation of total protein, albumin, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG), retinol binding protein (RBP) and creatinine. The excretion of total protein, albumin and NAG (expressed in relation to creatinine excretion) increased significantly after the walk. The relative clearance of protein and albumin also increased. In four subjects serial measurements were made for 4 days and the excretion of albumin and NAG on the fourth day were similar to the pre-walk values. We conclude that proteinuria of prolonged exercise is at least partly due to reduced tubular reabsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Robertshaw
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Chinese University of Hong Kong
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