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Maeda T, Yamamoto S. Drone Observation for the Quantitative Study of Complex Multilevel Societies. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1911. [PMID: 37370421 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) have recently been used in various behavioral ecology studies. However, their application has been limited to single groups, and most studies have not implemented individual identification. A multilevel society refers to a social structure in which small stable "core units" gather and make a larger, multiple-unit group. Here, we introduce recent applications of drone technology and individual identification to complex social structures involving multiple groups, such as multilevel societies. Drones made it possible to obtain the identification, accurate positioning, or movement of more than a hundred individuals in a multilevel social group. In addition, in multilevel social groups, drones facilitate the observation of heterogeneous spatial positioning patterns and mechanisms of behavioral propagation, which are different from those in a single-level group. Such findings may contribute to the quantitative definition and assessment of multilevel societies and enhance our understanding of mechanisms of multiple group aggregation. The application of drones to various species may resolve various questions related to multilevel societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamao Maeda
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8203, Japan
- Research Center for Integrative Evolutionary Science, The Graduate University of Advanced Science (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Institute of Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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King AJ, Portugal SJ, Strömbom D, Mann RP, Carrillo JA, Kalise D, de Croon G, Barnett H, Scerri P, Groß R, Chadwick DR, Papadopoulou M. Biologically inspired herding of animal groups by robots. Methods Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. King
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering Swansea University Swansea UK
| | - Steven J. Portugal
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences Royal Holloway University of London Egham UK
| | - Daniel Strömbom
- Department of Biology Lafayette College Easton Pennsylvania USA
| | - Richard P. Mann
- Department of Statistics, School of Mathematics University of Leeds Leeds UK
| | | | - Dante Kalise
- Department of Mathematics Imperial College London London UK
| | - Guido de Croon
- Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands
| | - Heather Barnett
- Central Saint Martins University of the Arts London London UK
| | - Paul Scerri
- Perceptronics Solutions Los Angeles California USA
| | - Roderich Groß
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - David R. Chadwick
- Environment Centre Wales, School of Natural Sciences Bangor University Bangor UK
| | - Marina Papadopoulou
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering Swansea University Swansea UK
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Kuhlmann K, Fontaine A, Brisson‐Curadeau É, Bird DM, Elliott KH. Miniaturization eliminates detectable impacts of drones on bat activity. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Kuhlmann
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University Montréal Canada
| | - Amélie Fontaine
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University Montréal Canada
| | | | - David M. Bird
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University Montréal Canada
| | - Kyle H. Elliott
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University Montréal Canada
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Pandit MM, Eapen J, Pineda-Sabillon G, Caulfield ME, Moreno A, Wilhelm J, Ruyle JE, Bridge ES, Proppe DS. Anthropogenic noise alters parental behavior and nestling developmental patterns, but not fledging condition. Behav Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise is a ubiquitous feature of the American landscape, and is a known stressor for many bird species, leading to negative effects in behavior, physiology, reproduction, and ultimately fitness. While a number of studies have examined how anthropogenic noise affects avian fitness, there are few that simultaneously examine how anthropogenic noise impacts the relationship between parental care behavior and nestling fitness. We conducted Brownian noise playbacks for 6 h a day during the nesting cycle on Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis) nest boxes to investigate if experimentally elevated noise affected parental care behavior, nestling body conditions, and nestling stress indices. We documented nest attendance by adult females using radio frequency identification (RFID), and we assessed nestling stress by measuring baseline corticosterone levels and telomere lengths. Based on the RFID data collected during individual brood cycles, adult bluebirds exposed to noise had significantly higher feeding rates earlier in the brood cycle than adults in the control group, but reduced feeding rates later in the cycle. Nestlings exposed to noise had higher body conditions than the control nestlings at 11 days of age, but conditions equalized between treatments by day 14. We found no differences in nestling baseline corticosterone levels or nestling telomere lengths between the two treatment groups. Our results revealed that noise altered adult behavior, which corresponded with altered nestling body condition. However, the absence of indicators of longer-term effects of noise on offspring suggests adult behavior may have been a short-term response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meelyn Mayank Pandit
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Biological Survey, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - James Eapen
- Biology Department, Calvin University, SE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | | | - Margaret E Caulfield
- Biology Department, Calvin University, SE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- MSU College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids Research Center, The Department of Translational Neuroscience, NW, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Alexander Moreno
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Advanced Radar Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Jay Wilhelm
- Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Stocker Center, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Jessica E Ruyle
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Advanced Radar Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Eli S Bridge
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Biological Survey, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Darren S Proppe
- Biology Department, Calvin University, SE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Wild Basin Creative Research Center, Austin, TX, USA
- School of Natural Sciences, St. Edwards University, Austin, TX, USA
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