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Zangara MT, Ponti AK, Miller ND, Engelhart MJ, Ahern PP, Sangwan N, McDonald C. Maltodextrin Consumption Impairs the Intestinal Mucus Barrier and Accelerates Colitis Through Direct Actions on the Epithelium. Front Immunol 2022; 13:841188. [PMID: 35359925 PMCID: PMC8963984 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Food additives are common components of processed foods consumed in a Western diet. In inflammatory bowel disease patients, some diets that exclude food additives improved clinical disease parameters, suggesting a link between food additives and disease pathogenesis. Food additives also enhanced disease severity in mouse colitis models through incompletely described mechanisms. This study examined the mechanisms by which the food additive maltodextrin (MDX) alters the development of colitis in a murine model. Interleukin-10 knockout (IL10KO) mice were fed diets supplemented with MDX or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to determine their impact on colitis onset and severity; microbiome composition, function, and location; colonic immune cell infiltrates; and mucus layer integrity. Primary IL10KO colonic epithelial monolayers were used to dissect the impact of MDX directly on epithelial differentiation and mucus production. MDX or CMC consumption increased the incidence and severity of colitis, as well as decreased microbiome diversity, altered microbial composition, and decreased fecal acetic acid levels. The number of mucus producing cells were decreased in food additive fed mice and resulted in increased microbial proximity to the intestinal epithelium. Additionally, MDX supplementation resulted in crypt hyperplasia and expansion of the HopX+ injury renewal stem cell niche. In primary intestinal epithelial-derived monolayers devoid of microbes and immune cells, MDX exposure decreased goblet cell number and mucus production in association with downregulated expression of the transcription factor Klf4, a marker of terminally differentiated goblet cells. These results suggest MDX disrupts the balance of epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation to contribute to disease pathogenesis through direct and indirect actions on the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan T. Zangara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - András K. Ponti
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Noah D. Miller
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biology, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH, United States
| | - Morgan J. Engelhart
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Philip P. Ahern
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Naseer Sangwan
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Microbiome Composition and Analytics Cores, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Christine McDonald
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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