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Genetic Variations and Expansion of the Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus pelagicus) in Southeast Asia. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10081071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Blue swimmer crabs (Portunus pelagicus) primarily inhabit the coastal regions of Southeast Asia. This study aimed to examine their population genetic structure, phylogeography, and historical demography by applying partial sequences to the control region in the mitochondrial DNA. The analysis focused on 6 populations comprising 166 individual samples collected from Taiwan (Kezailiao Kaohsiung (KK) and Penghu (PH)), mainland China (Xiamen (XM) and Hong Kong (HK)), Vietnam (Hanoi (VN)), and Singapore (SGP). The estimated nucleotide diversity (π) for all of the samples was 0.062, with values ranging between 0.018 (PH) and 0.045 (HK). Our study collected 116 haplotypes and classified them into lineages A and B. The XM, HK, VN, and SGP populations made up lineage A, and the PH and KK populations comprised lineage B. For each lineage, the results highlighted indications of demographic expansion. Lineage A can be traced back to the second-to-last interglacial period, while lineage B possibly originated in the last glacial period. There were significant differences in the FST values among the six populations, except for the pairs HK–XM and PH–KK. In conclusion, the phylogeography and genetic structure of P. pelagicus in Southeast Asia were potentially affected by the Pleistocene glacial cycles and human introduction. These findings further highlight the possible dispersal routes of P. pelagicus throughout Southeast Asia.
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Phylogeography and Genetic Structure of the Swimming Crabs Portunus sanguinolentus (Herbst, 1783) in East Asia. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The three-spot swimming crab (Portunus sanguinolentus) is mainly distributed in South East Asia. An analysis of mitochondrial control region partial sequences allows us to determine the population genetic structure, phylogeography and historical demography of this species in East Asia. The seven populations, which included 110 individuals, were collected from mainland China (Shanghai, SH, Xiamen, XM and Hong Kong, HK), Taiwan (Yilan, YL, Taichung, TC, Donggang, DG) and Singapore (Singapore, SGP). The nucleotide diversity (π) of all individuals was 0.01149, with values ranging from 0.00372 (SGP) to 0.01345 (YL). In total, 90 haplotypes have been identified, which can be divided into two major lineages: lineage A consists of specimens from SH, YL, XM, TC and DG, and lineage B corresponds to specimen from SGP. From the second to the most recent interglacial period, population expansion was observed in each lineage. However, a low level of genetic differentiation was also observed in the three-spotted swimming crab, P. sanguinolentus, according to FST values. Our results suggest that several past and present habitat configurations have shaped the genetic patterns of P. sanguinolentus until now. During Pleistocene glaciations, when sea levels were low, this species may have moved along the coast from Southeast Asia to China. It first colonized the Hong Kong area during this era. After sea levels rose and shorelines receded, it subsequently spread to the coast of mainland China.
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Zhao Z, Yang L, Long J, Chang Z, Zhou Z, Zhi Y, Yang L, Li H, Sui Y, Gong N, Wang X, Chen X. Endemism Patterns of Planthoppers (Fulgoroidea) in China. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.683722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on endemism are always of high interest in biogeography and contribute to better understanding of the evolution of species and making conservation plans. The present study aimed to investigate the endemism patterns of planthoppers in China by delimiting centers of endemism and areas of endemism. We collected 6,907 spatial distribution records for 860 endemic planthopper species from various resources. Centers of endemism were identified using weighted endemism values at 1° grid size. Parsimony analysis of endemicity and endemicity analysis were employed to detect areas of endemism at 1°, 1.5°, and 2° grid sizes. Six centers of endemism located in mountainous areas were identified: Taiwan Island, Hainan Island, eastern Yungui Plateau, Wuyi Mountains, western Qinling Mountains, and western Yunnan. We also delimited six areas of endemism, which were generally consistent with centers of endemism. Our findings demonstrated that mountainous areas have an essential role in facilitating the high level of endemism and formation of areas of endemism in planthoppers through the combined effects of complex topography, a long-term stable environment, and geological events. Dispersal ability and distribution of host plants also have important effects on the patterns of planthoppers’ endemism.
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Hwang CC, Zhou WC, Ger MJ, Guo Y, Qian ZX, Wang YC, Tsai CL, Wu SP. Biogeography of land snail genus Acusta (Gastropoda: Camaenidae): Diversification on East Asian islands. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 155:106999. [PMID: 33130300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
East Asia has highly diverse and endemic biota due to its complex geological and climatic history and its diversified topography. The continental and insular distributions of land snail genus Acusta in East Asia provide a good opportunity to compare the evolutionary processes in this group under different biogeographical conditions. In this study, we inferred the evolutionary history of the land snail genus Acusta by a molecular phylogeny and investigated how the palaeogeographic events shaped species diversity and the distribution of the Acusta genus within the island arc. A concatenated dataset generated from sequences of one nuclear (ITS2) and two mitochondrial (16S, COI) gene fragments, include most of nominal taxa of the genus, four related species and one outgroup. We constructed the phylogeny and the evolutionary history of the genus through maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference methods, using a Bayesian molecular clock and ancestral range estimation. Our results suggested that currently recognized species in Acusta are polyphyletic. The traditionally accepted concept of the affinity of Acusta and Bradybaena is not supported. The hypothesis of colonization via land bridges during the Pleistocene glaciations for the biota of East Asian islands is not supported. Instead, the origin and diversification of the genus Acusta was dated to the late Miocene-Pliocene from an area around North and Northeast China to South China and East Asian islands Three major evolutionary lineages were identified. Two of the major lineages demonstrate distinct evolutionary histories, as sympatric speciation is the major speciation process for the continental clade, while the insular clade originated from founder events. Taiwan functioned as an important source of diversification for species on the East Asian islands possibly through passive dispersal of different mechanisms. The sea level fluctuations caused by the Pleistocene glacial cycles play a role in the subsequent dispersion and diversification of species of the continental clade, such as the more recent range expansion of A. redfieldi from South China to Taiwan and Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chi Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molluscan Quarantine and Identification of AQSIQ, Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mang-Jye Ger
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yunhai Guo
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou-Xing Qian
- Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yen-Chieh Wang
- Department of Bioresources, Dayeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Li Tsai
- Endemic Species Research Institute, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Wu
- Department of Earth and Life Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zhang HH, Wang WL, Yu Q, Xing DH, Xu ZB, Duan K, Zhu JQ, Zhang X, Li YP, Hu SJ. Spatial Distribution of Pollinating Butterflies in Yunnan Province, Southwest China with Resource Conservation Implications. INSECTS 2020; 11:E525. [PMID: 32806576 PMCID: PMC7469173 DOI: 10.3390/insects11080525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pollinating butterflies are an important asset to agriculture, which still depends on wild resources. Yunnan Province in Southwest China is a region with typical montane agriculture, but this resource is poorly investigated. From literature reference and specimen examination, the present study identified 554 species of pollinating butterflies (50.8% of the total butterflies) from Yunnan, with family Nymphalidae possessing the least number of pollinators (80 species, 16.0%), while the remaining four families are pollinator-rich (>73%). Tropical lowlands and mountain-valley areas possess higher species richness than those with plain terrains. The species richness of pollinating butterflies in Yunnan does not simply decline with the increase of latitude, nor is significantly different between West and East Yunnan. Zonation of pollinating butterflies using the parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE) identified nine distribution zones and ten subzones. Most areas of endemism (AOE) are found in lowlands or mountain-valley areas, complexity of terrains, climates, and vegetation types are believed to be the main causes of such endemicity. The potential pollinating service of these butterflies could be great to montane agriculture with expanding areas of cash crops and fruit horticulture. Conservation strategies for pollinating butterflies may consist of preserving habitats and establishing butterfly-friendly agriculture based on local traditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hong Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (H.-H.Z.); (Q.Y.); (D.-H.X.); (Z.-B.X.); (K.D.)
| | - Wen-Ling Wang
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China;
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qi Yu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (H.-H.Z.); (Q.Y.); (D.-H.X.); (Z.-B.X.); (K.D.)
| | - Dong-Hui Xing
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (H.-H.Z.); (Q.Y.); (D.-H.X.); (Z.-B.X.); (K.D.)
| | - Zhen-Bang Xu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (H.-H.Z.); (Q.Y.); (D.-H.X.); (Z.-B.X.); (K.D.)
| | - Kuang Duan
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (H.-H.Z.); (Q.Y.); (D.-H.X.); (Z.-B.X.); (K.D.)
| | | | - Xin Zhang
- Kunming Youning Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kunming 650051, China;
| | - Yong-Ping Li
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (H.-H.Z.); (Q.Y.); (D.-H.X.); (Z.-B.X.); (K.D.)
| | - Shao-Ji Hu
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China;
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
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