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Tsuge A, Chiba S, Yagura Y, Okamoto M, Muto S, Hisaka S, Nose M. Hochuekkito exerts the anti-allergic effects via activating regulatory T cells in a murine model of contact hypersensitivity. J Nat Med 2023; 77:352-362. [PMID: 36735163 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hochuekkito (HET) is a Kampo prescription, used for the clinical treatment of skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), in Japan. Oral administration of HET exerts anti-allergic effects in an experimental dermatitis mice model and in patients with atopic dermatitis; however, the mechanism underlying the anti-allergic effects of HET is still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the immunopharmacological properties of the anti-allergic actions of HET using a 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced murine contact hypersensitivity (CHS) model and adoptive cell transfer experiments. Oral administration of HET (1.4 g/kg) exhibited anti-allergic effects in a TNCB-induced CHS model via activation of Tregs; this activation was observed even without antigen sensitization in donor mice. Activation was dependent on the duration of HET administration and required at least 4 days of dosing. In addition, the anti-allergic effects of HET through the activation of Tregs were not antigen specific. Flow cytometry results indicated that the proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells in the splenic lymphocytes increased after oral administration of HET. Therefore, oral administration of HET induced both inducible regulatory T cells (iTregs) and thymus-derived naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTregs). Ginseng radix and Bupleuri radix were involved in the anti-allergic actions of HET through the induction and/or activation of Tregs; Bupleuri radix participated in the activation of nTregs. In conclusion, our findings suggest that HET exerts the anti-allergic effects through the induction and/or activation of Tregs. These findings elucidate the usefulness of HET as an immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tsuge
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Chiba
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Yui Yagura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Mari Okamoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Satoshi Muto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hisaka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Nose
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8503, Japan.
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Radwan H, Hasan H, Hamadeh R, Hashim M, AbdulWahid Z, Hassanzadeh Gerashi M, Al Hilali M, Naja F. Complementary and alternative medicine use among patients with type 2 diabetes living in the United Arab Emirates. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:216. [PMID: 32650773 PMCID: PMC7350641 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients is increasing to manage the complexities of their condition, enhance their health, and ease complications. The burden of T2DM in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) coupled with the high prevalence of CAM use and its associated risks among patients with T2DM necessitated the investigation of the use of CAM by this patients' population. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence, types, and correlates of CAM use among T2DM patients in the UAE. METHODS Patients with T2DM attending the outpatient clinics in the two governmental hospitals in Dubai and Sharjah, UAE were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with participants to complete a multi-component questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised of three main sections: demographic data, diabetes-related information, and CAM use details. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate logistic regression to assess the prevalence and correlates of CAM use. RESULTS Two hundred forty-four T2DM patients completed the questionnaire (response rate: 80%). A total of 39.3% of participants were CAM users since diagnosis. After adjustment; the logistic regression results showed that CAM use was significantly associated with age, sex, education, employment, and having health insurance. The most commonly used type of CAM by participants were folk foods and herbs followed by spiritual and natural healing and vitamins and minerals supplements. The majority of CAM users were referred or encouraged to use CAM by family (42.7%), friends (25%) or social media (17.7%). Only 13.5% of participants used CAM because it was suggested by health care practitioners. Only 1 in four of CAM users disclosed CAM use to their treating physician. CONCLUSION CAM use among T2DM patients in the UAE is considerably high. Health policy and decision-makers are encouraged to dedicate particular attention to facilitating proper regulation and integration of CAM within conventional medicine to protect the health and wellbeing of patients. A concerted effort by medical schools and public health authorities should be committed to educating health care providers and patients on the safe and effective use of CAM therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadia Radwan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rena Hamadeh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mona Hashim
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zeenat AbdulWahid
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Al Qassimi Hospital-Ministry of Health and Prevention, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahboobeh Hassanzadeh Gerashi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marwa Al Hilali
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Al Qassimi Hospital-Ministry of Health and Prevention, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. .,Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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3
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Solomon I, Ilie MA, Draghici C, Voiculescu VM, Căruntu C, Boda D, Zurac S. The impact of lifestyle factors on evolution of atopic dermatitis: An alternative approach. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:1078-1084. [PMID: 30679977 PMCID: PMC6327646 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease with an incompletely understood etiopathogenesis. With a significant impact on the quality of life of patients, AD has attracted the interest of many research studies aiming to investigate the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms and to identify new therapeutic pathways. Various studies have focused on psycho-immunology, emphasizing the involvement of stress, defined as a general response of the body to external or internal challenges to the AD pathology. Factors like lifestyle and leisure activities may change the behavior of immune cells in AD with a strong impact on the evolution of the disease. Moreover, the poor adherence of AD patient to standard treatment approach has led to the necessity to combine different therapies in the field of complementary and alternative medicine. Although there are still not enough data to conclude that adjuvant therapies are effective in a conventional sense, there are already promising results suggesting that alternative therapeutic strategies could be a main subject of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Solomon
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Adriana Ilie
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Biochemistry, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Draghici
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad Mihai Voiculescu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania.,Dermatology Research Laboratory, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Căruntu
- Department of Physiology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, 'Prof. N. Paulescu' National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Boda
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, 'Prof. N. Paulescu' National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sabina Zurac
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Pathology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
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Efficacy of kampo medicine in treating atopic dermatitis: an overview. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:260235. [PMID: 24639879 PMCID: PMC3930026 DOI: 10.1155/2013/260235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease with recurring episodes of itching and a chronic relapsing course. Current treatment options for AD include topical agents, such as topical corticosteroids and oral antiallergic drugs. Providing effective long-term treatment is sometimes difficult due to the chronic, relapsing nature of AD; therefore, there is a need to identify better therapeutic options with minimal side effects that are well tolerated over the variable course of the disease. Traditional herbal medicine, also known as Kampo medicine in Japan, has a long history and plays a role in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, including AD. Some Kampo medicines are useful for treating inflammatory skin diseases, and there has been increased interest in using Kampo medicine to develop new therapeutic agents for AD. Standard Kampo formulas for AD are effective in removing the symptoms of “Netsu Sho,” “Ketsu-Kyo,” “Ki-Kyo,” and “O-Ketsu.” This paper discusses the efficacy of Kampo medicines in treating AD. Knowledge of the mechanisms of action of Kampo medicines will result in greater choices of pharmacotherapeutic agents for AD.
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5
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Yanagihara S, Kobayashi H, Tamiya H, Tsuruta D, Okano Y, Takahashi K, Masaki H, Yamada T, Hasegawa S, Akamatsu H, Ishii M. Protective effect of hochuekkito, a Kampo prescription, against ultraviolet B irradiation-induced skin damage in hairless mice. J Dermatol 2013; 40:201-6. [PMID: 23294358 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A Kampo prescriptions, hochuekkito (HET) has been utilized for treating functional conditions such as general fatigue, compromised state and gastrointestinal motility disorder. Recently, HET has attracted the attention of dermatologists because of its clinically positive effects in atopic dermatitis (AD) treatment. To explain this positive effect of HET, we examined its protective ability against oxidative skin stress using a murine model. The dorsal region of 8-week-old male HR-1 hairless mice, which were raised on a HET (0%, 2% and 10%) mixed diet, was irradiated once with 70 mJ/cm(2) of ultraviolet (UV)-B light. After 4 days, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and stratum corneum water content (SCWC), were determined as a measure of degree of skin dysfunction. To estimate the amount of active oxygen generated, the stratum corneum catalase activity (SCCA) and stratum corneum carbonylated protein (SCCP) content in the tape-stripped stratum corneum samples were measured. We also measured the H(2) O(2) scavenging ability of HET, and analyzed the changes in the expression levels of several inflammation and oxidative stress-related genes in the skin of HET-fed mice. In control mice, exposure to UV-B led to significant increases in TEWL and SCCP and significant decreases in SCWC and SCCA. These UV-B-induced changes were reduced in mice administrated HET, and the reduction was HET dose-dependent. Our results suggested that HET offered a protective effect against UV-B-induced skin damage. We also found that HET had relatively low ability to scavenge H(2) O(2) , and expression level of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA decreased in HET-fed mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeto Yanagihara
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Mizawa M, Makino T, Hikiami H, Shimada Y, Shimizu T. Effectiveness of keishibukuryogan on chronic-stage lichenification associated with atopic dermatitis. ISRN DERMATOLOGY 2012; 2012:158598. [PMID: 23213558 PMCID: PMC3504367 DOI: 10.5402/2012/158598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease with recurring episodes of itching and a chronic relapsing course. Keishibukuryogan (KBG) is a traditional herbal medicine, composed of five kinds of medical plants and has been administered to patients with blood stagnation in Japan. This study investigated the effect of KBG on the disease activity in AD (n = 45) patients. AD patients were administered KBG for 4 to 6 weeks in addition to their prescribed medications. The results showed that the SCORAD index and VAS score were significantly decreased after the administration of KBG (P < 0.01). KBG also decreased the serum LDH level significantly (P < 0.01). The global assessment of the clinical response in SCORAD index showed that 88.5% of the patients with moderate improvement to excellent response (n = 26) had a high lichenification score (lichenification score ≥2 in SCORAD). On the other hand, only 42.1% of the patients with no improvement to mild improvement (n = 19) had a high lichenification score. Furthermore, long-term administration of KBG for 9-67 weeks showed a marked improvement in patients with a high lichenification score. Therefore, KBG was found to be effective against AD, particularly in cases presenting with lichenified lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Mizawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 2630, Japan
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Kumar A, Prasad R, Jogge NM, Bhojraj S, Emerson SF, Prabakar S. Herbex-kid Inhibits Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions in Mice and Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 5:289-94. [PMID: 18830458 PMCID: PMC2529394 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2006] [Accepted: 12/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Herbex-kid (HK), a polyherbal formulation was evaluated in various experimental allergic models of Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Compound 48/80 (C 48/80) has been shown to induce rat mesentery mast cell degranulation and HK (1.07, 10.75 and 107.5 mg ml−1) inhibited the mast cell degranulation in a dose dependent manner. HK (1.07, 10.75 and 107.5 mg kg−1; p.o.) showed dose-dependent protection against C 48/80 induced systemic anaphylaxis in male Balb/C mice. In active anaphylaxis model, male Wistar rats orally administered with 10.75 and 107.5 mg kg−1 of HK showed significant (P < 0.01) protection against mast cell degranulation, while in passive anaphylaxis model, only at 107.5 mg kg−1 showed significant (P < 0.01) reduction in mast cell degranulation. HK at all dose levels was able to significantly decrease the time spent in nasal rubbing in Wistar rats sensitized to ovalbumin, while only at 107.5 mg kg−1 it showed significant (P < 0.01) reduction in number of sneezes. In C 48/80-induced skin itch model, all dose levels of HK significantly (P < 0.001) decreased the time spent in itching and the number of itches. HK did not produce any significant inhibition in histamine induced contraction in guinea pig ileum. From the above findings we conclude that the HK possesses antiallergic activity mediated by reducing of the release mediators from mast cells and also by 5-HT antagonism without the involvement of histamine (H1) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, TIFAC CORE in Herbal Drugs, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund 643001 and Green Milk Concepts, Herbal Division of Apex Laboratories, Chennai 600038, India
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8
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Hijikata Y, Miyamae Y, Takatsu H, Sentoh S. Two kampo medicines, jidabokuippo and hachimijiogan alleviate sprains, bruises and arthritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 4:463-7. [PMID: 18227914 PMCID: PMC2176138 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nel105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine theory (TCM), the affected parts of sprains, bruises and arthritis are considered to be under certain conditions of TCM concept. We administered two Kampo medicines with synergistic effects to promote quick recovery from these conditions. Jidabokuippo (Zhidapuyifang in Chinese), which means ‘decoction for contusions’ is expected to remove these conditions. Hachimijiogan (Baweidihuangwan in Chinese), which translates as ‘eight-ingredient pill with Rehmannia’ is expected to restore presumed minute bone injury and regulates bone metabolism by changing such conditions based on TCM theory. We administered the two prescriptions to 10 patients (age range: 40–85 years; 1 male, 9 females) suffering from bruises, sprains, arthritis and spinal compression fracture without changing their routine intake of other drugs. Patients reported on changes in the pain of affected body parts by using the visual analog scale (VAS) before and after administration of Kampo medicine. In almost all cases, recovery began promptly after administration and the pain disappeared within ∼2 weeks. Large doses for a short time brought about much quicker recovery than small doses. Administration of a combination of two Kampo medicines, Jidabokuippo and Hachimijiogan, quickly resolved the pain of bruises, sprains, arthritis and one spinal compression fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyo Hijikata
- Toyodo Hijikata Clinic, Miyamae Clinic, Umezawa Clinic and Sentoh Clinic
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9
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Pfab F, Athanasiadis GI, Huss-Marp J, Fuqin J, Heuser B, Cifuentes L, Brockow K, Schober W, Konstantinow A, Irnich D, Behrendt H, Ring J, Ollert M. Effect of Acupuncture on Allergen-Induced Basophil Activation in Patients with Atopic Eczema:A Pilot Trial. J Altern Complement Med 2011; 17:309-14. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2009.0684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Pfab
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Georgios I. Athanasiadis
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Research Division of Molecular and Clinical Allergotoxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Huss-Marp
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | - Jiang Fuqin
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Beate Heuser
- Clinical Research Division of Molecular and Clinical Allergotoxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Liliana Cifuentes
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schober
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Dominik Irnich
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Heidrun Behrendt
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, Helmholtz Zentrum München/TUM, ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Ring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Research Division of Molecular and Clinical Allergotoxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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KOBAYASHI H, TSURUTA D, TAMIYA H, YANAGIHARA S, NAKANISHI T, MIZUNO N, ISHII M. Recalcitrant subungual verruca of a child successfully treated with combination use of traditional Japanese herbal medicines, shokenchuto and makyoyokukanto. J Dermatol 2011; 38:1193-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2011.01203.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Watanabe K, Matsuura K, Gao P, Hottenbacher L, Tokunaga H, Nishimura K, Imazu Y, Reissenweber H, Witt CM. Traditional Japanese Kampo Medicine: Clinical Research between Modernity and Traditional Medicine-The State of Research and Methodological Suggestions for the Future. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2011; 2011:513842. [PMID: 21687585 PMCID: PMC3114407 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/neq067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Japanese traditional herbal medicine, Kampo, has gradually reemerged and 148 different formulations (mainly herbal extracts) can be prescribed within the national health insurance system. The objective of this article is to introduce Kampo and to present information from previous clinical studies that tested Kampo formulae. In addition, suggestions on the design of future research will be stated. The literature search was based on a summary, up until January 2009, by the Japanese Society of Oriental Medicine and included only those trials which were also available in either Pubmed or ICHUSHI (Japan Medical Abstracts Society). We included 135 studies, half of these studies (n = 68) used a standard control and 28 a placebo control. Thirty-seven trials were published in English [all randomized controlled trials (RCTs)] and the remaining articles were in Japanese only. The sample size for most studies was small (two-third of the studies included less than 100 patients) and the overall methodological quality appeared to be low. None of the studies used Kampo diagnosis as the basis for the treatment. In order to evaluate Kampo as a whole treatment system, certain aspects should be taken into account while designing studies. RCTs are the appropriate study design to test efficacy or effectiveness; however, within the trial the treatment could be individualized according to the Kampo diagnosis. Kampo is a complex and individualized treatment with a long tradition, and it would be appropriate for further research on Kampo medicine to take this into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Watanabe
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsuura
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pengfei Gao
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lydia Hottenbacher
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, 10098 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hideaki Tokunaga
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ko Nishimura
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Imazu
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Heidrun Reissenweber
- Research Unit for Japanese Phytotherapy (Kampo), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia M. Witt
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, 10098 Berlin, Germany
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Uchi H, Tokunaga S, Mitoma C, Shibata S, Hamada N, Nakanishi Y, Kajiwara J, Yoshimura T, Furue M. A clinical trial of kampo formulae for the treatment of symptoms of yusho, a poisoning caused by dioxins and related organochlorine compounds. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:589724. [PMID: 19996156 PMCID: PMC3136710 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of traditional herbal medicines (Kampo) on the symptoms of Yusho. Yusho is a mass food poisoning that was caused by ingestion of rice oil contaminated with dioxins and related organochlorines in 1968. Patients with Yusho suffer from skin symptoms (acneform eruptions, liability to suppuration and pigmentation), respiratory symptoms (cough and expectoration of sputum), neurological symptoms (numbness and paresthesia of extremities), arthralgia and general fatigue, and no effective treatment has yet been developed. In this clinical trial, four Kampo formulae (Bakumondo-to, Keigai-rengyo-to, Gosha-jinki-gan and Hochu-ekki-to) were administered to four representative Yusho symptoms (respiratory, skin, neurological symptoms and general fatigue), respectively. Twenty-seven Yusho patients were enrolled and two formulae were administered to each patient for half-a-year each. The effectiveness of Kampo formulae was estimated by changes in the intensity of symptoms measured by a visual analogue scale (VAS) of 100 mm recorded at baseline and after administration of each formula. The influence of Kampo formulae on patients' quality of life (QOL) was also assessed by the SF-36 (NBS). Twenty-five patients completed the treatment. Bakumondo-to significantly improved respiratory symptoms as well as patients' QOL in the context of vitality, compared with other formulae. In contrast, Hochu-ekki-to impaired patients' QOL in the context of physical functioning and vitality, compared with other formulae. This study demonstrated for the first time that a Kampo formula Bakumondo-to is useful for treating respiratory symptoms caused by dioxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Uchi
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among People with Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Survey. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2010; 2011. [PMID: 20953402 PMCID: PMC2952338 DOI: 10.1155/2011/983792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 07/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Research into CAM use by people with diabetes is limited. This study explored CAM use among patients who attend diabetic clinics for followup treatment. Special attention was paid to patients' changing patterns of CAM use before and after diagnosis with Type 2 diabetes, their experience of CAM use, and their management of CAM use with conventional medicines. A retrospective cross-sectional survey (n = 326) was undertaken in three census regions in Taiwan, including metropolitan, urban, and rural areas in 2006-7 (87.4% response rate). Participants reported extensive use of CAM with conventional medicines. The prevalence of CAM use was 22.7% before and 61.0% after diagnosis with Type 2 diabetes with nutritional supplements being the most commonly used CAM before and after diagnosis. However, the disclosure rate of CAM use to healthcare professionals remained low (24.6%), and lack of knowledge about CAM ingredients was common (63.4%). Awareness of the widespread use of CAM by people with Type 2 diabetes is crucial for healthcare professionals. The self-administration of both conventional medicines and CAM without disclosure of CAM use to healthcare professionals may result in ineffective diabetes management and adverse effects. CAM information needs to be incorporated into clinical practice and patient and professional education.
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Orita K, Hiramoto K, Inoue R, Sato EF, Kobayashi H, Ishii M, Inoue M. Strong exercise stress exacerbates dermatitis in atopic model mice, NC/Nga mice, while proper exercise reduces it. Exp Dermatol 2010; 19:1067-72. [PMID: 21087324 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2010.01130.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is well known to exacerbate by stress. How the influence of exercise stress on the skin symptoms in patients with atopic dermatitis has not been clarified. The purpose of our research is to investigate how different strength of exercise stress acts on atopic dermatitis. Specific pathogen-free (SPF) and conventional NC/Nga male mice were used for the experiments. Conventional mice but not SPF group spontaneously develop dermal symptom similar to that of patients with atopic dermatitis at their age of 7 weeks. They were given two types of stress, mild (20 m/min for 60 min) or strong exercise (25 m/min for 90 min), using a treadmill four times per day. The dermal symptom of the conventional group was strongly exacerbated by strong exercise but ameliorated by mild exercise. Under the standard experimental conditions, plasma concentrations of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and substance P in conventional mice increased markedly with concomitant exacerbation of the symptom. The plasma concentrations of these proteins elevated after strong exercise but decreased after mild exercise. Under the conventional conditions, plasma levels of β-endorphin increased with time by some mechanisms enhanced by the mild exercise. These observations suggested that exercise-induced stress significantly affect the symptom of atopic dermatitis in a pivotal manner depending on the plasma levels of TGF-β, α-MSH, substance P and β-endorphin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Orita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Medical School, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
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Kobayashi H, Ishii M, Takeuchi S, Tanaka Y, Shintani T, Yamatodani A, Kusunoki T, Furue M. Efficacy and Safety of a Traditional Herbal Medicine,Hochu-ekki-toin the Long-Term Management ofKikyo(Delicate Constitution) Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A 6-Month, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2010; 7:367-73. [PMID: 18955318 PMCID: PMC2887326 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nen003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hochu-ekki-to is a traditional herbal (Kampo) medicine that has been shown to be effective for patients with Kikyo (delicate, easily fatigable, or hypersensitive) constitution. Previous case reports have suggested that this herbal drug was effective for a certain subgroup of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Hochu-ekki-to in the long-term management of Kikyo patients with AD. In this multicenter, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 91 Kikyo patients with AD were enrolled. Kikyo condition was evaluated by a questionnaire scoring system. All patients continued their ordinary treatments (topical steroids, topical tacrolimus, emollients or oral antihistamines) before and after their protocol entry. Hochu-ekki-to or placebo was orally administered twice daily for 24 weeks. The skin severity scores, total equivalent amount (TEA) of topical agents used for AD treatment, prominent efficacy (cases with skin severity score = 0 at the end of the study) rate and aggravated rate (more than 50% increase of TEA of topical agents from the beginning of the study) were monitored and evaluated. Seventy-seven out of 91 enrolled patients completed the 24-week treatment course (Hochu-ekki-to: n = 37, placebo: n = 40). The TEA of topical agents (steroids and/or tacrolimus) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the Hochu-ekki-to group than in the placebo group, although the overall skin severity scores were not statistically different. The prominent efficacy rate was 19% (7 of 37) in the Hochu-ekki-to group and 5% (2 of 40) in the placebo group (P = 0.06). The aggravated rate was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the Hochu-ekki-to group (3%; 1 of 37) than in the placebo group (18%; 7 of 39). Only mild adverse events such as nausea and diarrhea were noted in both groups without statistical difference. This placebo-controlled study demonstrates that Hochu-ekki-to is a useful adjunct to conventional treatments for AD patients with Kikyo constitution. Use of Hochu-ekki-to significantly reduces the dose of topical steroids and/or tacrolimus used for AD treatment without aggravating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kobayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Shintani
- Research Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kinki University, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamatodani
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kusunoki
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Skellchock LE. Atopic Dermatitis. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4160-2954-0.50072-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kobayashi H, Ishii M. Mind-Body, Ki (Qi) and the Skin: Commentary on Irwin's 'Shingles Immunity and Health Functioning in the Elderly: Tai Chi Chih as a Behavioral Treatment'. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2005; 2:113-116. [PMID: 15841287 PMCID: PMC1062164 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/neh071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2005] [Accepted: 01/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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