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Zhou SM, Wang F, Yan SY, Zhu ZM, Gao XF, Zhao XL. Phylogenomics and plastome evolution of Indigofera (Fabaceae). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1186598. [PMID: 37346129 PMCID: PMC10280451 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1186598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Indigofera L. is the third largest genus in Fabaceae and includes economically important species that are used for indigo dye-producing, medicinal, ornamental, and soil and water conservation. The genus is taxonomically difficult due to the high level of overlap in morphological characters of interspecies, fewer reliability states for classification, and extensive adaptive evolution. Previous characteristic-based taxonomy and nuclear ITS-based phylogenies have contributed to our understanding of Indigofera taxonomy and evolution. However, the lack of chloroplast genomic resources limits our comprehensive understanding of the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary processes of Indigofera. Methods Here, we newly assembled 18 chloroplast genomes of Indigofera. We performed a series of analyses of genome structure, nucleotide diversity, phylogenetic analysis, species pairwise Ka/Ks ratios, and positive selection analysis by combining with allied species in Papilionoideae. Results and discussion The chloroplast genomes of Indigofera exhibited highly conserved structures and ranged in size from 157,918 to 160,040 bp, containing 83 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Thirteen highly variable regions were identified, of which trnK-rbcL, ndhF-trnL, and ycf1 were considered as candidate DNA barcodes for species identification of Indigofera. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods based on complete chloroplast genome and protein-coding genes (PCGs) generated a well-resolved phylogeny of Indigofera and allied species. Indigofera monophyly was strongly supported, and four monophyletic lineages (i.e., the Pantropical, East Asian, Tethyan, and Palaeotropical clades) were resolved within the genus. The species pairwise Ka/Ks ratios showed values lower than 1, and 13 genes with significant posterior probabilities for codon sites were identified in the positive selection analysis using the branch-site model, eight of which were associated with photosynthesis. Positive selection of accD suggested that Indigofera species have experienced adaptive evolution to selection pressures imposed by their herbivores and pathogens. Our study provided insight into the structural variation of chloroplast genomes, phylogenetic relationships, and adaptive evolution in Indigofera. These results will facilitate future studies on species identification, interspecific and intraspecific delimitation, adaptive evolution, and the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Indigofera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Mao Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Si-Yuan Yan
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhang-Ming Zhu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xin-Fen Gao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
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Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Badarau IA, Petran EM, Popa DC, Caruntu A, Costache RS, Scheau C, Caruntu C, Costache DO. Kaempferol: Antimicrobial Properties, Sources, Clinical, and Traditional Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315054. [PMID: 36499380 PMCID: PMC9740324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a category of plant-derived compounds which exhibit a large number of health-related effects. One of the most well-known and studied flavonoids is kaempferol, which can be found in a wide variety of herbs and plant families. Apart from their anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects, kaempferol and its associated compounds also exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities. The development of drugs and treatment schemes based on these compounds is becoming increasingly important in the face of emerging resistance of numerous pathogens as well as complex molecular interactions between various drug therapies. In addition, many of the kaempferol-containing plants are used in traditional systems all over the world for centuries to treat numerous conditions. Due to its variety of sources and associated compounds, some molecular mechanisms of kaempferol antimicrobial activity are well known while others are still under analysis. This paper thoroughly documents the vegetal and food sources of kaempferol as well as the most recent and significant studies regarding its antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
- Orasis Acupuncture Institute, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Madalina Petran
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Children’s Hospital, 011743 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Delia Codruta Popa
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Titu Maiorescu’ University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Simona Costache
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Clinic, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N.C. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Octavian Costache
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
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Lee JY, Kim H, Moon Y, Kwak S, Kang CG, Park C, Jo J, Kim SW, Pal K, Kang DH, Kim D. Enhancement of the water solubility and antioxidant capacities of mangiferin by transglucosylation using a cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 159:110065. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gerometta E, Grondin I, Smadja J, Frederich M, Gauvin-Bialecki A. A review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Indigofera. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 253:112608. [PMID: 32004627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Indigofera is the third-largest genus in the family of Fabaceae, with approximately 750 species. It is distributed across all tropical regions. Indigofera species are widely employed in traditional medicine all around the world, against many ailments. Thus, based on these medicinal properties, various investigations have been undertaken in order to appraise the pharmacological activities and the chemical composition of these species. A recent paper provides a summary of the phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Indigofera. Consequently, this review is a continuation of this previous study by updating some data and adding information about the phylogeny and traditional uses of the genus. AIM OF THE STUDY To provide an overview of the phylogeny, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity of the genus Indigofera, and to identify the remaining gaps and thus supply a basis for further investigations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review of the literature was performed by consulting scientific databases such as 'ScienceDirect', 'PubMed', 'Google Scholar' and 'SpringerLink' and using the keyword Indigofera. RESULTS Over 60 Indigofera species are reported in traditional medicine. The uses depend on the country and the species, but similarities have been noticed. Indeed, treatments of gastrointestinal disorders, inflammatory conditions and pain, skin ailments, and respiratory and infectious diseases are recurring. Phytochemical studies have led to the identification of more than 200 compounds, notably flavonoids and terpenoids. Many pharmacological activities have been demonstrated, particularly antimicrobial, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities, and thus allowed to assert most of the traditional uses of the genus. Some active compounds have been isolated and have shown remarkable therapeutic potential, like the alkaloid indirubin, which is currently being clinically trialed. CONCLUSIONS The data on the genus Indigofera are extensive, but gaps still remain. Indeed, some promising species have not been assessed for their phytochemistry and/or pharmacology and thus remain unexplored. Moreover, relatively few active compounds have been isolated and tested for their biological activity, and studies to explain their mechanism of action are nearly inexistent. Furthermore, some pharmacological studies have inappropriate methodologies that make the results difficult to interpret. Consequently, further in-depth and relevant research is required to supplement the knowledge on this wide-ranging genus and to confirm its reported therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Gerometta
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, St Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Réunion, 97 715, France.
| | - Isabelle Grondin
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, St Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Réunion, 97 715, France.
| | - Jacqueline Smadja
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, St Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Réunion, 97 715, France.
| | - Michel Frederich
- Université de Liège, Département de Pharmacie, Centre Interfacultaire de Recherche sur le Médicament (CIRM), Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Campus du Sart-Tilman, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 15 B36, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Anne Gauvin-Bialecki
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, St Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Réunion, 97 715, France.
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Campos JKL, Araújo TFDS, Brito TGDS, da Silva APS, da Cunha RX, Martins MB, da Silva NH, dos Santos BS, da Silva CA, Lima VLDM. Indigofera suffruticosa Mill. (Anil): Plant Profile, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology Review. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2018; 2018:8168526. [PMID: 30631346 PMCID: PMC6305042 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8168526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Indigoferasuffruticosa Mill. (Fabaceae) is known as anil or anileira and also with other names, due to the production of a blue pigment, which is commonly used for yarn dyeing. It is distributed in some states of Brazil (Pernambuco, Paraíba, Mato Grosso, São Paulo, Bahia, Pará, and others) and is used in the popular medicine as a febrifuge, antispasmodic, diuretic, abortive, analgesic, purgative, or soothing agent against stomach and urinary problems, jaundice, and ulcers and also as an insecticide. In addition, I. suffruticosa can be used as animal feed. This review aimed at providing important data on the botanical, distribution, ethnopharmacology, phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicity of I. suffruticosa based on the scientific literature. Information on I. suffruticosa was gathered via the Internet (from Elsevier, NCBI, and Sci-Hub) and libraries in the period from February to March 2016. More than 40 chemical compounds have been identified and a few compounds isolated, and the main origins are the essential oils, organic extracts, and aqueous extracts of different parts of the plant. I. suffruticosa and its active compounds possess wide pharmacological actions in the literature, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidative, antitumor, antimutagenic, anticonvulsant, gastroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. Therefore, as an important traditional popular medicine, further studies on I. suffruticosa are required for the development of new drugs and therapeutics for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina K. L. Campos
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Núcleo de Ciências da Vida, Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, Laboratório Morfofuncional, Rodovia BR 104, Km 62, S/N-Nova Caruaru, Caruaru, PE 55014-908, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Tiago F. da S. Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Colegiado de Farmácia, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, S/N-Centro, Petrolina, PE 56304-917, Brazil
| | - Thaíse G. da S. Brito
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Ana P. S. da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Rebeca X. da Cunha
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Mônica B. Martins
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Nicácio H. da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Bianka S. dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Núcleo de Ciências da Vida, Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, Laboratório Morfofuncional, Rodovia BR 104, Km 62, S/N-Nova Caruaru, Caruaru, PE 55014-908, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | - César A. da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Colegiado de Medicina, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, S/N-Centro, Petrolina, PE 56304-917, Brazil
| | - Vera L. de M. Lima
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
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Fogaça MV, Cândido-Bacani PDM, Benicio LM, Zapata LM, Cardoso PDF, de Oliveira MT, Calvo TR, Varanda EA, Vilegas W, de Syllos Cólus IM. Effects of indirubin and isatin on cell viability, mutagenicity, genotoxicity and BAX/ERCC1 gene expression. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:2005-2014. [PMID: 28738722 PMCID: PMC7011876 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1354387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Indigofera suffruticosa Miller (Fabaceae) and I. truxillensis Kunth produce compounds, such as isatin (ISA) and indirubin (IRN), which possess antitumour properties. Their effects in mammalian cells are still not very well understood. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the activities of ISA and/or IRN on cell viability and apoptosis in vitro, their genotoxic potentials in vitro and in vivo, and the IRN- and ISA-induced expression of ERCC1 or BAX genes. MATERIALS AND METHODS HeLa and/or CHO-K1 cell lines were tested (3 or 24 h) in the MTT, Trypan blue exclusion, acridine orange/ethidium bromide, cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) and comet (36, 24 and 72 h) tests after treatment with IRN (0.1 to 200 μM) or ISA (0.5 to 50 μM). Gene expression was measured by RT-qPCR in HeLa cells. Swiss albino mice received IRN (3, 4 or 24 h) by gavage (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg determined from the LD50 - 1 g/kg b.w.) and submitted to comet assay in vivo. RESULTS IRN reduced the viability of CHO-K1 (24 h; 5 to 200 μM) and HeLa cells (10 to 200 μM), and was antiproliferative in the CBMN test (CHO-K1: 0.5 to 10 μM; HeLa: 5 and 10 μM). The drug did not induce apoptosis, micronucleus neither altered gene expression. IRN and ISA were genotoxic for HeLa cells (3 and 24 h) at all doses tested. IRN (100 and 150 mg/kg) also induced genotoxicity in vivo (4 h). CONCLUSION IRN and ISA have properties that make them candidates as chemotherapeutics for further pharmacological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoela Viar Fogaça
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Milanez Benicio
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Lara Martinelli Zapata
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tamara Regina Calvo
- Araraquara Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Eliana Aparecida Varanda
- Araraquara Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Araraquara Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
- Experimental Campus of the Paulista Coast, São Paulo State University, São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Domínguez F, Ruiz-Padilla AJ, Campos-Xolalpa N, Zapata-Morales JR, Carranza-Alvarez C, Maldonado-Miranda JJ. Medicinal Plants from North and Central America and the Caribbean Considered Toxic for Humans: The Other Side of the Coin. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:9439868. [PMID: 29234446 PMCID: PMC5688365 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9439868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of medicinal plants has notably increased over the past two decades. People consider herbal products as safe because of their natural origin, without taking into consideration whether these plants contain a toxic principle. This represents a serious health problem. A bibliographic search was carried out using published scientific material on native plants from Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, which describe the ethnobotanical and toxicological information of medicinal plants empirically considered to be toxic. A total of 216 medicinal plants belonging to 77 families have been reported as toxic. Of these plants, 76 had been studied, and 140 plants lacked studies regarding their toxicological effects. The toxicity of 16 plants species has been reported in clinical cases, particularly in children. From these plants, deaths have been reported with the consumption of Chenopodium ambrosioides, Argemone mexicana, and Thevetia peruviana. In most of the cases, the principle of the plant responsible for the toxicity is unknown. There is limited information about the toxicity of medicinal plants used in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. More toxicological studies are necessary to contribute information about the safe use of the medicinal plants cited in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, GTO, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Domínguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, PUE, Mexico
| | - Alan Joel Ruiz-Padilla
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, GTO, Mexico
| | - Nimsi Campos-Xolalpa
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Ramón Zapata-Morales
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, GTO, Mexico
| | - Candy Carranza-Alvarez
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria de la Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, SLP, Mexico
| | - Juan Jose Maldonado-Miranda
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria de la Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, SLP, Mexico
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Bektaş İ, Karaman Ş, Dıraz E, Çelik M. The role of natural indigo dye in alleviation of genotoxicity of sodium dithionite as a reducing agent. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2245-2255. [PMID: 27757710 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-0018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Indigo blue is a natural dye used for thousands of years by civilizations to dye fabric blue and it is naturally obtained from Isatis tinctoria. I. tinctoria is not only used for extraction of indigo blue color but also used medicinally in Traditional Chinese Medicine because of its active compounds. Sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) is used in dye bath for indigo blue extraction, but this reducing agent and its derivatives are major pollutants of textile industry and subsequently have hazardous influences on public health. Herein, the present study was designed to obtain the high yield of natural indigo dye but with low possible toxic effect. In this context, genotoxic effects of particular combinations of natural dye solutions obtained from Isatis tinctoria subsp. tomentolla with Na2S2O4 as reducing agent were investigated. Dye solutions were obtained using two different pH levels (pH 9 and 11) and three different concentrations of Na2S2O4 (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/ml). In addition to the dye solutions and reducing agent, aqueous extracts of I. tinctoria were assessed for their genotoxicity on human lymphocytes. For in vitro testing of genotoxicity, chromosomal aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and mitotic indexes (MI) assays were used. Accordingly, Na2S2O4 caused significant increases in CA and SCE as well decrease in MI but the genotoxic effects of sodium dithionite were reduced with natural indigo dye. As a result, aqueous extracts of Isatis leaves removed the toxic effects of sodium dithionite and showed anti-genotoxic effect. For the optimal and desired quality but with less toxic effects of natural dye, 2.5 mg/ml (for wool yarn) and 5 mg/ml (for cotton yarn) of Na2S2O4 doses were found to be the best doses for reduction in the dye bath at Ph 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- İdris Bektaş
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Suluova Vocational School, Amasya University, Amasya, 05000, Turkey
| | - Şengül Karaman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, University of KSU, Kahramanmaraş, 46100, Turkey.
| | - Emel Dıraz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, University of KSU, Kahramanmaraş, 46100, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çelik
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of KSU, Kahramanmaraş, 46100, Turkey
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Andreazza NL, de Lourenço CC, Stefanello MÉA, Atvars TDZ, Salvador MJ. Photodynamic antimicrobial effects of bis-indole alkaloid indigo from Indigofera truxillensis Kunth (Leguminosae). Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:1315-24. [PMID: 25764449 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant microbial infections represent an exponentially growing problem affecting communities worldwide. Photodynamic therapy is a promising treatment based on the combination of light, oxygen, and a photosensitizer that leads to reactive oxygen species production, such as superoxide (type I mechanism) and singlet oxygen (type II mechanism) that cause massive oxidative damage and consequently the host cell death. Indigofera genus has gained considerable interest due its mutagenic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic activity. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the effect of crude extracts, alkaloidal fraction, and isolated substance derived from Indigofera truxillensis in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy on the viability of bacteria and yeast and evaluation of mechanisms involved. Our results showed that all samples resulted in microbial photoactivation in subinhibitory concentration, with indigo alkaloid presenting a predominant photodynamic action through type I mechanism. The use of CaCl2 and MgCl2 as cell permeabilizing additives also increased gram-negative bacteria susceptibility to indigo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Luiza Andreazza
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, PPG BTPB e PPG BV, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil,
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Bezerra Dos Santos AT, Araújo TFDS, Nascimento da Silva LC, da Silva CB, de Oliveira AFM, Araújo JM, Correia MTDS, Lima VLDM. Organic extracts from Indigofera suffruticosa leaves have antimicrobial and synergic actions with erythromycin against Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:13. [PMID: 25699022 PMCID: PMC4313721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A characteristic feature of Staphylococcus aureus is its ability to acquire resistance to antimicrobial agents. There is a need, therefore, for new approaches to combat this pathogen; for example, employing a combination of plant-derived products and antibiotics to overcome bacterial resistance. Indigofera suffruticosa is a plant popularly used to treat infections and has verified antimicrobial action. Here, we investigate the antimicrobial activity of different extracts from I. suffruticosa against S. aureus and their synergistic effects with erythromycin. Leaves of I. suffruticosa were extracted sequentially using diethyl ether, chloroform and acetone and the antimicrobial activity of each extract then tested against nine clinical isolates of S. aureus. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by microdilution tests, while the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) was assessed by checkerboard assay. All organic solvent extracts showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus strains. The acetone extract was the most potent inhibitor of S. aureus (MIC and MBC of 0.78 and 3.12 mg/mL), followed by the chloroform extract (MIC and MBC of 3.12 and 6.25 mg/mL). Furthermore, acetone or chloroform extracts of I. suffruticosa enhanced the activity of erythromycin against S. aureus (FIC ≤ 0.5). We conclude that organic extracts from leaves of I. suffruticosa, alone or combined with erythromycin, are promising natural products for the development of new anti-S. aureus formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Thereza Bezerra Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Química e Metabolismo de Lipídios e Lipoproteínas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | - Tiago Ferreira da Silva Araújo
- Laboratório de Química e Metabolismo de Lipídios e Lipoproteínas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | - Luis Cláudio Nascimento da Silva
- Laboratório de Glicoproteínas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | - Cleideana Bezerra da Silva
- Laboratório de Química e Metabolismo de Lipídios e Lipoproteínas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | - Antonio Fernando Morais de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aplicada e Fitoquímica, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | - Janete Magali Araújo
- Laboratório de Genética de Microrganismos, Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Dos Santos Correia
- Laboratório de Glicoproteínas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia de Menezes Lima
- Laboratório de Química e Metabolismo de Lipídios e Lipoproteínas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
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Luiz-Ferreira A, Cola M, Barbastefano V, de-Faria FM, de Almeida ABA, Farias-Silva E, Calvo TR, Hiruma-Lima CA, Vilegas W, Souza-Brito ARM. Healing, antioxidant and cytoprotective properties of Indigofera truxillensis in different models of gastric ulcer in rats. Int J Mol Sci 2012. [PMID: 23203107 PMCID: PMC3509623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131114973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the antiulcerogenic activity and mechanisms of the aqueous (AqF 100 mg/kg) and ethyl acetate (AcF 50 mg/kg) fractions from Indigofera truxillensis leaves. This dose was selected to assess its activity on ulcer healing and its action on gastric acid and mucus secretion, prostaglandin production and antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSH-Rd)). Gastric ulcer was induced by absolute ethanol. Antisecretory action, mucus and prostaglandin production, healing and antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated for both fractions. AqF and AcF significantly inhibited the gastric mucosal damage caused by ethanol. This effect was statistically significant at 100 and 50 mg/kg compared with the vehicle. Neither fraction interfered with gastric secretion. AcF increased the PGE(2) production, and both fractions increased mucus production. l-NAME did not alter the gastroprotection exerted by the fractions, but N-ethylmaleimide attenuated only AcF. In the ischemia/reperfusion model both fractions inhibited the mucosal damage. AcF increased SOD, GSH-Px and GSH-Rd activity, but AqF increased only SOD and GSH-Px. In the acetic acid-induced ulcer model AcF only accelerated ulcer healing. These results showed that Indigofera truxillensis acted as a gastroprotective agent, stimulating protective factors and antioxidants enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Luiz-Ferreira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 75704-020, Catalão, Goiás, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biology Institute, Campinas University, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: (V.B.); (A.B.A.A.); (E.F.-S.); (A.R.M.S.-B.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +55-64-34415348
| | - Maira Cola
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: (M.C.); (F.M.F.)
| | - Victor Barbastefano
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biology Institute, Campinas University, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: (V.B.); (A.B.A.A.); (E.F.-S.); (A.R.M.S.-B.)
| | - Felipe Meira de-Faria
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: (M.C.); (F.M.F.)
| | - Ana Beatriz A. de Almeida
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biology Institute, Campinas University, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: (V.B.); (A.B.A.A.); (E.F.-S.); (A.R.M.S.-B.)
| | - Elisângela Farias-Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biology Institute, Campinas University, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: (V.B.); (A.B.A.A.); (E.F.-S.); (A.R.M.S.-B.)
| | - Tamara Regina Calvo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.R.C.); (W.V.)
| | - Clélia A. Hiruma-Lima
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, 18618-000, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.R.C.); (W.V.)
| | - Alba Regina M. Souza-Brito
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biology Institute, Campinas University, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: (V.B.); (A.B.A.A.); (E.F.-S.); (A.R.M.S.-B.)
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Lopes FC, Calvo TR, Colombo LL, Vilegas W, Carlos IZ. Immunostimulatory and cytotoxic activities ofIndigofera suffruticosa(Fabaceae). Nat Prod Res 2011; 25:1796-806. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.488624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Wang X, Ma A, Shi W, Geng M, Zhong X, Zhao Y. Quercetin and Bornyl Acetate Regulate T-Lymphocyte Subsets and INF-γ/IL-4 Ratio In Utero in Pregnant Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2010; 2011:745262. [PMID: 20981318 PMCID: PMC2958556 DOI: 10.1155/2011/745262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the antiabortive effects of Quercetin and Bornvl Acetate and their immunological modulation at maternal-fetal interface. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected via tail vein to induce abortion in mice which received Quercetin and Bornvl Acetate at days 4-7 of gestation. Uterine CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes and IFN-γ/IL-4 of each group (n = 10) were detected by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ increased significantly (P < .01) in the uterus of LPS-induced abortion mice. In the Quercetin and Bornvl Acetate pretreated mice followed by LPS administration, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ dropped to 0.562 ± 0.021, lower than that of LPS-abortion group (P < .01). The mean value of IFN-γ/IL-4 in LPS-treated mice was 0.310 ± 0.066, higher than that of Quercetin and Bornyl Acetate group. The results indicate that Quercetin and Bornyl Acetate have an antiabortive effect through modulation of immunological balance at maternal-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Aituan Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Wanyu Shi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Meiying Geng
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xiuhui Zhong
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yantao Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
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