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Carlos C, Gonçalves F, Villemant C, Paredes D, Salvação J, Torres L. Parasitoids of Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Douro Demarcated Region vineyards and the prospects for enhancing conservation biological control. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2022; 112:697-706. [PMID: 35514146 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485322000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The more restrictive regulations of pesticides in Europe have led to an increase in conservation biological control (CBC) research. However, little attention has been paid to the main determinants of Lobesia botrana parasitism. The Douro Demarcated Region landscape offers scope for the use of CBC. The study was conducted between 2002 and 2015 aiming at: (i) identifying parasitoids associated with L. botrana and evaluating their impact as biological control agents in each generation of the pest, and (ii) evaluating the effect of both the proportion of ecological infrastructures (EI) near the vineyards, and the impact of management practices (chemical treatments and ground cover) on the parasitism of L. botrana. A total of 3226 larvae/pupae of L. botrana were collected (15% were parasitized and 485 parasitoids emerged). A complex of 16 taxa of parasitoids was identified, the majority belonging to Hymenoptera. The most abundant were Elachertus sp. (Eulophidae), Campoplex capitator Aubert (Ichneumonidae), and Brachymeria tibialis (Walker) (Chalcididae), which represented 62.5, 12.6, and 12.0% of the total assemblage of parasitoids which emerged, respectively. The percentage of parasitism ranged from 0.0 to 61.5% (first generation), from 0.0 to 36.8% (second generation), and from 0.0 to 12.1% (third generation). Importantly, it was found that the parasitism rate was higher in vineyards with ground cover. In addition, EI in the area surrounding the vineyards produced a significant increase in parasitism. These results suggest potential for CBC of L. botrana if EI around vineyards, and ground cover with native perennial plants within vineyards, are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carlos
- Association for the Development of Viticulture in the Douro Region, ADVID, Centro de Excelência da Vinha e do Vinho Bldg., Science and Technology Park of Vila Real, Régia Douro Park, 5000-033 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fátima Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Claire Villemant
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP50, entomologie, 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Paredes
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Juliana Salvação
- UTAD/ECAV - University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Laura Torres
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Almeida AC, Carlos C, Salvação J, Ferreira AR, Oliveira I, Nave A, Torres L, Gonçalves F. A traça-da-uva, Lobesia botrana, na Região Demarcada do Douro: Efeito da sub-região, ano, geração e casta, na intensidade do ataque da praga. CIÊNCIA E TÉCNICA VITIVINÍCOLA 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/ctv/ctv20223702126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A traça-da-uva, Lobesia botrana, é praga-chave da vinha na Região Demarcada do Douro (RDD). A sua importância económica, a par da necessidade de reduzir o uso de inseticidas de síntese na vinha, conferem relevância ao desenvolvimento de estratégias de proteção contra a praga, alternativas aos meios químicos. Incluem-se nestas estratégias, a seleção das castas, as medidas culturais e a confusão sexual. O seu adequado uso obriga a um aprofundado conhecimento do comportamento do inseto em relação a diversos parâmetros biológicos. Com o presente trabalho, pretendeu-se, através da análise de dados recolhidos entre 2000 e 2019, estudar a influência, na intensidade do ataque de L. botrana, na RDD, da sub-região, ano, geração e casta. Os resultados mostraram que, a intensidade do ataque da praga: i) foi, em geral, inferior no Douro Superior, comparativamente, quer ao Cima Corgo quer ao Baixo Corgo; ii) diferiu entre anos, na dependência das condições climáticas, mas tendencialmente diminuiu ao longo dos anos; iii) na primeira geração, em geral manteve-se em valores inferiores ao nível económico de ataque, enquanto nas restantes gerações se situou entre os limites estabelecidos para o mesmo (i.e. 1 – 10% cachos atacados); iv) as castas ‘Touriga Franca’, no caso das castas tintas, e ‘Malvasia Fina’, no caso das castas brancas foram, de entre as estudadas, as tendencialmente mais atacadas.
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Schartel TE, Cooper ML, May A, Daugherty MP. Quantifying Planococcus ficus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Invasion in Northern California Vineyards to Inform Management Strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:138-148. [PMID: 33284962 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The spread and impact of invasive species in exotic ranges can be mitigated by increased understanding of pest invasion dynamics. Here, we used geospatial analyses and habitat suitability modeling to characterize the invasion of an important vineyard pest, vine mealybug (Planococcus ficus Signoret, Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), using nearly 15,000 trapping records from throughout Napa County, California, between 2012 and 2017. Spatial autocorrelation among P. ficus detections was strongest at distances of ~250 m and detectable at regional scales (up to 40 km), estimates of the rate and directionality of spread were highly idiosyncratic, and P. ficus detection hotspots were spatiotemporally dynamic. Generalized linear model, boosted regression tree, and random forest modeling methods performed well in predicting habitat suitability for P. ficus. The most important predictors of P. ficus occurrence were a positive effect of precipitation in the driest month, and negative effects of elevation and distance to nearest winery. Our results indicate that 250-m quarantine and treatment zones around P. ficus detections are likely sufficient to encompass most local establishment and spread, and that implementing localized regulatory procedures may limit inadvertent P. ficus spread via anthropogenic pathways. Finally, surveys of P. ficus presence at >300 vineyard sites validated that habitat suitability estimates were significantly and positively associated with P. ficus frequency of occurrence. Our findings indicate that habitat suitability predictions may offer a robust tool for identifying areas in the study region at risk to future P. ficus invasion and prioritizing locations for early detection and preventative management efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler E Schartel
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA
| | | | - Aubrey May
- Cooperative Extension, University of California, Napa, CA
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Pavan F, Stefanelli G, Villani A, Cargnus E. Influence of Grapevine Cultivar on the Second Generations of Lobesia botrana and Eupoecilia ambiguella. INSECTS 2018; 9:insects9010008. [PMID: 29351205 PMCID: PMC5872273 DOI: 10.3390/insects9010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Grapevine cultivar can affect susceptibility to Lobesia botrana and Eupoecilia ambiguella with important implications on control strategies. A four-year study was carried out in north-eastern Italy on 10 cultivars (Cabernet Sauvignon, Carménère, Chardonnay, Merlot, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Rhine Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Terrano, Tocai Friulano and Verduzzo Friulano) grown in the same vineyard to assess whether the cultivar affects second-generation population levels of the two vine moths and L. botrana larval age composition. The influence of bunch traits measured at the peak of egg hatching on demographic parameters was also evaluated. Over the four years, L. botrana significantly prevailed over E. ambiguella in nine cultivars. Chardonnay and Tocai Friulano were the most infested cultivars and Merlot was the least infested. At the sampling date, the age composition of L. botrana varied with cultivar, with the larvae being significantly older on Chardonnay and younger on Carménère, Merlot and Verduzzo Friulano. Older larval age was significantly associated with higher bunch compactness. Larval infestation was not significantly influenced by either bunch compactness or berry volume, which suggested a more important role for contact and volatile substances mostly originating from the berries. These results allow for the improvement of Integrated Pest Management strategy against vine moths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pavan
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 3100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Stefanelli
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell'Ambiente del Friuli Venezia Giulia, Dipartimento di Udine, via Colugna 42, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Alberto Villani
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell'Ambiente del Friuli Venezia Giulia, OSMER, via Natisone 43, 33057 Palmanova (UD), Italy.
| | - Elena Cargnus
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 3100 Udine, Italy.
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