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AlRasheed MM. Genetics of Cardiac Tumours: A Narrative Review. Heart Lung Circ 2024; 33:639-647. [PMID: 38161083 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac tumours can occur in association with genetic syndromes. Rhabdomyomas have been reported in association with tuberous sclerosis, myxomas with Carney's complex, cardiac fibromas with Gorlin syndrome, and paragangliomas with multiple endocrine neoplasm syndrome. The presentation and prognosis of cardiac tumours associated with genetic syndromes differ compared with sporadic cases. Knowledge about the associated syndromes' genetic features and extracardiac manifestations is essential for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of cardiac neoplasms. Moreover, identifying genetic mutations in benign and malignant cardiac tumours is needed to personalise management and improve treatment outcomes. Thus, this review discusses the genetic abnormalities associated with cardiac tumours, the current genetic screening recommendations, and the effect of those genetic mutations on the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha M AlRasheed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Lin Y, Xie M, Qian M, Gao L, Ji MM, Li Y. Cardiac fibroma: characteristics on echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. QJM 2022; 115:412-414. [PMID: 35260886 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lin
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - M Xie
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - M Qian
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - L Gao
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - M M Ji
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# Jiefang Ave , Wuhan, 430022, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan , 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 1277# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
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Teng F, Yang S, Chen D, Fang W, Shang J, Dong S, Cui Y, Fu W, Zhenga M, Li Y, Lian G. Cardiac fibroma: A clinicopathologic study of a series of 12 cases. Cardiovasc Pathol 2021; 56:107381. [PMID: 34433104 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2021.107381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibroma (CF) is a rare tumor that has not been widely reported. This study investigated the clinical findings, histologic features, and differential diagnosis of CF. METHODS A total of 12 CF cases were studied and reviewed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), special staining and immunohistochemical staining. The ALK gene was tested in 4 cases of cardiac fibroma with significant inflammatory cells. Clinicopathological data were retrospectively analyzed and followed up. RESULTS The cases occurred in six males and six females ranging in age from 0.5 to 55 years (median, 5 years). The tumors were grossly single and solid (1-17 cm; mean 5.6 cm). The clinical signs and symptoms depended largely on the location of the tumor. Microscopically, the CFs observed were composed of monomorphic spindle cells and abundant collagen. The spindle cells demonstrated little or no atypia. The histology of CFs in infants and young children showed some differences from those in adults. Infants and young children with fibromas exhibited cellular types with more inflammatory infiltration. All tumors expressed vimentin markers. Eleven of 12 cases (91.7%) were positive for SMA by immunohistochemistry. ALK immunostaining and ALK-FISH tests showed negative results. Follow-up information was available for all patients. The mean postoperative follow-up was at 3 years (range 2 months-8.8 years). All patients were alive with no evidence of disease. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that CFs exhibit a wide morphological spectrum of soft tissue tumors with fibroblastic or myofibroblastic differentiation and/or components. Infants and younger pediatric patients with fibromas have tumors that are more hypercellular and more likely to be misdiagnosed with aggressive or malignant lesions than adults. Finally, the data indicate that CF exhibits benign behavior and that local resection is safe and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Teng
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaomin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Shang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songbo Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yayan Cui
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Fu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Menghan Zhenga
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanwei Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Lian
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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