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Ott S, Dresen E, Lee ZY, Müller-Wirtz LM, Procopiuc L, Ekrami E, Pitts L, Hellner N, Catena D, Duerr GD, Wittmann M, Waeschle RM, Elke G, O'Brien B, Heyland DK, Stoppe C. The effect of high-dose selenium on mortality and postoperative organ dysfunction in post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock patients supported with mechanical circulatory support - A post-hoc analysis of the SUSTAIN CSX trial. J Crit Care 2024; 83:154853. [PMID: 38955117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2024.154853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiac surgery, post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCCS), and temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) provoke substantial inflammation. We therefore investigated whether a selenium-based, anti-inflammatory strategy would benefit PCCS patients treated with tMCS in a post-hoc analysis of the sustain CSX trial. METHODS Post-hoc analysis of patients receiving tMCS for PCCS in the Sustain CSX trial, which investigated the effects of high-dose selenium on postoperative organ dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients. PRIMARY OUTCOME duration of tMCS therapy. SECONDARY OUTCOMES postoperative organ dysfunction and 30-day mortality. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients were treated with tMCS for PCCS. There was no difference in the median duration of tMCS between the selenium and the placebo group (3 days [IQR: 1-6] vs. 2 days [IQR: 1-7], p = 0.52). Median dialysis duration was longer in the selenium group (1.5 days [0-21.8] vs. 0 days [0-1.8], p = 0.048). There was no difference in 30-day mortality (53% vs. 41%, OR 1.44, 95% CI 0.32-6.47, p = 0.62). CONCLUSION In this explorative study, a perioperative high-dose selenium-supplementation did not show beneficial effects on organ dysfunctions and mortality rates in patients with PCCS receiving tMCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Ott
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Outcomes Research Consortium, Department of Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA.
| | - Ellen Dresen
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Zheng Yii Lee
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lukas M Müller-Wirtz
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Department of Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA; Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, 66424 Homburg, Saarland, Germany.
| | - Livia Procopiuc
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
| | - Elyad Ekrami
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Department of Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA.
| | - Leonard Pitts
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nicolas Hellner
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
| | - Daniel Catena
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
| | - Georg Daniel Duerr
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz), 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maria Wittmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Reiner M Waeschle
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Gunnar Elke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Benjamin O'Brien
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; St Bartholomew's Hospital and Barts Heart Centre, Department of Perioperative Medicine, London, EC1A 7BE, UK.
| | - Daren K Heyland
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Christian Stoppe
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany.
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Echieh CP, Ryan A, Cherian A, Rohilla Y, Wang K, Kazui T. Preemptive Impella 5.5 insertion to reduce operative risk in high-risk cardiac surgery: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 121:109947. [PMID: 38964234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Society of thoracic surgery (STS) risk score has been used as a tool to gauge operative risk of cardiac surgery patients. High-risk patients, with STS risk score > 8 %, are considered as having prohibitive risk and are not offered surgery. There is no established strategy to minimize postoperative hemodynamic instability using mechanical circulatory support (MCS), despite growing interest in utilizing MCS prior to hemodynamic instability. The Impella 5.5 can provide enough perfusion and unload the left ventricle. CASE PRESENTATION We managed a 75-year-old male with multiple comorbidities and a presumed Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score higher than 9.8 %, who had redo coronary artery bypass grafting and aortic and mitral valve replacement with concomitant implantation of the Impella 5.5. Patient had a good recovery despite developing post-operative atrial fibrillation. DISCUSSION Impella is used as a mechanical circulatory support device in patients with cardiogenic shock. It provides forward flow and effectively unloads the left ventricle. The concomitant placement of the Impella 5.5 in high-risk cardiac candidates may be associated with reduced operative risk. CONCLUSION Placement of the device as part of surgical plan can potentially mitigate the perioperative risk by providing adequate endogean perfusion, decrease pressor support, unloading LV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidiebere Peter Echieh
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, United States of America
| | - Alex Ryan
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Abel Cherian
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Yash Rohilla
- University of Arizona College of Science, United States of America
| | - Kevin Wang
- Department of Surgery, Banner University Medical Center Tucson, United States of America
| | - Toshinobu Kazui
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Banner University Medical Center, Tucson, United States of America.
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Vale JD, Kantor E, Papin G, Sonneville R, Braham W, Para M, Montravers P, Longrois D, Provenchère S. Femoro-axillary versus femoro-femoral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory cardiogenic shock: A monocentric retrospective study. Perfusion 2024:2676591241261330. [PMID: 38867368 DOI: 10.1177/02676591241261330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE For veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), the femoral artery is the preferred cannulation site (femoro-femoral: Vf-Af). This results in retrograde aortic flow, which increases the left ventricular afterload and can lead to severe pulmonary edema and thrombosis of the cardiac chambers. Right axillary artery cannulation (femoral-axillary: Vf-Aa) provides partial anterograde aortic flow, which may prevent some complications. This study aimed to compare the 90-day mortality and complication rates between VF-AA and VF-AF. METHODS Consecutive adult patients with cardiogenic shock who received peripheral VA-ECMO between 2013 and 2019 at our institution were retrospectively included. The exclusion criteria were refractory cardiac arrest, multiple VA-ECMO implantations due to vascular access changes, weaning failure, or ICU readmission. A statistical approach using inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to estimate the effect of the cannulation site on the outcomes. The primary endpoint was the 90-day mortality. The secondary endpoints were vascular access complications, stroke, and other complications related to retrograde blood flow. Outcomes were estimated using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS VA-ECMO was performed on 534 patients. Patients with refractory cardiac arrest (n = 77 (14%)) and those supported by multiple VA-ECMO (n = 92, (17%)) were excluded. Out of the 333 patients studied (n = 209 Vf-Aa; n = 124 VF-AF), the main indications for VA-ECMO implantation were post-cardiotomy (33%, n = 109), dilated cardiomyopathy (20%, n = 66), post-cardiac transplantation (15%, n = 50), acute myocardial infarction (14%, n = 46) and other etiologies (18%, n = 62). The median SOFA score was 9 [7-11], and the crude 90-day mortality rate was 53% (n = 175). After IPTW, the 90-day mortality was similar in the Vf-Aa and VF-AF groups (54% vs 58%, IPTW-OR = 0.84 [0.54-1.29]). Axillary artery cannulation was associated with significantly fewer local infections (OR = 0.21, 95% CI:0.09-0.51), limb ischemia (OR = 0.37, 95% CI:0.17-0.84), bowel ischemia (OR = 0.16, 95% CI:0.05-0.51) and pulmonary edema (OR = 0.52, 95% CI:0.29-0.92) episodes, but with a higher rate of stroke (OR = 2.87, 95% CI:1.08-7.62) than femoral artery cannulation. CONCLUSION Compared to VF-AF, axillary cannulation was associated with similar 90-day mortality rates. The high rate of stroke associated with axillary artery cannulation requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Do Vale
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care Department, DMU PARABOL, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Elie Kantor
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care Department, DMU PARABOL, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Grégory Papin
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care Department, DMU PARABOL, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Romain Sonneville
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
- UMR1148, LVTS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Wael Braham
- Assistance Publique Des Hopitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM/Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Marylou Para
- Assistance Publique Des Hopitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM/Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Montravers
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care Department, DMU PARABOL, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM Unit U1152, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dan Longrois
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care Department, DMU PARABOL, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM Unit U1148, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Provenchère
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care Department, DMU PARABOL, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM CIC-EC 1425, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
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Bunge JJH, Mariani S, Meuwese C, van Bussel BCT, Di Mauro M, Wiedeman D, Saeed D, Pozzi M, Loforte A, Boeken U, Samalavicius R, Bounader K, Hou X, Buscher H, Salazar L, Meyns B, Herr D, Matteucci S, Sponga S, MacLaren G, Russo C, Formica F, Sakiyalak P, Fiore A, Camboni D, Raffa GM, Diaz R, Wang IW, Jung JS, Belohlavek J, Pellegrino V, Bianchi G, Pettinari M, Barbone A, Garcia JP, Shekar K, Whitman GJR, Gommers D, Dos Reis Miranda D, Lorusso R. Characteristics and Outcomes of Prolonged Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation After Cardiac Surgery: The Post-Cardiotomy Extracorporeal Life Support (PELS-1) Cohort Study. Crit Care Med 2024:00003246-990000000-00344. [PMID: 38856631 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000006349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most post-cardiotomy (PC) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) runs last less than 7 days. Studies on the outcomes of longer runs have provided conflicting results. This study investigates patient characteristics and short- and long-term outcomes in relation to PC ECMO duration, with a focus on prolonged (> 7 d) ECMO. DESIGN Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING Thirty-four centers from 16 countries between January 2000 and December 2020. PATIENTS Adults requiring post PC ECMO between 2000 and 2020. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Characteristics, in-hospital, and post-discharge outcomes were compared among patients categorized by ECMO duration. Survivors and nonsurvivors were compared in the subgroup of patients with ECMO duration greater than 7 days. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Two thousand twenty-one patients were included who required PC ECMO for 0-3 days (n = 649 [32.1%]), 4-7 days (n = 776 [38.3%]), 8-10 days (n = 263 [13.0%]), and greater than 10 days (n = 333 [16.5%]). There were no major differences in the investigated preoperative and procedural characteristics among ECMO duration groups. However, the longer ECMO duration category was associated with multiple complications including bleeding, acute kidney injury, arrhythmias, and sepsis. Hospital mortality followed a U-shape curve, with lowest mortality in patients with ECMO duration of 4-7 days (n = 394, 50.8%) and highest in patients with greater than 10 days ECMO support (n = 242, 72.7%). There was no significant difference in post-discharge survival between ECMO duration groups. In patients with ECMO duration greater than 7 days, age, comorbidities, valvular diseases, and complex procedures were associated with nonsurvival. CONCLUSIONS Nearly 30% of PC ECMO patients were supported for greater than 7 days. In-hospital mortality increased after 7 days of support, especially in patients undergoing valvular and complex surgery, or who had complications, although the long-term post-discharge prognosis was comparable to PC ECMO patients with shorter support duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen J H Bunge
- Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Deparment of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Mariani
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christiaan Meuwese
- Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Deparment of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas C T van Bussel
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dominik Wiedeman
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Diyar Saeed
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matteo Pozzi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Louis Pradel Cardiologic Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Antonio Loforte
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Deparment of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Udo Boeken
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Robertas Samalavicius
- II Department of Anesthesiology, Centre of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Karl Bounader
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Xiaotong Hou
- Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessels Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hergen Buscher
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Center of Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leonardo Salazar
- Department of Cardiology, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Bart Meyns
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel Herr
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sacha Matteucci
- SOD Cardiochirurgia Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I-Lancisi-Salesi" Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sandro Sponga
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Graeme MacLaren
- Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claudio Russo
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Department, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Formica
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Cardiac Surgery Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pranya Sakiyalak
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Antonio Fiore
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, Paris, France
| | - Daniele Camboni
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Maria Raffa
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Diaz
- ECMO Unit, Centro Cardiovascular Red Salud Santiago and Hospital San Juan de Dios, Santiago, Chile
| | - I-Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL
| | - Jae-Seung Jung
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jan Belohlavek
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vin Pellegrino
- Intensive Care Unit, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Giacomo Bianchi
- Ospedale del Cuore Fondazione Toscana "G. Monasterio," Massa, Italy
| | - Matteo Pettinari
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Alessandro Barbone
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - José P Garcia
- IU Health Advanced Heart & Lung Care, Indiana University Methodist Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kiran Shekar
- Adult Intensive Care Services, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Diederik Gommers
- Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Roberto Lorusso
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Sicim H, Tam WSV, Tang PC. Primary graft dysfunction in heart transplantation: the challenge to survival. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:313. [PMID: 38824545 PMCID: PMC11143673 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a life-threatening clinical condition with a high mortality rate, presenting as left, right, or biventricular dysfunction within the initial 24 h following heart transplantation, in the absence of a discernible secondary cause. Given its intricate nature, definitive definition and diagnosis of PGD continues to pose a challenge. The pathophysiology of PGD encompasses numerous underlying mechanisms, some of which remain to be elucidated, including factors like myocardial damage, the release of proinflammatory mediators, and the occurrence of ischemia-reperfusion injury. The dynamic characteristics of both donors and recipients, coupled with the inclination towards marginal lists containing more risk factors, together contribute to the increased incidence of PGD. The augmentation of therapeutic strategies involving mechanical circulatory support accelerates myocardial recovery, thereby significantly contributing to survival. Nonetheless, a universally accepted treatment algorithm for the swift management of this clinical condition, which necessitates immediate intervention upon diagnosis, remains absent. This paper aims to review the existing literature and shed light on how diagnosis, pathophysiology, risk factors, treatment, and perioperative management affect the outcome of PGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Sicim
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Wing Sum Vincy Tam
- School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul C Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Shaw M, Cross N, Richardson R, Crook R, Thirulchelvam T, Issitt RW. The effect of excessive gas to blood ratios in an ECMO oxygenator. Perfusion 2024:2676591241256089. [PMID: 38783478 DOI: 10.1177/02676591241256089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxygenators for paediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) are required to operate over a wide range of flow rates, in a patient group ranging from neonates through to fully grown adolescents. ECMO oxygenators typically have a manufacturer's stated maximum gas: blood flow rate (GBFR) ratio of 2:1, however, many patients require greater ratios than this for adequate CO2 removal. Mismatches in GBFR in theory could result in high gas phase pressures. These increased pressures in theory could cause the formation of gross gaseous microemboli (GME) placing the child at higher risk of neurological injury. METHODS We evaluated 6 paediatric and 6 adult A.L.ONE™ ECMO oxygenators and assessed their gas phase pressures and GME release, in an ex vivo setting, in GBFR ratios up to greater than 2, across a range of gas flow (1L - 10 L/min) rates with a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) content of 50% and 100%. RESULTS There were no increases above 10 mmHg observed in gas phase pressures in GBFR >= 2:1 in either adult or paediatric oxygenators. Laboratory examination of GME activity demonstrated a small increase in post-membrane GME release over the study period. GME release was unaffected by FiO2 setting or gas flow rate, with a maximum volume of < 6 µL in both paediatric and adult oxygenators. CONCLUSIONS In an ex vivo setting, increasing GBFR above 2:1 in a paediatric oxygenator, and to a GBFR of 2:1 in an adult oxygenator did not significantly increase gas phase pressures, and no oxygenator membrane rupture was observed. There were no associations between gas flow rates and GME production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Shaw
- Perfusion Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Nigel Cross
- Perfusion Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Richardson
- Perfusion Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Richard Crook
- Perfusion Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Timothy Thirulchelvam
- Cardiac Intensive Care Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
- Centre for Heart Failure, Transplantation and Extracorporeal Support, Research Department of Children's Cardiovascular Disease, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, UK
| | - Richard W Issitt
- Perfusion Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
- Centre for Heart Failure, Transplantation and Extracorporeal Support, Research Department of Children's Cardiovascular Disease, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, UK
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7
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Hanuna M, Herz G, Stanzl AL, Li Y, Mueller CS, Kamla CE, Scherer C, Wassilowsky D, Juchem G, Orban M, Peterss S, Hagl C, Joskowiak D. Mid-Term Outcome after Extracorporeal Life Support in Postcardiotomy Cardiogenic Shock: Recovery and Quality of Life. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2254. [PMID: 38673527 PMCID: PMC11050874 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) therapy for refractory postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock (rPCS) is associated with high early mortality rates. This study aimed to identify negative predictors of mid-term survival and to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and recovery of the survivors. Methods: Between 2017 and 2020, 142 consecutive patients received ECLS therapy following cardiac surgery. The median age was 66.0 [57.0-73.0] years, 67.6% were male and the median EuroSCORE II was 10.5% [4.2-21.3]. In 48 patients, HRQoL was examined using the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) and the modified Rankin-Scale (mRS) at a median follow-up time of 2.2 [1.9-3.2] years. Results: Estimated survival rates at 3, 12, 24 and 36 months were 47%, 46%, 43% and 43% (SE: 4%). Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazard regression analysis revealed preoperative EuroSCORE II (p = 0.013), impaired renal function (p = 0.010), cardiopulmonary bypass duration (p = 0.015) and pre-ECLS lactate levels (p = 0.004) as independent predictors of mid-term mortality. At the time of follow-up, 83.3% of the survivors were free of moderate to severe disability (mRS < 3). SF-36 analysis showed a physical component summary of 45.5 ± 10.2 and a mental component summary of 50.6 ± 12.5. Conclusions: Considering the disease to be treated, ECLS for rPCS is associated with acceptable mid-term survival, health-related quality of life and functional status. Preoperative EuroSCORE II, impaired renal function, cardiopulmonary bypass duration and lactate levels prior to ECLS implantation were identified as negative predictors and should be included in the decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Hanuna
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (G.H.)
| | - German Herz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (G.H.)
| | - Andre L. Stanzl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (G.H.)
| | - Yupeng Li
- Department of Political Science and Economics, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Christoph S. Mueller
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (G.H.)
| | - Christine E. Kamla
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (G.H.)
| | - Clemens Scherer
- Department of Cardiology, LMU University Hospital, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dietmar Wassilowsky
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerd Juchem
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (G.H.)
| | - Martin Orban
- Department of Cardiology, LMU University Hospital, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Peterss
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (G.H.)
| | - Christian Hagl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (G.H.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Joskowiak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (G.H.)
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8
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Amabili P, Debroux G, Lancellotti P, Hans G, Bonhomme V, Tchana-Sato V. Use of percutaneous ventricular assist device as bridge to high risk combined heart valve surgery. Acta Cardiol 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38586991 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2024.2336678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Amabili
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Center, Liege, Belgium
| | - Gauthier Debroux
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Center, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Grégory Hans
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Center, Liege, Belgium
| | - Vincent Bonhomme
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Center, Liege, Belgium
| | - Vincent Tchana-Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Center, Liege, Belgium
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9
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Baldan BU, Hegeman RRMJJ, Bos NMJP, Smeenk HG, Klautz RJM, Klein P. Comparative Analysis of Therapeutic Strategies in Post-Cardiotomy Cardiogenic Shock: Insight into a High-Volume Cardiac Surgery Center. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2118. [PMID: 38610884 PMCID: PMC11012770 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCCS), which is defined as severe low cardiac output syndrome after cardiac surgery, has a mortality rate of up to 90%. No study has yet been performed to compare patients with PCCS treated by conservative means to patients receiving additional mechanical circulatory support with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis from January 2018 to June 2022 was performed. Results: Out of 7028 patients who underwent cardiac surgery during this time period, 220 patients (3%) developed PCCS. The patients were stratified according to their severity of shock based on the Stage Classification Expert Consensus (SCAI) group. Known risk factors for shock-related mortality, including the vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) and plasma lactate levels, were assessed at structured intervals. In patients treated additionally with ECMO (n = 73), the in-hospital mortality rate was 60%, compared to an in-hospital mortality rate of 85% in patients treated by conservative means (non-ECMO; n = 52). In 18/73 (25%) ECMO patients, the plasma lactate level normalized within 48 h, compared to 2/52 (4%) in non-ECMO patients. The morbidity of non-ECMO patients compared to ECMO patients included a need for dialysis (42% vs. 60%), myocardial infarction (19% vs. 27%), and cerebrovascular accident (17% vs. 12%). Conclusions: In conclusion, the additional use of ECMO in PCCS holds promise for enhancing outcomes in these critically ill patients, more rapid improvement of end-organ perfusion, and the normalization of plasma lactate levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Ufuk Baldan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands;
| | - Romy R. M. J. J. Hegeman
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Hans G. Smeenk
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands;
| | - Robert J. M. Klautz
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Klein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands;
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10
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Moussa MD, Soquet J, Robin E, Labreuche J, Rousse N, Rauch A, Loobuyck V, Leroy G, Duburcq T, Gantois G, Leroy X, Ait-Ouarab S, Lamer A, Thellier L, Lukowiak O, Schurtz G, Muller C, Juthier F, Susen S, Vincentelli A. Definitions of major bleeding for predicting mortality in critically ill adult patients who survived 24 hours while supported with peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiogenic shock: a comparative historical cohort study. Can J Anaesth 2024; 71:523-534. [PMID: 38438682 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-024-02704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The severity of bleeding events is heterogeneously defined during peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (pVA-ECMO). We studied three bleeding definitions in pVA-ECMO: the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO)-serious bleeding, the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC), and the universal definition of postoperative bleeding (UPDB) classifications. METHODS We included consecutive adult patients supported by pVA-ECMO for refractory cardiogenic shock admitted to Lille academic hospitals between January 2013 and December 2019. We assessed the association of bleeding definitions with the primary endpoint of 28-day all-cause mortality with the use of multivariate models accounting for time-dependent and competing variables. We compared models' performances using the Harrell's C-Index and the Akaike information criteria. RESULTS Twenty-eight-day mortality occurred in 128/308 (42%) 308 patients. The ELSO-serious bleeding (hazard ratio [HR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 2.56) and BARC ≥ type 2 (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.37) were associated with 28-day mortality (Harrell's C-index, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.74 for both). Predictors of ELSO-serious bleeding were postcardiotomy, body mass index, baseline platelets count, fibrinogen, and hemoglobin levels. CONCLUSION Extracorporeal Life Support Organization-serious bleeding and BARC ≥ type 2 are relevant definitions of major bleeding regarding their association with mortality in critically ill patients who survived the first 24 hr while supported with pVA-ECMO for cardiogenic shock. STUDY REGISTRATION CERAR (IRB 00010254-2022-050, Paris, France); first submitted on 18 April 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhamed D Moussa
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
- Pôle d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Cardiovasculaire et thoracique, Institut Cœur - Poumon, CHU Lille, 2 avenue Oscar Lambret, 59 037, Lille, France.
| | - Jérôme Soquet
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Robin
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Pôle d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Natacha Rousse
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Antoine Rauch
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Valentin Loobuyck
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | - Xavier Leroy
- Pôle d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Antoine Lamer
- Pôle d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Lise Thellier
- Pôle d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Guillaume Schurtz
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Francis Juthier
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Susen
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - André Vincentelli
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CHU Lille, Lille, France
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11
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Vondran M, Kaminski A, Schemke S, Heringlake M. Shouldn't we first follow the guidelines before implementing alternative mechanical circulatory support modalities? JTCVS OPEN 2024; 18:87-89. [PMID: 38690423 PMCID: PMC11056468 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Maximillian Vondran
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Heart- and Diabetes Center, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Karlsburg Hospital, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Kaminski
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Heart- and Diabetes Center, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Karlsburg Hospital, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Simon Schemke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Heart- and Diabetes Center, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Karlsburg Hospital, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Heringlake
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Heart- and Diabetes Center, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Karlsburg Hospital, Karlsburg, Germany
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12
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Erdoğan SB, Bastopcu M, Usca MK, Çakmak AY, Sargın M, Aka S. The Utility of Risk Scores in Postcardiotomy Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Perfusion 2024; 39:578-584. [PMID: 36705013 DOI: 10.1177/02676591231154741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of a venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the postcardiotomy shock setting (PC-ECMO) can be life-saving. Risk stratification for patients under PC-ECMO is currently challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the discriminatory ability of the different available risk scores for mortality in PC-ECMO patients. METHODS Patients aged >18 years undergoing coronary artery bypass, valve surgery, or a combination of these procedures and implanted an ECMO for postcardiotomy shock between January 2017 and June 2022 in a single ELSO registered center were retrospectively included. The STS, Euroscore II, SAVE, modified SAVE, APACHE II, and VIS scores were compared for their discriminatory ability concerning weaning and 30-day survival. RESULTS During the study period, 7342 patients underwent coronary bypass or valve surgery, of whom 109 patients with PC-ECMO were included in the analysis. The Euroscore II and STS scores were not associated significantly with 30-day mortality, whereas the SAVE, the modified SAVE, APACHE II, and VIS scores significantly predicted 30-day mortality. The SAVE and the modified SAVE scores showed moderate discrimination ability with AUCs of 0.672 and 0.695, while the APACHE and VIS scores had a satisfactory discriminatory ability with AUCs of 0.727 and 0.844, respectively. CONCLUSION Currently used risk scores for PC-ECMO patients do not provide satisfactory predictions for weaning and survival. VIS at the 24th hour can be a valuable parameter for risk analysis and prospective studies can investigate novel PC-ECMO risk scoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinç B Erdoğan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Research and Training Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Bastopcu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Research and Training Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kağan Usca
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Research and Training Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arif Yasin Çakmak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Research and Training Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Sargın
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Research and Training Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Aka
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Research and Training Center, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Vajter J, Holubova G, Novysedlak R, Svorcova M, Vachtenheim J, Vymazal T, Lischke R. Anaesthesiologic Considerations for Intraoperative ECMO Anticoagulation During Lung Transplantation: A Single-Centre, Retrospective, Observational Study. Transpl Int 2024; 37:12752. [PMID: 38585623 PMCID: PMC10996050 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2024.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is frequently used during lung transplantation. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is mainly used as part of ECMO support for anticoagulation. One of the most common perioperative complications is bleeding, which high-dose UFH can aggravate. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed (n = 141) patients who underwent lung transplantation between 2020 and 2022. All subjects (n = 109) underwent central cannulated VA ECMO with successful intraoperative ECMO weaning. Patients on ECMO bridge, postoperative ECMO, heart-lung transplants and transplants without ECMO were excluded. The dose of UFH for the entire surgical procedure, blood loss and consumption of blood derivatives intraoperatively and 48 h after ICU admission were recorded. Surgical revision for postoperative bleeding were analyzed. Thrombotic complications, mortality and long-term survival were evaluated. Results: Lower doses of UFH administered for intraoperative ECMO anticoagulation contribute to a reduction in intraoperative blood derivates consumption and blood loss with no thrombotic complications related to the patient or the ECMO circuit. Lower doses of UFH may lead to a decreased incidence of surgical revision for hemothorax. Conclusion: Lower doses of UFH as part of intraoperative ECMO anticoagulation might reduce the incidence of complications and lead to better postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Vajter
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Gabriela Holubova
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Rene Novysedlak
- Prague Lung Transplant Program, 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Monika Svorcova
- Prague Lung Transplant Program, 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Vachtenheim
- Prague Lung Transplant Program, 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomas Vymazal
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Robert Lischke
- Prague Lung Transplant Program, 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
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14
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Basílio C, Anders M, Rycus P, Paiva JA, Roncon-Albuquerque R. Cardiac Tamponade Complicating Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: An Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry Analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 38:731-738. [PMID: 38233245 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiac tamponade is a potentially life-threatening complication during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). In this study, the authors assessed the incidence, patient characteristics, and risk factors for mortality of cardiac tamponade during ECMO. DESIGN The authors queried the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry from 1997 to 2021 for all adults with cardiac tamponade as a reported complication during ECMO. PARTICIPANTS Cardiac tamponade was reported in 2,176 (64% men; 53.8 ± 0.33 years) of 84,430 adults (2.6%). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Venoarterial ECMO was the main configuration (78%), followed by venovenous ECMO (VV ECMO) (18%), for cardiac (67%), pulmonary (21%) support, and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) (12%). Percutaneous cannulation was performed in 51%, with the femoral vein and femoral artery as the most common sites for drainage and return cannulae, with dual-lumen cannulae in 39% of VV ECMO. Hospital survival was lower (35% v 49%; p < 0.01) when compared with that of all adults from the ELSO Registry. In multivariate analysis, age, aortic dissection and/or rupture, COVID-19, ECPR, pre-ECMO renal-replacement therapy, and prone position are associated with hospital mortality, whereas ECMO for pulmonary support is associated with hospital survival. Similarly, renal, cardiovascular, metabolic, neurologic, and pulmonary complications occurred more frequently in nonsurvivors. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac tamponade is a rare complication during ECMO that, despite being potentially reversible, is associated with high hospital mortality. Venoarterial ECMO is the most common configuration. ECMO for pulmonary support was associated with higher survival, and ECPR was associated with higher mortality. In these patients, other ECMO-related complications were frequently reported and associated with hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Basílio
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, São João University Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marc Anders
- Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics (Critical Care), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Peter Rycus
- Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - José Artur Paiva
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, São João University Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, São João University Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal; Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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15
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Pieri M, D'Andria Ursoleo J, Nardelli P, Ortalda A, Ajello S, Delrio S, Fominskiy E, Scandroglio AM. Temporary mechanical circulatory support with Impella in cardiac surgery: A systematic review. Int J Cardiol 2024; 396:131418. [PMID: 37813286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perioperative cardiogenic shock (CS) in cardiac surgery is still burdened by a high mortality risk. The introduction of Impella pumps in the therapeutic armory of temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) has potential implications to improve the management of complex cases, although it has never been systematically addressed. We performed a systematic review of the reported use of tMCS with Impella in cardiac surgery. METHODS We searched PubMed for all original studies on the Impella use in adult patients in cardiac surgery. RESULTS Nineteen studies (out of 151 identified by search string) were included. All studies were observational and all but one (95%) were retrospective. Seven studies focused on the implantation of Impella in the pre-operative setting (coronary or valvular surgery), either as a prophylactic device in high-risk cases (3 studies) or in patients with CS as stabilization tool prior to cardiac surgery procedure (4 studies). Three studies reported the use of Impella as periprocedural support for percutaneous valvular procedure, three as bridge to heart replacement, and six for postcardiotomy CS. Impella support had a low complication rate and was successful in supporting hemodynamics pre-, intra- and postoperatively. Most consistently reported data were left-ventricular ejection fraction at implant, short-term survival and weaning rate. CONCLUSIONS tMCS with Impella in cardiac surgery patients is feasible and successful. It can be applied in selected cardiac surgery patients and presents advantages over other types of support. Systematic prospective studies are needed to standardize indications for implant and management of surgical issues, and to identify which patients may benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pieri
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Jacopo D'Andria Ursoleo
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Nardelli
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ortalda
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Ajello
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Delrio
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Evgeny Fominskiy
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Mara Scandroglio
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
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16
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Maigrot JLA, Weiss AJ, Tong MZY, Bakaeen F, Soltesz EG. Programmatic approach to patients with advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy: Integrating microaxial support into strategies for the modern era. Artif Organs 2024; 48:6-15. [PMID: 38013239 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Patients with advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy manifesting as left ventricular dysfunction exist along a spectrum of severity and risk, and thus decision-making surrounding optimal management is challenging. Treatment pathways can include medical therapy as well as revascularization through percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting. Additionally, temporary and durable mechanical circulatory support, as well as heart transplantation, may be optimal for select patients. Given this spectrum of risk and the complexity of treatment pathways, patients may not receive appropriate therapy given their perceived risk, which can lead to sub-satisfactory outcomes. In this review, we discuss the identification of high-risk ischemic cardiomyopathy patients, along with our programmatic approach to patient evaluation and perioperative optimization. We also discuss our strategies for therapeutic decision-making designed to optimize both short- and long-term patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc A Maigrot
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure and Recovery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Aaron J Weiss
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure and Recovery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Z Y Tong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure and Recovery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Faisal Bakaeen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure and Recovery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Edward G Soltesz
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure and Recovery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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17
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Corujo Rodriguez A, Richter E, Ibekwe SO, Shah T, Faloye AO. Postcardiotomy Shock Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Perioperative Diagnosis and Management. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2023; 37:2621-2633. [PMID: 37806929 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Postcardiotomy shock (PCS) is generally described as the inability to separate from cardiopulmonary bypass due to ineffective cardiac output after cardiotomy, which is caused by a primary cardiac disorder, resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion. Postcardiotomy shock occurs in 0.5% to 1.5% of contemporary cardiac surgery cases, and is accompanied by an in-hospital mortality of approximately 67%. In the last 2 decades, the incidence of PCS has increased, likely due to the increased age and baseline morbidity of patients requiring cardiac surgery. In this narrative review, the authors discuss the epidemiology and pathophysiology of PCS, the rationale and evidence behind the initiation, continuation, escalation, and discontinuation of mechanical support devices in PCS, and the anesthetic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen Richter
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Tina Shah
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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18
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Hymczak H, Gołąb A, Kosiński S, Podsiadło P, Sobczyk D, Drwiła R, Kapelak B, Darocha T, Plicner D. The Role of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ECMO in Accidental Hypothermia and Rewarming in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients-A Literature Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6730. [PMID: 37959196 PMCID: PMC10649291 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Accidental hypothermia, defined as an unintentional drop of the body core temperature below 35 °C, is one of the causes of cardiocirculatory instability and reversible cardiac arrest. Currently, extracorporeal life support (ECLS) rewarming is recommended as a first-line treatment for hypothermic cardiac arrest patients. The aim of the ECLS rewarming is not only rapid normalization of core temperature but also maintenance of adequate organ perfusion. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a preferred technique due to its lower anticoagulation requirements and potential to prolong circulatory support. Although highly efficient, ECMO is acknowledged as an invasive treatment option, requiring experienced medical personnel and is associated with the risk of serious complications. In this review, we aimed to discuss the clinical aspects of ECMO management in severely hypothermic cardiac arrest patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Hymczak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (H.H.); (R.D.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gołąb
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
- Center for Research and Innovative Technology, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylweriusz Kosiński
- Department of Interdisciplinary Intensive Care, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Paweł Podsiadło
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Dorota Sobczyk
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland;
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (B.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Rafał Drwiła
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (H.H.); (R.D.)
| | - Bogusław Kapelak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (H.H.); (R.D.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (B.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Tomasz Darocha
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Plicner
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (B.K.); (D.P.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Solholm A, Salminen PR, Stangeland L, Dahle GO, Mongstad A, Svenheim B, Zhang L, Haaverstad R, Grong K. Left ventricular venting during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; the effects on cardiac performance in a porcine model of critical post-cardiotomy failure. Perfusion 2023; 38:1399-1408. [PMID: 35848511 PMCID: PMC10588272 DOI: 10.1177/02676591221114956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Left ventricular distension is a major concern with postcardiotomy veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) supporting a critical heart failure after cardiac surgery. This porcine study evaluates the effects of left ventricular venting on cardiac function during ECMO-supported circulation and after weaning from ECMO. METHODS Twenty anaesthetised open-chest pigs were put on cardiopulmonary bypass with aortic cross-clamping and suboptimal cardioplegic arrest for 40 min. After declamping and defibrillation, the animals were supported by VA-ECMO for 180 min either with or without additional left ventricular venting. Continuous haemodynamic evaluations were performed at baseline and at cardiac arrest, during VA-ECMO and for 120 min after weaning from circulatory support. Left ventricular perfusion and function were evaluated with microspheres, pressure-volume loops and epicardial echocardiography at baseline and after 1 and 2 h with unsupported circulation. RESULTS In vented animals both mean aortic and left ventricular peak systolic pressure increased at the end of the ECMO-supported period compared to those not vented and remained increased also after weaning. Both at 60 min and 120 min after weaning from circulatory support, left ventricular stroke work and pressure-volume area were increased in vented compared to not vented animals. At 120 min left ventricular stroke volume was increased in vented compared to not vented animals, myocardial perfusion did not differ. The left ventricular mechanical efficiency, defined as the ratio between pressure volume area and myocardial perfusion, was increased (53.2 ± 5 vs 36.2 ± 2.1 J/mL/g, p = 0.011) in vented- compared to not vented hearts. CONCLUSION This experimental study demonstrate that left ventricular venting during post-cardiotomy veno-arterial ECMO for 3 h attenuates deterioration of left ventricular function and haemodynamics early after weaning from circulatory support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atle Solholm
- Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pirjo-Riitta Salminen
- Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lodve Stangeland
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Geir Olav Dahle
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arve Mongstad
- Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bård Svenheim
- Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rune Haaverstad
- Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ketil Grong
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Sommer W, Arif R, Kremer J, Al Maisary S, Verch M, Tochtermann U, Karck M, Meyer AL, Warnecke G. Temporary circulatory support with surgically implanted microaxial pumps in postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock following coronary artery bypass surgery. JTCVS OPEN 2023; 15:252-260. [PMID: 37808068 PMCID: PMC10556953 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery may develop postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock. In these cases, implantation of an Impella 5.0 or 5.5 microaxial pump offers full hemodynamic support while simultaneously unloading of the left ventricle. Methods Preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative data of all patients receiving postoperative support with an Impella 5.0 or 5.5 after CABG surgery between September 2017 and October 2022 were retrospectively collected. Cohort built-up was performed according to the timing of Impella implantation, either simultaneous during CABG surgery or delayed. Results A total of n = 42 patients received postoperative Impella support, of whom 27 patients underwent simultaneous Impella implantation during CABG surgery and 15 patients underwent delayed Impella therapy. Preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction was similarly low in both groups (26.7 ± 0.7% vs 24.8 ± 11.3%; P = .32). In the delayed cohort, Impella implantation was performed after a median of 1 (1; 2) days after CABG surgery. Survival after 30 days (75.6% vs 47.6%, P = .04) and 1 year (69.4% vs 29.8%, P = .03) was better in the cohort receiving simultaneous Impella implantation. Conclusions The combined advantages of hemodynamic support and LV unloading with microaxial pumps may lead to a favorable survival in patients with left ventricular failure following CABG surgery. Early implantation during the initial surgery shows a trend toward a more favorable survival as compared with patients receiving delayed support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Sommer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rawa Arif
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jamila Kremer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sameer Al Maisary
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Verch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ursula Tochtermann
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna L. Meyer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gregor Warnecke
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Massimi G, Matteucci M, De Bonis M, Kowalewski M, Formica F, Russo CF, Sponga S, Vendramin I, Colli A, Falcetta G, Trumello C, Carrozzini M, Fischlein T, Troise G, Actis Dato G, D'Alessandro S, Nia PS, Lodo V, Villa E, Shah SH, Scrofani R, Binaco I, Kalisnik JM, Pettinari M, Thielmann M, Meyns B, Khouqeer FA, Fino C, Simon C, Severgnini P, Kowalowka A, Deja MA, Ronco D, Lorusso R. Extracorporeal life support in mitral papillary muscle rupture: Outcome of multicenter study. Artif Organs 2023; 47:1386-1394. [PMID: 37039965 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-acute myocardial infarction papillary muscle rupture (post-AMI PMR) may present variable clinical scenarios and degree of emergency due to result of cardiogenic shock. Veno-arterial extracorporeal life support (V-A ECLS) has been proposed to improve extremely poor pre- or postoperative conditions. Information in this respect is scarce. METHODS From the CAUTION (meChanical complicAtion of acUte myocardial infarcTion: an InternatiOnal multiceNter cohort study) database (16 different Centers, data from 2001 to 2018), we extracted adult patients who were surgically treated for post-AMI PMR and underwent pre- or/and postoperative V-A ECLS support. The end-points of this study were in-hospital survival and ECLS complications. RESULTS From a total of 214 post-AMI PMR patients submitted to surgery, V-A ECLS was instituted in 23 (11%) patients. The median age was 61.7 years (range 46-81 years). Preoperatively, ECLS was commenced in 10 patients (43.5%), whereas intra/postoperative in the remaining 13. The most common V-A ECLS indication was post-cardiotomy shock, followed by preoperative cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. The median duration of V-A ECLS was 4 days. V-A ECLS complications occurred in more than half of the patients. Overall, in-hospital mortality was 39.2% (9/23), compared to 22% (42/219) for the non-ECLS group. CONCLUSIONS In post-AMI PMR patients, V-A ECLS was used in almost 10% of the patients either to promote bridge to surgery or as postoperative support. Further investigations are required to better evaluate a potential for increased use and its effects of V-A ECLS in such a context based on the still high perioperative mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Massimi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Matteucci
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Insubria University- Cardiac Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ASST Sette Laghi Circolo Hospital, Varese, Italy
| | - Michele De Bonis
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariusz Kowalewski
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Innovative Medical Forum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Francesco Formica
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Cardiac Surgery Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy
| | | | - Sandro Sponga
- Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Igor Vendramin
- Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Andrea Colli
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giosuè Falcetta
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Trumello
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Theodor Fischlein
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Klinikum Nürnberg, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Troise
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Stefano D'Alessandro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Cardiac Surgery Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Peyman Sardari Nia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Vittoria Lodo
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Villa
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Shabir Hussain Shah
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Irene Binaco
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Policlinico Milano Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Jurij Matija Kalisnik
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Klinikum Nürnberg, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Matteo Pettinari
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Matthias Thielmann
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West-German Heart Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bart Meyns
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fareed A Khouqeer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlo Fino
- Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Caterina Simon
- Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paolo Severgnini
- Department Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Insubria University- Cardiac Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ASST Sette Laghi Circolo Hospital, Varese, Italy
| | - Adam Kowalowka
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek A Deja
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Daniele Ronco
- Department Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Insubria University- Cardiac Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ASST Sette Laghi Circolo Hospital, Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Milojevic M, Milosevic G, Nikolic A, Petrovic M, Petrovic I, Bojic M, Jagodic S. Mastering the Best Practices: A Comprehensive Look at the European Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Adult Cardiac Surgery. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:296. [PMID: 37504552 PMCID: PMC10380276 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10070296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The successful outcome of a cardiac surgery procedure is significantly dependent on the management of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Even if a cardiac operation is technically well-conducted, a patient may suffer CPB-related complications that could result in severe comorbidities, reduced quality of life, or even death. However, the role of clinical perfusionists in perioperative patient care, which is critical, is often overlooked. Therefore, the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesiology (EACTA), and the European Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion (EBCP) have agreed to develop joint clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for CPB due to its significant impact on patient care and significant variations in practice patterns between countries. The European guidelines, based on the EACTS standardized framework for the development of CPGs, cover the entire spectrum of CPB management in adult cardiac surgery. This includes training and education of clinical perfusionists, machine hardware, disposables, preparation for initiation of CPB, a complete set of procedures during CPB to help maintain end-organ function and anticoagulation, weaning from CPB, and the gaps in evidence and future research directions. This comprehensive coverage ensures that all aspects of CPB management are addressed, providing clinicians with a standardized approach to CPB management based on the latest evidence and best practices. To ensure better integration of these evidence-based recommendations into daily practice, this review aims to provide a general understanding of guideline development and an overview of essential treatment recommendations for CPB management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Milojevic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiovascular Research, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Goran Milosevic
- Department of Perfusion Technology, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Nikolic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Acibadem-Sistina Hospital, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Masa Petrovic
- Center of Excellence, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Petrovic
- Center of Excellence, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milovan Bojic
- Center of Excellence, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sinisa Jagodic
- Department of Perfusion Technology, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Raman J, Saxena P, Dobrilovic N. ECMO as a bridge to cardiac surgery: stabilizing unstable patients for a definitive procedure. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 39:63-72. [PMID: 37525716 PMCID: PMC10387022 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-023-01523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in adults has been used in post-cardiotomy patients who decline hemodynamically. Cardiogenic shock in patients with potential surgically correctable cardiac conditions are at significantly higher risk for post-operative morbidity and mortality. We present experience with a pre-emptive approach of ECMO institution pre-operatively to stabilize patients with cardiogenic shock. Materials and methods This study expands on a pilot study with a group of twenty patients who were supported with ECMO pre-operatively in different institutions over a period between 2011 and 2021. The patients presented with cardiogenic shock. Peripheral veno-arterial (VA) ECMO support was used in all the patients. Cardiac surgery was performed via median sternotomy utilizing the in situ ECMO cannulae to institute cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Results Seventeen patients were weaned off ECMO support following a mean duration of support of 156 h. Fifteen patients survived to discharge. The 30-day mortality and in-hospital mortality were 25% (expected 67% by European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II). The causes of mortality included persistent bleeding in 2 patients due to liver dysfunction, and one with low platelet counts. The other two had multi-organ failure. Conclusions Variable period of pre-operative ECMO support provides hemodynamic stability and may prevent or reverse the multi-organ dysfunction if instituted on time in patients presenting with cardiogenic shock. This strategy allows cardiac surgery to be performed with acceptable risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Raman
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Pankaj Saxena
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, QLD Australia
| | - Nikola Dobrilovic
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Evanston Northshore Health System, Chicago, IL USA
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Perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pediatric congenital heart disease: Chinese expert consensus. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:7-19. [PMID: 36417081 PMCID: PMC9832091 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the main supportive diseases of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children. The management of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for pediatric CHD faces more severe challenges due to the complex anatomical structure of the heart, special pathophysiology, perioperative complications and various concomitant malformations. The survival rate of ECMO for CHD was significantly lower than other classifications of diseases according to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization database. This expert consensus aims to improve the survival rate and reduce the morbidity of this patient population by standardizing the clinical strategy. METHODS The editing group of this consensus gathered 11 well-known experts in pediatric cardiac surgery and ECMO field in China to develop clinical recommendations formulated on the basis of existing evidences and expert opinions. RESULTS The primary concern of ECMO management in the perioperative period of CHD are patient selection, cannulation strategy, pump flow/ventilator parameters/vasoactive drug dosage setting, anticoagulation management, residual lesion screening, fluid and wound management and weaning or transition strategy. Prevention and treatment of complications of bleeding, thromboembolism and brain injury are emphatically discussed here. Special conditions of ECMO management related to the cardiovascular anatomy, haemodynamics and the surgical procedures of common complex CHD should be considered. CONCLUSIONS The consensus could provide a reference for patient selection, management and risk identification of perioperative ECMO in children with CHD. Video abstract (MP4 104726 kb).
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Welker CC, Huang J, Boswell MR, Spencer PJ, Theoduloz MAV, Ramakrishna H. Left Ventricular Decompression in VA-ECMO: Analysis of Techniques and Outcomes. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022; 36:4192-4197. [PMID: 35965232 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carson C Welker
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jeffrey Huang
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Michael R Boswell
- Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesi, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Philip J Spencer
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Harish Ramakrishna
- Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55901, United States.
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Muller Moran HR, Yamashita MH, Arora RC. Reply: Right, wrong, or somewhere in between? JTCVS OPEN 2022; 11:153. [PMID: 36172407 PMCID: PMC9510788 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2022.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Benefits of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Support in Patients with Postcardiotomy Shock Requiring Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081195. [PMID: 36013374 PMCID: PMC9409933 DOI: 10.3390/life12081195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: The benefit of the combined use of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) for postcardiotomy shock remains unclear. We aimed to analyse the potential benefits and safety of combining these two devices. Methods: We enrolled 200 patients treated with either VA-ECMO only or in combination with IABP (ECMO-I group) between January 2012 and January 2021. To adjust the patients’ backgrounds, we used propensity score matching for additional analyses, resulting in 57 pairs. The primary endpoint was 30-day survival. Secondary endpoints included successful weaning and complication rates. We also analysed hemodynamic parameters in both groups. Results: After propensity score matching, 30-day survival was better in the ECMO-I group (log-rank p = 0.004). The ECMO-I and ECMO-only groups differed regarding the secondary endpoints, including successful weaning (50.9% and 26.3%, respectively; p = 0.012) and the need for continuous renal replacement therapy (28.1% and 50.9%, p = 0.021). Complication rates were not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion: Compared to VA-ECMO alone, the combined use of VA-ECMO and IABP is beneficial regarding 30-day survival in selected patients with postcardiotomy shock; successful ECMO weaning and freedom from renal replacement therapy is more common in patients supported with VA-ECMO plus IABP.
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Winiszewski H, Guinot PG, Schmidt M, Besch G, Piton G, Perrotti A, Lorusso R, Kimmoun A, Capellier G. Optimizing PO 2 during peripheral veno-arterial ECMO: a narrative review. Crit Care 2022; 26:226. [PMID: 35883117 PMCID: PMC9316319 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-04102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During refractory cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is used to restore a circulatory output. However, it also impacts significantly arterial oxygenation. Recent guidelines of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) recommend targeting postoxygenator partial pressure of oxygen (PPOSTO2) around 150 mmHg. In this narrative review, we intend to summarize the rationale and evidence for this PPOSTO2 target recommendation. Because this is the most used configuration, we focus on peripheral VA-ECMO. To date, clinicians do not know how to set the sweep gas oxygen fraction (FSO2). Because of the oxygenator's performance, arterial hyperoxemia is common during VA-ECMO support. Interpretation of oxygenation is complex in this setting because of the dual circulation phenomenon, depending on both the native cardiac output and the VA-ECMO blood flow. Such dual circulation results in dual oxygenation, with heterogeneous oxygen partial pressure (PO2) along the aorta, and heterogeneous oxygenation between organs, depending on the mixing zone location. Data regarding oxygenation during VA-ECMO are scarce, but several observational studies have reported an association between hyperoxemia and mortality, especially after refractory cardiac arrest. While hyperoxemia should be avoided, there are also more and more studies in non-ECMO patients suggesting the harm of a too restrictive oxygenation strategy. Finally, setting FSO2 to target strict normoxemia is challenging because continuous monitoring of postoxygenator oxygen saturation is not widely available. The threshold of PPOSTO2 around 150 mmHg is supported by limited evidence but aims at respecting a safe margin, avoiding both hypoxemia and severe hyperoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadrien Winiszewski
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, centre hospitalier universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France. .,Research Unit EA 3920 and SFR FED 4234, University of Franche Comté, Besancon, France.
| | - Pierre-Grégoire Guinot
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, centre hospitalier universitaire de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Matthieu Schmidt
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Institut de Cardiologie, APHP Sorbonne Université Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Besch
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, centre hospitalier universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.,Research Unit EA 3920 and SFR FED 4234, University of Franche Comté, Besancon, France
| | - Gael Piton
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, centre hospitalier universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.,Research Unit EA 3920 and SFR FED 4234, University of Franche Comté, Besancon, France
| | - Andrea Perrotti
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, centre hospitalier universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.,Research Unit EA 3920 and SFR FED 4234, University of Franche Comté, Besancon, France
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine Kimmoun
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, centre hospitalier universitaire de Nancy Brabois, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Gilles Capellier
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, centre hospitalier universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Clayton, Australia.,Research Unit EA 3920 and SFR FED 4234, University of Franche Comté, Besancon, France
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L'Acqua C, De Tisi C, Lerva G, Ballotta A. Postcardiotomy VA ECMO in adult patients: Italian single center experience in 2021. Int J Artif Organs 2022; 45:799-800. [PMID: 35822880 PMCID: PMC9465498 DOI: 10.1177/03913988221112685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla L'Acqua
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara De Tisi
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Lerva
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballotta
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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Teng Y, Yan S, Liu G, Lou S, Zhang Y, Ji B. An Agreement Study Between Point-of-Care and Laboratory Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time for Anticoagulation Monitoring During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:931863. [PMID: 35847800 PMCID: PMC9276956 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.931863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laboratory activated partial thromboplastin time (LAB-aPTT) is a widely used laboratory assay for monitoring unfractionated heparin (UFH) therapy during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). But LAB-aPTT is confined to a central laboratory, and the procedure is time-consuming. In comparison, point-of-care aPTT (POC-aPTT) is a convenient and quick assay, which might be a promising method for anticoagulation monitoring in ECMO. This study was aimed to evaluate the agreement between POC-aPTT (hemochron Jr. Signature instruments) and LAB-aPTT for anticoagulation monitoring in adult ECMO patients. Methods Data of ECMO-supported adult patients anticoagulated with UFH in our institute from January 2017 to December 2020 was retrospectively reviewed. POC-aPTT and LAB-aPTT results measured simultaneously were paired and included in the analysis. The correlation between POC-aPTT and LAB-aPTT was assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Bias between POC-aPTT and LAB-aPTT were described with the Bland-Altman method. Influence factors for bias were identified using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results A total 286 pairs of aPTT results from 63 patients were included in the analysis. POC-aPTT and LAB-aPTT correlated weakly (r = 0.385, P < 0.001). The overall bias between POC-aPTT and LAB-aPTT was 7.78 [95%CI (−32.49, 48.05)] s. The overall bias between POC-aPTT and LAB-aPTT ratio (to normal value) was 0.54 [95%CI (−0.68, 1.76)]. A higher plasma fibrinogen level [OR 1.353 (1.057, 1.733), P = 0.017] was associated with a higher chance of POC-aPTT underestimating LAB-aPTT. While a lower plasma fibrinogen level [OR 0.809 (0.679, 0.963), P = 0.017] and lower UFH rate [OR 0.928 (0.868, 0.992), P = 0.029] were associated with a higher chance of POC-aPTT overestimating LAB-aPTT. Conclusion The present study showed poor agreement between POC-aPTT and LAB-aPTT. POC-aPTT was not suitable for anticoagulation monitoring in adult ECMO patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Teng
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shujie Yan
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Song Lou
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyang Ji
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Bingyang Ji,
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Massart N, Flecher E, Auffret V, Ross JT, Mansour A, Nesseler N. Authors' reply: Non-invasive therapeutics to prevent left ventricular distension in venoarterial-ECMO patients: no room for epinephrine! ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:3664-3665. [PMID: 35726446 PMCID: PMC9715836 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Massart
- Intensive‐care UnitYves Le Foll HospitalSaint‐BrieucFrance,Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, PontchaillouUniversity Hospital of RennesRennesFrance
| | - Erwan Flecher
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Signal and Image Treatment Laboratory (LTSI), Inserm U1099Pontchaillou University Hospital, University of Rennes 1RennesFrance
| | - Vincent Auffret
- Service de CardiologieUniv Rennes, CHU de Rennes, Inserm LTSI U1099F‐35000RennesFrance,Department of SurgeryUniversity of California Davis Medical CenterSacramentoCAUSA
| | - James T. Ross
- Service de CardiologieUniv Rennes, CHU de Rennes, Inserm LTSI U1099F‐35000RennesFrance,Department of SurgeryUniversity of California Davis Medical CenterSacramentoCAUSA
| | - Alexandre Mansour
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, PontchaillouUniversity Hospital of RennesRennesFrance,CIC 1414 (Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes)Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, InsermF‐35000RennesFrance
| | - Nicolas Nesseler
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, PontchaillouUniversity Hospital of RennesRennesFrance,CIC 1414 (Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes)Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, InsermF‐35000RennesFrance,Institut NUMECAN—UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, Inra, InsermF‐35000RennesFrance
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Pérez Vela JL, Llanos Jorge C, Duerto Álvarez J, Jiménez Rivera JJ. Clinical management of postcardiotomy shock in adults. Med Intensiva 2022; 46:312-325. [PMID: 35570187 DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock represents the most serious expression of low cardiac output syndrome after cardiac surgery. Although infrequent, it is a relevant condition due to its specific and complex pathophysiology and important morbidity-mortality. The diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and multimodal hemodynamic monitoring, where echocardiography and the pulmonary arterial catheter play a main role. Early and multidisciplinary management should focus on the management of postoperative or mechanical complications and the optimization of determinants of cardiac output through fluid therapy or diuretic treatments, inotropic drugs and vasopressors/vasodilators and, in the absence of a response, early mechanical circulatory support. The aim of this paper is to review and update the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Pérez Vela
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Llanos Jorge
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Quirónsalud Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - J Duerto Álvarez
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - J J Jiménez Rivera
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Lorusso R, Kowalewski M, Di Mauro M, Mariani S. After the storm comes a calm: the (rather good) post-discharge survival of adults undergoing post-cardiotomy extracorporeal life support. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 61:1186-1187. [PMID: 35165705 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lorusso
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mariusz Kowalewski
- Clinical Department of Cardiac Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.,Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Innovative Medical Forum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Michele Di Mauro
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Silvia Mariani
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Welker C, Huang J, Nunez-Gil I, Villavicencio MA, Ramakrishna H. Percutaneous Right Ventricular Mechanical Circulatory Support- Analysis of Recent Data. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022; 36:2783-2788. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lorusso R, Heuts S, Jiritano F, Scrofani R, Antona C, Actis Dato G, Centofanti P, Ferrarese S, Matteucci M, Miceli A, Glauber M, Vizzardi E, Sponga S, Vendramin I, Garatti A, de Vincentis C, De Bonis M, Ajello S, Troise G, Dalla Tomba M, Serraino F. OUP accepted manuscript. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2022; 35:6563853. [PMID: 35381083 PMCID: PMC9252119 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lorusso
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, A.O. Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 HX, Maastricht, Netherlands. Tel: +31-43-387-50-70; e-mail: (R. Lorusso)
| | - Samuel Heuts
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Federica Jiritano
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale Universitario, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Antona
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Centofanti
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Sandro Ferrarese
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di Circolo, Varese, Italy
| | - Matteo Matteucci
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di Circolo, Varese, Italy
| | - Antonio Miceli
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Istituto Clinico S. Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Glauber
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Istituto Clinico S. Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Vizzardi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, A.O. Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sandro Sponga
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospediale S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Igor Vendramin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospediale S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Andrea Garatti
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di S. Donato, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michele De Bonis
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale S. Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Ajello
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Troise
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
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Schaefer AK, Distelmaier K, Riebandt J, Goliasch G, Bernardi MH, Zimpfer D, Laufer G, Wiedemann D. Access site complications of postcardiotomy extracorporeal life support. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 164:1546-1558.e8. [PMID: 34949456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of primary arterial access in patients receiving peripheral postcardiotomy extracorporeal life support on associated complications and outcome. METHODS Of 573 consecutive patients requiring PC-ECLS between 2000 and 2019 at a single center, 436 were included in a retrospective analysis and grouped according to primary arterial extracorporeal life support access site. Survival and rate of access-site-related complications with special emphasis on fatal/disabling stroke were compared. RESULTS The axillary artery was cannulated in 250 patients (57.3%), whereas the femoral artery was used as primary arterial access in 186 patients (42.6%). There was no significant difference in 30-day (axillary: 62%; femoral: 64.7%; P = .561) and 1-year survival (axillary: 42.5%; femoral: 44.8%; P = .657). Cerebral computed tomography-confirmed stroke with a modified ranking scale ≥4 was significantly more frequent in the axillary group (axillary: n = 28, 11.2%; femoral: n = 4, 2.2%; P = .0003). Stroke localization was right hemispheric (n = 20; 62.5%); left hemispheric (n = 5; 15.6%), bilateral (n = 5; 15.6%), or infratentorial (n = 2; 6.25%). Although no difference in major cannulation site bleeding was observed, cannulation site change for bleeding was more frequent in the axillary group (axillary: n = 13; 5.2%; femoral: n = 2; 1.1%; P = .03). Clinically apparent limb ischemia was significantly more frequent in the femoral group (axillary: n = 12, 4.8%; femoral: n = 31, 16.7%; P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Although survival did not differ, surgeons should be aware of access-site-specific complications when choosing peripheral PC-ECLS access. Although lower rates of limb ischemia and the advantage of antegrade flow seem beneficial for axillary cannulation, the high incidence of right hemispheric strokes in axillary artery cannulation should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Klaus Distelmaier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Riebandt
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin H Bernardi
- Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Zimpfer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther Laufer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Wiedemann
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Pérez Vela J, Llanos Jorge C, Duerto Álvarez J, Jiménez Rivera J. Manejo clínico del shock poscardiotomía en pacientes adultos. Med Intensiva 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Loforte A, Comentale G, Botta L, Gliozzi G, Cavalli GG, Mariani C, Pilato E, Suarez SM, Pacini D. How Would the Authors Treat Their Own Temporary Left Ventricular Failure With Mechanical Circulatory Support? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:1238-1250. [PMID: 34785126 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the last 20 years, mechanical circulatory supports (MCS) have overturned completely the outcomes and the clinical recovery of patients with isolated acute left ventricle failure (iALVF). This usually occurs more frequently than right-sided heart failure or biventricular dysfunction, and it mainly is caused by acute myocardial infarction. The primary role of MCS is to restore the tissue metabolism to preserve the vital organs' function but, on the other hand, they also have to relieve the workload stress on the heart. In this way, they allow not only the heart to recover from the acute event, but MCS also can stabilize the patient toward cardiac transplantation. The short-term MCS devices currently used in clinical practice are the intraaortic balloon pump, the Impella (Abiomed, Danvers, MA), and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO), but the choice of the right and tailored device for each patient, as well as the timing to use it, is actually one of the most debated topics of MCS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Loforte
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, ALMA Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Comentale
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, ALMA Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Botta
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, ALMA Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gregorio Gliozzi
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, ALMA Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Giovanni Cavalli
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, ALMA Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Mariani
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, ALMA Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuele Pilato
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Sofia Martin Suarez
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, ALMA Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Pacini
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, ALMA Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Kietaibl C, Horvat Menih I, Engel A, Ullrich R, Klein KU, Erdoes G. Cerebral microemboli during extracorporeal life support: a single-centre cohort study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 61:172-179. [PMID: 34406372 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the load and composition of cerebral microemboli in adult patients undergoing venoarterial extracorporeal life support (ECLS). METHODS Adult ECLS patients were investigated for the presence of cerebral microemboli and compared to critically ill, pressure-controlled ventilated controls and healthy volunteers. Cerebral microemboli were detected in both middle cerebral arteries for 30 min using transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Neurological outcome (ischaemic stroke, global brain ischaemia, intracerebral haemorrhage, seizure, metabolic encephalopathy, sensorimotor sequelae and neuropsychiatric disorders) was additionally evaluated. RESULTS Twenty ECLS patients (cannulations: 15 femoro-femoral, 4 femoro-subclavian, 1 femoro-aortic), 20 critically ill controls and 20 healthy volunteers were analysed. ECLS patients had statistically significantly more cerebral microemboli than critically ill controls {123 (43-547) [median (interquartile range)] vs 35 (16-74), difference: 88 [95% confidence interval (CI) 19-320], P = 0.023} and healthy volunteers [11 (5-12), difference: 112 (95% CI 45-351), P < 0.0001]. In ECLS patients, 96.5% (7346/7613) of cerebral microemboli were of gaseous composition, while solid cerebral microemboli [1 (0-5)] were detected in 12 out of 20 patients. ECLS patients had more neurological complications than critically ill controls (12/20 vs 3/20, P = 0.003). In ECLS patients, a high microembolic rate (>100/30 min) tended to be associated with neurological complications including ischaemic stroke, neuropsychiatric disorders, sensorimotor sequelae and non-convulsive status epilepticus (odds ratio 4.5, 95% CI 0.46-66.62; P = 0.559). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that adult ECLS patients are continuously exposed to many gaseous and, frequently, to few solid cerebral microemboli. Prolonged cerebral microemboli formation may contribute to neurological morbidity related to ECLS treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02020759, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02020759?term=erdoes&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Kietaibl
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ines Horvat Menih
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adrian Engel
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roman Ullrich
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus U Klein
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabor Erdoes
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Welker C, Huang J, Ramakrishna H. Analysis of the 2020 EACTS/ELSO/STS/AATS Expert Guidelines on the Management of Adult Postcardiotomy Extracorporeal Life Support. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:2207-2219. [PMID: 34332842 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracorporeal life support (ECLS), also known as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), increasingly is used in postcardiotomy (PC) shock to facilitate a bridge to sustained recovery, long-term mechanical support, or heart transplantation. Given increasing prevalence and complexity of PC-ECLS, a joint expert consensus guideline was created in 2020 for management of adult PC-ECLS by the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO), the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), and the American Association of Thoracic Surgery (AATS). The aim of this analysis was to comprehensively review the expert consensus guidelines, with particular emphasis on PC-ECLS candidacy, timing, cannula configuration, left ventricular distention, anticoagulation, ECLS weaning, and intensive care unit complications. This analysis finds the expert consensus guideline to be timely, pertinent, and clinically valuable, although there remains the need for larger clinical trials to codify best practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carson Welker
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jeffrey Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Harish Ramakrishna
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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Moussa MD, Soquet J, Lamer A, Labreuche J, Gantois G, Dupont A, Abou-Arab O, Rousse N, Liu V, Brandt C, Foulon V, Leroy G, Schurtz G, Jeanpierre E, Duhamel A, Susen S, Vincentelli A, Robin E. Evaluation of Anti-Activated Factor X Activity and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Relations and Their Association with Bleeding and Thrombosis during Veno-Arterial ECMO Support: A Retrospective Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102158. [PMID: 34067573 PMCID: PMC8156165 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the relationship between anti-activated Factor X (anti-FXa) and activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT), and its modulation by other haemostasis co-variables during veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) support. We further investigated their association with serious bleeding and thrombotic complications. METHODS This retrospective single-center study included 265 adults supported by VA-ECMO for refractory cardiogenic shock from January 2015 to June 2019. The concordance of anti-FXa and aPTT and their correlations were assessed in 1699 paired samples. Their independent associations with serious bleeding or thrombotic complications were also analysed in multivariate analysis. RESULTS The concordance rate of aPTT with anti-FXa values was 50.7%, with 39.3% subtherapeutic aPTT values. However, anti-FXa and aPTT remained associated (β = 0.43 (95% CI 0.4-0.45) 10-2 IU/mL, p < 0.001), with a significant modulation by several biological co-variables. There was no association between anti-FXa nor aPTT values with serious bleeding or with thrombotic complications. CONCLUSION During VA-ECMO, although anti-FXa and aPTT were significantly associated, their values were highly discordant with marked sub-therapeutic aPTT values. These results should favour the use of anti-FXa. The effect of biological co-variables and the failure of anti-FXa and aPTT to predict bleeding and thrombotic complications underline the complexity of VA-ECMO-related coagulopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhamed Djahoum Moussa
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, 59000 Lille, France; (A.L.); (G.G.); (V.L.); (C.B.); (V.F.); (G.L.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-320-445-962
| | - Jérôme Soquet
- CHU Lille, Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, 59000 Lille, France; (J.S.); (N.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Antoine Lamer
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, 59000 Lille, France; (A.L.); (G.G.); (V.L.); (C.B.); (V.F.); (G.L.); (E.R.)
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, CIC-IT 1403, 59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694-METRICS: Évaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales, 59000 Lille, France; (J.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Julien Labreuche
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694-METRICS: Évaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales, 59000 Lille, France; (J.L.); (A.D.)
- CHU Lille, Department of Biostatistics, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Gantois
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, 59000 Lille, France; (A.L.); (G.G.); (V.L.); (C.B.); (V.F.); (G.L.); (E.R.)
| | - Annabelle Dupont
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Hématologie-Transfusion, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, 59000 Lille, France; (A.D.); (E.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Osama Abou-Arab
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Amiens University Hospital, 80054 Amiens, France;
- MP3CV, EA7517, CURS, Jules Verne University of Picardie, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Natacha Rousse
- CHU Lille, Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, 59000 Lille, France; (J.S.); (N.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Vincent Liu
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, 59000 Lille, France; (A.L.); (G.G.); (V.L.); (C.B.); (V.F.); (G.L.); (E.R.)
| | - Caroline Brandt
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, 59000 Lille, France; (A.L.); (G.G.); (V.L.); (C.B.); (V.F.); (G.L.); (E.R.)
| | - Valentin Foulon
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, 59000 Lille, France; (A.L.); (G.G.); (V.L.); (C.B.); (V.F.); (G.L.); (E.R.)
| | - Guillaume Leroy
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, 59000 Lille, France; (A.L.); (G.G.); (V.L.); (C.B.); (V.F.); (G.L.); (E.R.)
| | | | - Emmanuel Jeanpierre
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Hématologie-Transfusion, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, 59000 Lille, France; (A.D.); (E.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Alain Duhamel
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694-METRICS: Évaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales, 59000 Lille, France; (J.L.); (A.D.)
- CHU Lille, Department of Biostatistics, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Sophie Susen
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Hématologie-Transfusion, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, 59000 Lille, France; (A.D.); (E.J.); (S.S.)
| | - André Vincentelli
- CHU Lille, Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, 59000 Lille, France; (J.S.); (N.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Emmanuel Robin
- CHU Lille, Pôle d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, 59000 Lille, France; (A.L.); (G.G.); (V.L.); (C.B.); (V.F.); (G.L.); (E.R.)
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Salna M, Fried J, Kaku Y, Brodie D, Sayer G, Uriel N, Naka Y, Takeda K. Obesity is not a contraindication to veno-arterial extracorporeal life support. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 60:831-838. [PMID: 33969398 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity may complicate the peripheral cannulation and delivery of veno-arterial extracorporeal life support (ECLS). With rising global body mass indices (BMI), obesity is becoming increasingly prevalent in severe cardiogenic shock yet its impact on outcomes is not well described. This study sought to examine the relationship between BMI and veno-arterial ECLS outcomes to better inform clinical decision-making. METHODS All cardiogenic shock patients undergoing peripheral veno-arterial ECLS at our institution from March 2008 to January 2019 were retrospectively analysed (n = 431). Patients were divided into 4 groups, BMI 17.5-24.9, 25-29.9, 30-34.9 and ≥35 kg/m2, and compared on clinical outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify variables associated with survival to discharge, the primary outcome of interest. RESULTS The median BMI was 28.3 kg/m2 (interquartile range 24.8-32.6) with a range of 17.0-69.1 kg/m2. Obese patients achieved significantly lower percentages of predicted flow rates compared with BMI < 25 kg/m2 patients though did not differ in their lactate clearances. Patients with BMI ≥35 kg/m2 had similar complication rates to the other cohorts but were more likely to require continuous veno-venous haemodialysis (51% vs 25-40% in other cohorts, P = 0.002). Overall survival to discharge was 48% (n = 207/431) with no differences between the cohorts (P = 0.92). Patients with BMI ≥35 kg/m2 had considerably lower survival (10%) in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cardiopulmonary resuscitation compared with the other groups (P = 0.17). On multivariable logistic regression, BMI was not significantly associated with failure to survive to discharge. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, with the rising global prevalence of obesity, the results of our study suggest that clinicians need not treat obesity as a negative prognostic factor in cardiogenic shock requiring ECLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Salna
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Justin Fried
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuji Kaku
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Brodie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel Sayer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nir Uriel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoshifumi Naka
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Koji Takeda
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Comparison of Bivalirudin Versus Heparin for Maintenance Systemic Anticoagulation During Adult and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Crit Care Med 2021; 49:1481-1492. [PMID: 33870916 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide a comparative analysis of conventional heparin-versus bivalirudin-based systemic anticoagulation in adult and pediatric patients supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. DESIGN Retrospective chart review study of adult and pediatric patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation from January 1, 2014, to October 1, 2019. SETTING A large, high-volume tertiary referral adult and pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation center. PATIENTS Four hundred twenty-four individuals requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support and systemically anticoagulated with either unfractionated heparin (223 adult and 65 pediatric patients) or bivalirudin (110 adult and 24 pediatric patients) were included. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Digital data abstraction was used to retrospectively collect patient details. The majority of both groups were cannulated centrally (67%), and the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation type was predominantly venoarterial (84%). The adult bivalirudin group had a greater occurrence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (12% vs 1%; p < 0.01) and was more likely to require postcardiotomy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (36% vs 55%; p < 0.01). There were no statistical differences between the groups in regards to age, sex, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation initiation location. The main finding was a reduced mortality in the adult bivalirudin group (odds ratio, 0.39; p < 0.01), whereas no difference was noted in the pediatric group. A significant reduction in the composite transfusion requirement in the first 24 hours was noted in the pediatric bivaluridin group with an odds ratio of 0.28 (p = 0.02). Groups did not differ in regard to laboratories per day, anticoagulant dose adjustments, or ischemic complications. CONCLUSIONS When compared with heparin-based systemic anticoagulation, bivalirudin demonstrated feasibility and safety as established by the absence of increases in identifiable adverse outcomes while manifesting substantial improvements in hospital mortality in adult patients. Further studies are necessary to corroborate these findings and further elucidate the role of bivalirudin during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support.
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ECMO Retrieval over the Mediterranean Sea: Extending Hospital Arms. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11030210. [PMID: 33802762 PMCID: PMC8002579 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11030210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The retrieval and transport of patients from peripheral hospitals to high volume extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) centers aims to reduce complications and improve survival. In Sicily (Italy), our institute houses a mobile ECMO team that serves a population of around 10 million people for a vast area in southern Italy and Malta. This observational, descriptive study includes all patients that required veno–venous (V-V) ECMO and transport by a mobile team between October 2009 and May 2020. Linear and multiple logistic regressions were applied to explore the risk factors for mortality in the ICU. Kaplan–Meier estimates were generated to predict the survival in patients transported by helicopter or ambulance, and the two cohorts were compared according to their baseline characteristics. Of 122 patients transported, 89 (73%) survived to ICU discharge (50 (41%) patients were transported by ambulance, and 72 (59%) were transported by helicopter). Independent predictive factors associated with mortality in a stepwise multiple regression model were prone positioning, acute kidney injury, and the number of days spent on mechanical ventilation (MV). Kaplan–Meier estimates for survival favored the helicopter cohort (79%) rather than the ambulance cohort (64%). Patients transported by helicopter had better pre-ECMO profiles, with shorter hospital and ICU stays, a shorter duration of MV use, and higher RESP scores, which indicate better survival probabilities. ECMO transport can be carried out safely over long distances; in rural areas with underdeveloped roads, transportation via helicopter or ambulance can extend the arm of the hospital to remote areas. Early ECMO initiation can be crucial in improving survival outcomes, and when transportation is the limiting factor to starting ECMO support, it should be attempted at the earliest logistical stage possible.
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