1
|
Pecha S, Chung DU, Burger H, Osswald B, Ghaffari N, Knaut M, Reichenspurner H, Willems S, Butter C, Hakmi S. Laser lead extraction in octo- and nonagenarians. A subgroup analysis from the GALLERY registry. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2023; 34:1951-1960. [PMID: 37493496 DOI: 10.1111/jce.16018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an aging population with cardiac implantable electronic devices, an increasing number of octo- and even nonagenarians present for lead extraction procedures. Those patients are considered at increased risk for surgical procedures including lead extraction. Here, we investigated safety and efficacy of transvenous lead extraction in a large patient cohort of octo- and nonagenarians. METHODS AND RESULTS A subgroup analysis of all patients aged ≥80 years (n = 499) in the German Laser Lead Extraction Registry (GALLERY) was performed. Outcomes were compared to the nonoctogenarians from the registry. Primary extraction method was Laser lead extraction, with additional use of mechanical rotational sheaths or femoral snares, if necessary. An analysis of patient- and device characteristics, as well as an assessment of predictors for adverse events via multivariate analyses was conducted. Mean patients age was 84.3 ± 3.7 years in the octogenarians group and 64.1 ± 12.4 years in the nonoctogenarians group. The median lead dwell time was 118.0 months (78; 167) and 92.0 months [60; 133], p < .001 in the octogenarians and nonoctogenarians group, respectively. Clinical procedural success rate was achieved in 97.6% of the cases in octogenarians and 97.9% in nonoctogenarians (p = .70). Overall complication rate was 4.4% in octogenarians and 4.3% in nonoctogenarians (0.91). In octogenarians procedure-related mortality was 0.8% and all-cause in-hospital mortality was 5.4%, while in nonoctogenarians, procedure related and all-cause in-hospital mortality were 0.5% and 3.1%, respectively. A body mass index (BMI) <20 kg/m2 , was the only statistically significant predictor for procedure-related complications in octogenarians, while systemic infection, BMI ≤20 kg/m2 , procedural complications and chronic kidney disease were predictors for in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS Laser lead extraction in octo- and nonagenarians is safe and effective. BMI ≤20 kg/m2 was the only statistically significant predictor for procedural complications. According to our data, advanced age should not be considered as contraindication for laser lead extraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Pecha
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Da-Un Chung
- Department of Cardiology & Critical Care Medicine, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Burger
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Brigitte Osswald
- Division of Electrophysiological Surgery, Johanniter-Hospital Duisburg-Rheinhausen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Naser Ghaffari
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Helios Clinic for Heart Surgery, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Knaut
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Heart Center Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hermann Reichenspurner
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Willems
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology & Critical Care Medicine, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Butter
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Brandenburg Bernau, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Samer Hakmi
- Department of Cardiology & Critical Care Medicine, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Efficacy and mortality of rotating sheaths versus laser sheaths for transvenous lead extraction: a meta-analysis. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2021:10.1007/s10840-021-01076-x. [PMID: 34839431 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-021-01076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotating and laser sheaths are both routinely used in transvenous lead extraction (TLE) which can lead to catastrophic complications including death. The efficacy and risk of each approach are uncertain. To perform a meta-analysis to compare success and mortality rates associated with rotating and laser sheaths. METHODS We searched electronic academic databases for case series of consecutive patients and randomized controlled trials published 1998-2017 describing the use of rotating and laser sheaths for TLE. Among 48 studies identified, rotating sheaths included 1,094 patients with 1,955 leads in 14 studies, and laser sheaths included 7,775 patients with 12,339 leads in 34 studies. Patients receiving rotating sheaths were older (63 versus 60 years old) and were more often male (74% versus 72%); CRT-P/Ds were more commonly extracted using rotating sheaths (12% versus 7%), whereas ICDs were less common (37% versus 42%), p > 0.05 for all. Infection as an indication for lead extraction was higher in the rotating sheath group (59.8% versus 52.9%, p = 0.002). The mean time from initial lead implantation was 7.2 years for rotating sheaths and 6.3 years for laser sheaths (p > 0.05). RESULTS Success rates for complete removal of transvenous leads were 95.1% in rotating sheaths and 93.4% in laser sheaths (p < 0.05). There was one death among 1,094 patients (0.09%) in rotating sheaths and 66 deaths among 7,775 patients (0.85%) in laser sheaths, translating to a 9.3-fold higher risk of death with laser sheaths (95% CI 1.3 to 66.9, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Laser sheaths were associated with lower complete lead removal rate and a 9.3-fold higher risk of death.
Collapse
|
3
|
Bencardino G, Ruscio E, Scacciavillani R. Powered sheaths for lead extraction. PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY: PACE 2021; 44:1769-1780. [PMID: 34486141 DOI: 10.1111/pace.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) has seen a rapid expansion in the past 20 years. The procedure has changed from early techniques involving simple manual traction that frequently proved themselves ineffective for chronically implanted leads, and carried significant periprocedural risks including death, to the availability of a wide range of more efficacious techniques and tools, providing the skilled extractor with a well-equipped armamentarium. The reduction in morbidity and mortality associated with these new extraction techniques has widened indications to TLE from prevalent use in life-threatening situations, such as infection and sepsis, to a more widespread use even in noninfectious situations such as malfunctioning leads. Powered sheaths have been a remarkable step forward in this improvement in TLE procedures and recent registries at high-volume centers report high success rates with exceedingly low complication rates. This review is aimed at describing technical features of powered sheaths as well as reported performance during TLE procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Bencardino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Ruscio
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Scacciavillani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dinshaw L, Meyer C. Long-term risk of cardiovascular implantable electronic device-related infection after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019; 31:371-372. [PMID: 31750590 DOI: 10.1111/jce.14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leon Dinshaw
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Meyer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yoshitake T, Goya M, Sasaki T, Shiohira S, Sekigawa M, Shirai Y, Lee K, Yagishita A, Maeda S, Takahashi Y, Kawabata M, Hirao K. Safety and Efficacy of Transvenous Lead Extraction With a High-Frequency Excimer Laser - A Single Center Experience. Circ J 2018; 82:2992-2997. [PMID: 30318499 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-18-0869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transvenous lead extractions have been performed using 40-Hz laser sheaths. Recently, a new 80-Hz laser sheath became available, but only a few reports have compared the effectiveness of the 40- and 80-Hz laser sheaths. Methods and Results: This study included 215 patients. Lead extractions using only laser sheaths were analyzed. The clinical characteristics, extraction parameters, and extraction tools were evaluated. The procedures were performed with 40-Hz sheaths in 150 patients (group 1: 270 leads) and 80-Hz sheaths in 65 (group 2: 99 leads). No statistically significant differences were observed in the clinical parameters except for sex. The mean implant duration was 95.3±86.0 and 78.2±56.8 months in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P=0.07). The respective mean laser time and number of laser pulses were 48.5±52.1 and 48.1±56.1 s (P=0.96) and 2,035.0±2,384.0 and 3,955.1±2,339.3 pulses (P<0.0001). Complete removal was achieved for 97.4% of the leads and in 98.0% in both groups (P=0.38). Major complications occurred in 2.0% and 3.1% of the patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P=0.94). CONCLUSIONS Transvenous lead extraction using high-frequency laser sheaths was as highly successful as with low-frequency laser sheaths in Japanese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masahiko Goya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Shinya Shiohira
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Masahiro Sekigawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yasuhiro Shirai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Kiko Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Atsuhiko Yagishita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Advanced Arrhythmia Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | | | - Mihoko Kawabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Kenzo Hirao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sotiriadis C, Volpi S, Douek P, Chouiter A, Muller O, Qanadli SD. Are Endovascular Interventions for Central Vein Obstructions due to Cardiac Implanted Electronic Devices Effective? Front Surg 2018; 5:49. [PMID: 30105227 PMCID: PMC6077194 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: One of the late-onset complications of cardiac implanted electronic devices (CIEDs) is central venous obstruction (CVO). The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of endovascular treatment of CIED-related CVOs. Methods:Eighteen patients who underwent endovascular management of their device-related CVO were reviewed. Patients were classified into three groups: Group I patients were asymptomatic and needed lead replacement; Group II patients presented with symptomatic CVO without lead dysfunction, and Group III patients were referred with both symptomatic CVO and lead dysfunction. A treatment strategy involved recanalization and balloon angioplasty for Group I and angioplasty/stents for Groups II and III. Technical success, clinical success, complications, and long-term follow-up were assessed. Results: Thirteen patients were in Group I, four in Group II, and one in Group III. Technical and clinical success was achieved in 17 patients (94%). No major complications were reported. Restenosis was observed in two patients at 40 and 42 weeks of follow-up, and these patients were successfully treated with angioplasty. Conclusion: Endovascular management of CVO due to CIED is a safe and efficient technique. Plain balloon angioplasty is sufficient for lead replacement purposes, while stenting is needed for symptomatic CVO to achieve good long-term patency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Sotiriadis
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Volpi
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Douek
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amine Chouiter
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Muller
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Salah D Qanadli
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Perez AA, Woo FW, Tsang DC, Carrillo RG. Transvenous Lead Extractions: Current Approaches and Future Trends. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev 2018; 7:210-217. [PMID: 30416735 PMCID: PMC6141917 DOI: 10.15420/aer.2018.33.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) has continued to rise along with indications for their removal. When confronted with challenging clinical scenarios such as device infection, malfunction or vessel occlusion, patients often require the prompt removal of CIED hardware, including associated leads. Recent advancements in percutaneous methods have enabled physicians to face a myriad of complex lead extractions with efficiency and safety. Looking ahead, emerging technologies hold great promise in making extractions safer and more accessible for patients worldwide. This review will provide the most up-to-date indications and procedural approaches for lead extractions and insight on the future trends in this novel field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adryan A Perez
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, USA
| | - Frank W Woo
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, USA
| | - Darren C Tsang
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Epstein LM, Maytin M. Strategies for Transvenous Lead Extraction Procedures. J Innov Card Rhythm Manag 2017; 8:2702-2716. [PMID: 32494448 PMCID: PMC7252922 DOI: 10.19102/icrm.2017.080502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) has undergone an explosive evolution since its inception as a rudimentary skill with limited technology and therapeutic options. Early techniques involved simple manual traction that frequently proved ineffective for chronically implanted leads, and carried a significant risk of myocardial avulsion, tamponade, and death. The morbidity and mortality associated with these early extraction techniques limited their application to use only in life-threatening situations, such as infection and sepsis. The past four decades, however, have witnessed significant advances in lead extraction technology, resulting in more efficacious techniques and tools, providing the skilled extractor with a well-equipped armamentarium. With the development of the discipline, we have witnessed a growth in the community of TLE experts coincident with a marked decline in the incidence of procedure-related morbidity and mortality, with recent registries at high-volume centers reporting high success rates with exceedingly low complication rates. Future developments in lead extraction are likely to focus on new tools that will allow for us to provide comprehensive device management, develop alternative systems for extraction training, and focus on the design of new leads conceived to facilitate future extraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence M Epstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Melanie Maytin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|