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Serrano-Velasco D, Martín-Vacas A, Cintora-López P, Paz-Cortés MM, Aragoneses JM. Comparative Analysis of the Comfort of Children and Adolescents in Digital and Conventional Full-Arch Impression Methods: A Crossover Randomized Trial. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:190. [PMID: 38397302 PMCID: PMC10886968 DOI: 10.3390/children11020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the comfort of children and adolescents with conventional full-arch dental impression methods compared to two intraoral scanners (iTeroTM and PrimescanTM). METHODS A monocentric, analytical, controlled crossover study was designed to compare conventional impression and digital impression with two intraoral scanners (iTeroTM and PrimescanTM) in children and teenagers. Patient comfort was evaluated using a 100 mm VAS scale adapted to Spanish and for children. A descriptive and analytical statistical method was conducted with a confidence level of 95% (p ≤ 0.05) and asymptotic or bilateral significance. RESULTS A total of 51 subjects were enrolled in the study (mean age = 12.35 years). Although the group of 10-14-year-olds was the most numerous, gender was equally distributed among the age groups. None of the variables on the VAS scale showed differences between the gender categories (p > 0.05). There were differences (p < 0.05) with respect to the age categories, as the middle adolescent group showed the worst general perception and total comfort during the conventional impression. Statistically significant differences were found between all VAS scale items and the three impression methods (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The digital impression technique is superior in terms of total comfort to the conventional alginate impression in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Serrano-Velasco
- PhD Program in Translational Medicine, Universidad San Pablo—CEU, CEU Universities, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X El Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-V.); (P.C.-L.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Andrea Martín-Vacas
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X El Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-V.); (P.C.-L.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Patricia Cintora-López
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X El Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-V.); (P.C.-L.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Marta Macarena Paz-Cortés
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X El Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-V.); (P.C.-L.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Juan Manuel Aragoneses
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X El Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-V.); (P.C.-L.); (J.M.A.)
- Department of Dental Research, Federico Henriquez y Carvajal University, Santo Domingo 10106, Dominican Republic
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Bosoni C, Nieri M, Franceschi D, Souki BQ, Franchi L, Giuntini V. Comparison between digital and conventional impression techniques in children on preference, time and comfort: A crossover randomized controlled trial. Orthod Craniofac Res 2023; 26:585-590. [PMID: 36891891 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the conventional alginate impression and the digital impression taken with an intraoral scanner of both dental arches in children, using a randomized crossover design. TRIAL DESIGN This is a monocentric, controlled, superiority, randomized, crossover, open study. METHODS Twenty-four orthodontic patients between 6 and 11 years of age underwent intraoral scanning (TRIOS 3; 3Shape) and alginate impression of both dental arches with an interval of 1 week between the two procedures. Participants were recruited from September 2021 to March 2022 and the study was completed in April 2022. Impression time for the two procedures was compared. Patients were asked which one of the two impression procedures they preferred. A questionnaire including Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for comfort, pain, gag reflex and difficulty in breathing, was administered to the patients. RESULTS Eighteen out of 24 patients preferred digital impression (75%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 55% to 88%; P = .014). Scanning time was significantly shorter than alginate impression time (difference -118 seconds; 95% CI: -138 to -99; P < .001). Comfort was significantly higher for digital impression (difference 1.7; 95% CI: 0.5 to 2.8; P = .007). There was no difference in pain (difference -0.2; 95% CI: -1.5 to 1.0; P = .686) while gag reflex and breathing difficulties were smaller for digital impression (gag reflex difference -2.5; 95% CI: -4.0 to -0.9; P = .004 and breathing difficulties difference -1.5; 95% CI: -2.5 to -0.5; P = -.004). CONCLUSIONS Digital impression is preferred by children aged 6-11 years and it is significantly faster in acquisition time than conventional alginate impression. REGISTRATION The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with registration number NCT04220957 on January 7th, 2020 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04220957).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bosoni
- Graduate Orthodontic Program, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Nieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Debora Franceschi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Bernardo Quiroga Souki
- Graduate Program in Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lorenzo Franchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Veronica Giuntini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Véliz Méndez S, Baeza M, Krämer Strenger S. Impression technique modification and oral contracture release surgery for orthodontic treatment in a patient with severe microstomia due to recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2023; 43:689-695. [PMID: 36504454 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of genetic disorders characterized by fragility of the skin and mucosal membranes. Dystrophic EB (DEB) is caused by mutations in the gene coding for type VII collagen. Among the most frequent oral manifestations in Recessive DEB (RDEB) are oral ulcers and blisters, absence of tongue papillae and palatal rugae, ankyloglossia, oral vestibule obliteration, and microstomia. The following report describes a modified impression technique used in a patient with severe RDEB and severe microstomia to obtain models for orthodontic treatment with aligners. CASE REPORT A 25-year-old female patient with severe RDEB was referred for orthodontic treatment. Severe microstomia (8 mm), hindered the use of conventional trays or intraoral scanners to design the aligners. Therefore, a contracture release surgery in combination with a modified impression technique was performed to obtain an optimal impression and subsequent aligners for orthodontic treatment. DISCUSSION This case presents an alternative strategy to provide orthodontic treatment with aligners in patients with severe microstomia due to severe RDEB. Reports of orthodontic treatment in people living with EB, especially in RDEB, are still rare, with few publications about fixed braces, early teeth extraction and removable devices, and none using aligners. Most of the impression techniques reported are aimed at oral rehabilitation. The multidisciplinary approach and impression technique reported should broaden the alternatives of orthodontic techniques provided to patients with EB and severe microstomia. CONCLUSIONS This article describes an oral contracture release surgery and modified impression technique for obtaining good quality impression for the design of orthodontic aligners in patients with severe microstomia due to severe RDEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Véliz Méndez
- Special Care Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
| | - Mauricio Baeza
- Special Care Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Nakornnoi T, Chantakao C, Luangaram N, Janbamrung T, Thitasomakul T, Sipiyaruk K. Perceptions of orthodontic residents toward the implementation of dental technologies in postgraduate curriculum. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:625. [PMID: 37658317 PMCID: PMC10474673 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental technologies have increasingly been implemented in orthodontic practice to offer better experiences for orthodontists and patients, however, there is no scientific evidence yet whether which technologies should be implemented into the postgraduate programs. OBJECTIVES To investigate perceptions of orthodontic residents toward the confidence and importance of dental technologies, as well as to determine their necessity in postgraduate programs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The online questionnaire was designed to collect data from residents from all accredited orthodontic postgraduate programs in Thailand. The questionnaire consisted of four sections, which were (1) demographic data, (2) self-perceived importance of orthodontic technologies, (3) self-perceived confidence toward orthodontic technologies, and (4) the necessity of orthodontic technologies in postgraduate programs. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, and a chi-square test. RESULTS Intraoral scanner was found to be an orthodontic technology with the highest scores for both self-perceived importance (4.37 ± 0.59) and confidence (4.23 ± 0.75), followed by cone-beam computed tomography, digital treatment planning software, and lab-produced aligners. These orthodontic technologies were also considered as mandatory in orthodontic postgraduate programs. CAD/CAM technologies appeared to be least important, and their training may be arranged as short course training. There was no significant influence of training locations on the necessity of all orthodontic technologies (P > 0.05), except CBCT. Self-perceived importance and confidence in all technologies were found to have significant positive correlations (P < 0.05), except teledentistry and in-office aligners. CONCLUSION Orthodontic technologies were perceived as important in clinical workflow. Intraoral Scanners, CBCT, digital treatment planning software, lab-produced aligners, and digital modeling software appeared to be necessary for clinical practice and should be considered for orthodontic postgraduate programs, while other technologies may be arranged as short course training. Further research should investigate how to arrange and organize training sessions in orthodontic postgraduate programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theerasak Nakornnoi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanchawan Chantakao
- Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nutchanon Luangaram
- Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thapakorn Janbamrung
- Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teetouch Thitasomakul
- Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kawin Sipiyaruk
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Serrano-Velasco D, Martín-Vacas A, Paz-Cortés MM, Giovannini G, Cintora-López P, Aragoneses JM. Intraoral scanners in children: evaluation of the patient perception, reliability and reproducibility, and chairside time-A systematic review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1213072. [PMID: 37435173 PMCID: PMC10331299 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1213072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the perception of the patient, the chairside time, and the reliability and/or reproducibility of intraoral scanners for full arch in pediatric patients. Methods A data search was performed in four databases (Medline-Pubmed, Scopus, ProQuest and Web of Science) in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statements. Studies were classified in three categories (patient perception, scanning or impression time and reliability and/or reproducibility). The resources, the data extraction and the quality assessment were carried out independently by two operators. The variables recorded were population characteristics, material and methods aspects and included country, study design and main conclusion. A quality assessment of the selected studies was performed with QUADAS-2 tool, and Kappa-Cohen Index was calculated to analyze examiner agreement. Results The initial search obtained 681 publications, and finally four studies matching inclusion criteria were selected. The distribution of the studies in the categories was three for the analysis of the patient's perception and scanning or impression time; and two items to assess the reliability and/or reproducibility of intraoral scans. All included studies have a repeated measures-transversal design. The sample size ranged between 26 and 59 children with a mean age. The intraoral scanners evaluated were Lava C.O.S, Cerec Omnicam, TRIOS Classic, TRIOS 3-Cart and TRIOS Ortho. The quality assessment of the studies using QUADAS-2 tool revealed a low risk of bias while evaluating patient perception, but an unclear risk of bias in the analysis of accuracy or chairside time. In relation to the applicability concerns, the patient selection was of high risk of bias. All studies agreed that the patient perception and comfort is better with intraoral scanners in comparison with the conventional method. The accuracy or reliability of the digital procedure is not clear, being clinically acceptable. In relation with the chairside time, it depends on the intraoral scanner, with contradictory data in the different analyzed studies. Conclusion The use of intraoral scanners in children is a favorable option, finding a significantly higher patient perception and comfort with intraoral scanners compared to the conventional impression method. The evidence for reliability or reproducibility is not strong to date, however, the differences between the intraoral measurements and the digital models would be clinically acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Serrano-Velasco
- PhD Program in Translational Medicine, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Martín-Vacas
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Madrid, Spain
- Master in Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Juan Manuel Aragoneses
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Dental Research, Federico Henriquez y Carvajal University, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
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Róth I, Hermann P, Vitai V, Joós-Kovács GL, Géczi Z, Borbély J. Comparison of the learning curve of intraoral scanning with two different intraoral scanners based on scanning time. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:267. [PMID: 37161444 PMCID: PMC10170701 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The appearance of intraoral scanners (IOSs) in dental offices was an important milestones for the digital innovations in dentistry. Knowing the learning curve for intraoral scanning is crucial, because it can serve as a guideline for clinicians before buying a new IOS. The aim of the present in vivo study was to determine the learning curve required by dental students for intraoral scanning with the 3Shape Trios 4 IOS and the CEREC Primescan IOS, based on scanning time. METHODS A total of 20 dental students with no previous experience in intraoral scanning participated in the present study. 10 students scanned with Trios 4® IOS (TRI) and 10 students took digital impressions with Primescan® IOS (CER). Every student created 15 digital impressions from patients. Prior to taking the impressions, theoretical and practical education was provided. The total scanning time included the upper and lower arches as well as bite registration, for which average values were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using the Stata package with a mixed-effects generalized least squares regression models. RESULTS The average total scanning times were the following: TRI - 205 s for the 1st impression, 133.6 s for the 15th, CER - 289.8 s for the 1st impression, 147 s for the 15th. The model-based estimate of the difference between the two in case of TRI was 57.5 s, and in CER was 144.2 s which is a highly significant improvement in both cases (P < 0.0001). The slope of the scanning time vs. learning phase curve gradually approached flatness, and maintained a plateau: TRI - from the 11th measurement and CER - from the 14th measurement onward. CONCLUSIONS Given the limitations of the present study, we found difference between the learning curve of scanner types which are operate various principle of imaging. In case of the TRI fewer digital impressions (11 repeating) were sufficient to reach the average scanning time of an experienced user than using CER (14 repeating). TRIAL REGISTRATION The permission for this study was given by the University Ethics Committee of Semmelweis University (SE RKEB number: 184/2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivett Róth
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary.
| | - Péter Hermann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - Viktória Vitai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Géczi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - Judit Borbély
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
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Rajasekaran A, Chaudhari PK. Integrated manufacturing of direct 3D-printed clear aligners. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.1089627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The inception of the laboratory work for a removable tooth moving appliance construction by sectioning the teeth from the malocclusion model to align them with wax and achieve minor dental correction has evolved into a state of digital planning and appliance manufacturing for a wide spectrum of malocclusion. The disruptive technology of directly printing clear aligners has drawn the clinician and researcher's interest in the orthodontic fraternity contemporarily. This workflow enables to the development of an in-house aligner system with complete control over desired aligner thickness, extent, and attachments; also technically resource-efficient with greater accuracy by excluding all the intermediate steps involved in the thermoforming method of manufacturing. This promising exploratory subject demands to be well-received with further research-based improvements. This article intends to summarize the digital orthodontic workflow and the literature evidence.
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Gimenez-Gonzalez B, Setyo C, Picaza MG, Tribst JPM. Effect of defect size and tooth anatomy in the measurements of a 3D patient monitoring tool. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12103. [PMID: 36561666 PMCID: PMC9763733 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the influence of defect size and tooth anatomy on the measurements performed by a 3D patient monitoring tool. Methods A fully dentate model was scanned to obtain a master digital file. Virtual duplicates received defects created in molars (16, 18, 28) and incisors (11, 12, 22), according to different depths (60, 80, 120 microns) and sizes (small, medium, large) totaling 180 conditions. The surface changes measured by the 3D Patient Monitoring Tool (3Shape TRIOS Patient Monitoring [TPM]) were compared with the reference by 2 calibrated operators. False Positives (FP), and False Negatives (FN) defect were registered. Pearson chi-square test, Multivariate binary logistic regression and Spearman rank correlation were used to evaluate the data (α = 0.05). Results A significant association was found between the area and the presence of FP and FN (P < .01). Larger defects had higher chances to present FP or an FN respectively. There was a significant association between the tooth and the presence of a FP value (FP, P = .02; FN, P = .005) specially in molars. No significant association was found between the defect depth and the presence of a FP value. Spearman rank correlation showed a strong association between the presence of an FP and an FN (r = 0.858, P < .01). Conclusions The defect size and tooth anatomy significantly affected the virtual follow-up, whereas defect depth did not. Small defects were correctly detected in all cases. An incorrect measurement on one side of the tooth simultaneously resulted in incorrect measurement on the opposite side. Clinical relevance The clinician should be aware that different factors related to the characteristics of the defects could affect the quality of the full-arch digital follow-up. Therefore, caution is needed when interpreting the models comparison in cases that a larger area of a tooth has been modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Gimenez-Gonzalez
- Department of Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christof Setyo
- Department of Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mikel Gomez Picaza
- Createch Medical, Polígono Kurutz-Gain Pabellón, 3B 20850 Mendaro, Spain
| | - João Paulo Mendes Tribst
- Department of Oral Regenarative Medicine, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Corresponding author.
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Intraoral Scanners in Orthodontics: A Critical Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031407. [PMID: 35162430 PMCID: PMC8834929 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The use of digital technology has exponentially increased over recent years. Intraoral scanners, especially, have gained traction within orthodontics. The objective of the present review is to investigate the available evidence to create an up-to-date presentation of various clinical aspects of intraoral scanners in orthodontics. Methods: Search without restrictions in seven databases (Pubmed, CENTRAL, Cochrane Reviews, Scopus, Web of Science, Clinical Trials, Proquest) since inception, and hand searching until October 2020, were conducted. Results: The majority of studies were either cross-over or parallel group studies. The accuracy and reproducibility of intraoral scanners, in comparison to conventional methods, were investigated in several studies, with controversial results. The duration of the procedure did not report any clear outcome in favor of any method. Patients seem to prefer intraoral scanning, even though numerous studies point out the importance of operators’ experience and skills. Conclusions: Despite the innovations that intraoral scanners have brought in orthodontic clinical practice, there are still some challenges and limitations in their use. The majority of existing limitations may be overcome with experience and good clinical skills. More high-quality studies need to be conducted so that clinicians can have a clear image of this new technology.
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The Influence of Hard- and Software Improvement of Intraoral Scanners on the Implant Transfer Accuracy from 2012 to 2021: An In Vitro Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11157166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the transfer accuracy (trueness and precision) of three different intraoral scanning families using different hardware and software versions over the last decade from 2012 to 2021, compared to a conventional impression. Therefore, an implant master model with a reference cube was digitized and served as a reference dataset. Digital impressions of all three scanning families (True definition, TRIOS, CEREC) were recorded (n = 10 per group), and conventional implant impressions were taken (n = 10). The conventional models were digitized, and all models (conventional and digital) were measured. Therefore, it was possible to obtain the deviations between the master model and the scans or conventional models in terms of absolute three-dimensional (3D) deviations, deviations in rotation, and angulation. The results for deviations between the older and newer scanning systems were analyzed using pairwise comparisons (p < 0.05; SPSS 26). The absolute 3D deviations increased with increasing scan path length, particularly for the older hardware and software versions (old vs. new (MW ± SD) True Definition: 355 ± 62 µm vs. 483 ± 110 µm; TRIOS: 574 ± 274 µm vs. 258 ± 100 µm; and CEREC: 1356 ± 1023 µm vs. 110 ± 49 µm). This was also true for deviations in rotation and angulation. The conventional impression showed an advantage only regarding the absolute 3D deviation compared to the older systems. Based on the data of the present study, the accuracy of intraoral scanners is decisively related to hardware and software; though, newer systems or software do not necessarily warrant improvement. Nevertheless, to achieve high transfer accuracy, regular updating of digital systems is recommended. The challenge of increasing errors with increasing scan paths is overcome in the most recent systems. The combination of two different scanning principles in a single device seems to be beneficial.
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