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Steinmetz J, Stemmler A, Hennig CL, Symmank J, Jacobs C. GDF15 Contributes to the Regulation of the Mechanosensitive Responses of PdL Fibroblasts through the Modulation of IL-37. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:39. [PMID: 38392243 PMCID: PMC10888100 DOI: 10.3390/dj12020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), areas of compressive and tensile forces are generated in the periodontal ligament (PdL), a mechanoreactive connective tissue between the teeth and alveolar bone. Mechanically stimulated PdL fibroblasts (PdLFs), the main cell type of PdL, express significantly increased levels of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). In compressed PdL areas, GDF15 plays a fundamental role in modulating relevant OTM processes, including inflammation and osteoclast activation. However, the specific function of this factor in tensile areas has not yet been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of GDF15 in the mechanoresponse of human PdLFs (hPdLFs) that were exposed to biaxial tensile forces in vitro. Using siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments, we demonstrated that GDF15 had no impact on the anti-inflammatory force response of elongated hPdLFs. Although the anti-inflammatory markers IL1RN and IL10, as well as the activation of immune cells remained unaffected, we demonstrated an inhibitory role of GDF15 for the IL-37 expression. By analyzing osteogenic markers, including ALPL and RUNX2, along with an assessment of alkaline phosphatase activation, we further showed that the regulation of IL-37 by GDF15 modulates the osteogenic differentiation potential of hPdLFs. Despite bone resorption in tensile areas being rather limited, GDF15 was also found to positively modulate osteoclast activation in those areas, potentially by adjusting the IL-37 levels. In light of our new findings, we hypothesize that GDF15 modulates force-induced processes in tissue and bone remodeling through its various intra- and extracellular signaling pathways as well as interaction partners. Potentially acting as a master regulator, the modulation of GDF15 levels may hold relevance for clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steinmetz
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Albert Stemmler
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Judit Symmank
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Collin Jacobs
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Armijo L, Mancl L, Dennison CR, Houg K, Romanyk D, Popowics T. In-fiber Bragg sensor measurements assess fluid effects on strain in the periodontal space of an ex-vivo swine incisor complex under mechanical loading. J Biomech 2023; 157:111729. [PMID: 37473706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine whether in-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors detect changes within the periodontal ligament (PDL) of ex-vivo swine tooth-PDL-bone complex (TPBC) when manipulating fluid content. Recording strain will allow for a better understanding of the biomechanics of viscoelastic load transfer from the tooth to the PDL during chewing and/or orthodontic tooth movement, as well as replication of these dynamics in regenerated PDL tissues. FBG sensors placed within the PDL of swine incisor teeth were used to measure strain resulting from an intrusive load. Specimens were mounted in a custom platform within an MTS machine and a compressive load was applied at 0.3 mm/s to a depth of 0.5 mm and held for 10 s. Median peak strain and load and median absolute deviation (MAD) were compared: dry vs. saline (n = 19) with bias-corrected bootstrap 95% CI. Dry vs. saline conditions did not statistically differ (median peaks of 5με, 103-105 N) and recorded strains showed high repeatability (MAD of 0.82με, 0.72με, respectively). FBG sensors did not detect the fluid changes in this study, suggesting that the deformation of tissues in the PDL space collectively determine FBG strain in response to tooth loading. The repeatability of measurements demonstrates the potential for FBG sensors to assess the strain in the PDL space of an in vivo swine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Armijo
- Dept. of Orthodontics, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Lloyd Mancl
- Dept. of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | | | - Kathryn Houg
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Dan Romanyk
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Tracy Popowics
- Box 357475, Dept. of Oral Health Sciences, 1959 Pacific Ave. NE, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Jepsen K, Jervøe-Storm PM, Henrichs I, Lensing I, Müller AL, Cosgarea R, Keilig L, Bourauel C, Jepsen S. Biomechanical properties of periodontal tissues in non-periodontitis and periodontitis patients assessed with an intraoral computerized electronic measurement device. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:797-805. [PMID: 36625961 PMCID: PMC9889448 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04859-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify tooth mobility (TM) by time-dependent tooth displacement using an electronic intra-oral loading device (ILD) in periodontally healthy and periodontally compromised patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight untreated periodontitis and 20 periodontally healthy patients [25 female and 26 male; ages: 20-81 years], contributing with 68 teeth (periodontitis: nteeth = 28; non-periodontitis: nteeth = 40), participated in the study. TM was measured in vivo by displacing central or lateral incisors to a maximum of 0.2 mm orally over durations of 0.5 s, 1 s, and 10 s with the ILD. The maximum force (Fmax) was extracted from the measured force/deflection curves for every single measurement. RESULTS Differences in TM-ILD values were found for periodontitis as compared to non-periodontitis patients derived from the same loading durations (differences of 3.9 (0.5 s), 3.1 (1 s), 2.8 (10 s), (95% CI for 0.5 s (1.2-6.7), p = 0.024; 1 s (1.4-6.0), p = 0.067; 10 s (0.2-5.3), p = 0.001), rejecting the null hypothesis of no difference (T-test) for durations of 0.5 and 10 s. There was a significant correlation of TM-ILD (Fmax) with BOP at 0.5 s (- 0.52) and with attachment loss at all time durations (- 0.47 at 0.5 s; - 0.57 at 1 s; - 0.47 at 10 s). CONCLUSIONS This clinical investigation could demonstrate that time-dependent tooth displacements using a new computerized electronic device were associated with attachment loss and bleeding on probing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE ILD can improve the monitoring of tooth mobility, as TM-ILD values reflect qualitative (inflammatory status interpreted by BOP) and quantitative parameters (interpreted as the amount of CAL loss) of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Pia-Merete Jervøe-Storm
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabel Henrichs
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ina Lensing
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alja Larissa Müller
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Raluca Cosgarea
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
- Clinic for Periodontology and Peri-Implant Diseases, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Clinic of Prosthodontics, Iuliu Hatieganu University Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ludger Keilig
- Oral Technology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, Propaedeutics and Materials Science, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
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Houg KP, Camarillo AM, Doschak MR, Major PW, Popowics T, Dennison CR, Romanyk DL. Strain Measurement within an Intact Swine Periodontal Ligament. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1474-1480. [PMID: 35689395 PMCID: PMC9605999 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The periodontal ligament (PDL) provides support, proprioception, nutrition, and protection within the tooth–PDL–bone complex (TPBC). While understanding the mechanical behavior of the PDL is critical, current research has inferred PDL mechanics from finite element models, from experimental measures on complete TPBCs, or through direct measurement of isolated PDL sections. Here, transducers are used in an attempt to quantify ex vivo PDL strain. In-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are small flexible sensors that can be placed within an intact TPBC and yield repeatable strain measurements from within the PDL space. The objective of this study was to determine: 1) if the FBG strain measured from the PDL space of intact swine premolars ex vivo was equivalent to physical PDL strains estimated through finite element analysis and 2) if a change in FBG strain could be linearly related to a change in finite element strain under variable tooth displacement, applied to an intact swine TPBC. Experimentally, individual TPBCs were subjected to 2 displacements (n = 14). The location of the FBG was determined from representative micro–computed tomography images. From a linear elastic finite element model of a TPBC, the strain magnitudes at the sensor locations were recorded. An experimental ratio (i.e., FBG strain at the first displacement divided by the FBG strain at the second displacement) and a finite element ratio (i.e., finite element strain at the first displacement divided by the finite element strain at the second displacement) were calculated. A linear regression model indicated a statistically significant relationship between the experimental and finite element ratio (P = 0.017) with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.448. It was concluded that the FBG sensor could be used as a measure for a change in strain and thus could be implemented in applications where the mechanical properties of an intact PDL are monitored over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Houg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - A M Camarillo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M R Doschak
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - P W Major
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - T Popowics
- Department of Oral Health Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C R Dennison
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - D L Romanyk
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Gauthier R, Jeannin C, Attik N, Trunfio-Sfarghiu AM, Gritsch K, Grosgogeat B. Tissue Engineering for Periodontal Ligament Regeneration: Biomechanical Specifications. J Biomech Eng 2021; 143:030801. [PMID: 33067629 DOI: 10.1115/1.4048810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The periodontal biomechanical environment is very difficult to investigate. By the complex geometry and composition of the periodontal ligament (PDL), its mechanical behavior is very dependent on the type of loading (compressive versus tensile loading; static versus cyclic loading; uniaxial versus multiaxial) and the location around the root (cervical, middle, or apical). These different aspects of the PDL make it difficult to develop a functional biomaterial to treat periodontal attachment due to periodontal diseases. This review aims to describe the structural and biomechanical properties of the PDL. Particular importance is placed in the close interrelationship that exists between structure and biomechanics: the PDL structural organization is specific to its biomechanical environment, and its biomechanical properties are specific to its structural arrangement. This balance between structure and biomechanics can be explained by a mechanosensitive periodontal cellular activity. These specifications have to be considered in the further tissue engineering strategies for the development of an efficient biomaterial for periodontal tissues regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gauthier
- Univ Lyon - Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Villeurbanne F-69622, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Christophe Jeannin
- Univ Lyon - Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Villeurbanne F-69622, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, Lyon 69008, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service d'Odontologie, Lyon 69007, France
| | - N Attik
- Univ Lyon - Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Villeurbanne F-69622, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, Lyon 69008, France
| | | | - K Gritsch
- Univ Lyon - Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Villeurbanne F-69622, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, Lyon 69008, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service d'Odontologie, Lyon 69007, France
| | - B Grosgogeat
- Univ Lyon - Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Villeurbanne F-69622, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, Lyon 69008, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service d'Odontologie, Lyon 69007, France
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Lin JD, Ryder M, Kang M, Ho SP. Biomechanical pathways of dentoalveolar fibrous joints in health and disease. Periodontol 2000 2020; 82:238-256. [PMID: 31850635 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Spatial and temporal adaptations within periodontal tissues and their interfaces result from functional loads. Functional loads can be physiologic and/or pathologic in nature. The prolonged effect of these loads can alter the overall biomechanics of a dentoalveolar fibrous joint (dentoalveolar joint) by changing the form of the tooth root and its socket. This "sculpting" of the tooth root and alveolar bony socket is a consequence of several mechano-biological changes that occur within the periodontal complex of a load-bearing dentoalveolar joint. These include changes in biochemical expressions, structure, elemental composition, and mechanical properties of alveolar bone, the underlying tissues of the roots of teeth, and their interfaces. These physicochemical changes in tissues continue to prompt mechano-responsive biochemical activities at the attachment sites of periodontal ligament (soft) with bone (hard), and ligament with cementum (hard), which are the entheses of a load-bearing dentoalveolar joint. Forces at soft-hard tissue attachment sites between disparate materials with different stiffness values theoretically generate strain singularities or discontinuities. These discontinuities under prolonged functional loading increase the probability for failure to occur specifically at the enthesial zones. However, in a normal dentoalveolar joint, gradual stiffness gradients exist from ligament to bone, and from ligament to cementum. The gradual transitions in stiffness from softer ligament (lower stiffness) to harder bone or cementum (higher stiffness) or vice versa optimize tissue and interfacial strains. Optimization of tissue and ligament-enthesial physical and chemical properties facilitates transmission of cyclic forces of varying magnitudes and frequencies that collectively maintain the overall biomechanics of a dentoalveolar joint. The objectives of this review are 3-fold: (i) to illustrate physicochemical adaptations at the periodontal ligament entheses of a human periodontal complex affected by subgingival calculus; (ii) to demonstrate how to "program" the hallmarks of periodontitis in small-scale vertebrates in vivo to generate spatiotemporal maps of physicochemical adaptations in a diseased dentoalveolar joint; and (iii) to correlate dentoalveolar joint biomechanics in healthy and diseased states to spatiotemporal maps of physicochemical adaptations within respective periodontal tissues. This interdisciplinary approach demonstrates that physicochemical adaptations within periodontal tissues using the mechanics of materials (tissue mechanics), materials science (tissue composition), and mechano-biology (matrix molecules) can help explain the mechano-adaptation of dentoalveolar joints in normal and diseased functional states. Multiscale biomechanics and mechano-biology approaches can provide insights into the functional competence of a diseased relative to a normal dentoalveolar joint. Insights gathered from interdisciplinary and multiscale biomechanics approaches include the following: (i) physiologic loads related to chewing maintain a balance between mineral-forming and-resorbing biochemical cellular events, resulting in gradual stiffness gradients at the periodontal ligament entheses, and, in turn, sustain the overall biomechanics of a normal "healthy" dentoalveolar joint; (ii) pathologic loads resulting from tissue degradation and physical changes to the periodontal complex promote an abrupt stiffness gradient at the periodontal ligament entheses. The shift from gradual to an abrupt stiffness gradient could prompt a shift in the biochemical cascades, exacerbate mechano-responsive biochemical expressions at periodontal ligament entheses farther away from the site of insult, and culminate in joint degradation; (iii) sustained pathologic function on periodontally diseased joints exacerbates degradation of periodontal ligament entheses providing insights into "rescue therapy", such as the use of an adequate "mechanocal dose" to regain joint function; and (iv) spatiotemporal maps of changes in biochemical expressions, and physicochemical properties of strain-dominated affected sites, including the periodontal ligament entheses, can guide anatomy-specific therapeutics for tissue regeneration and/or disease control with the purpose of regaining dentoalveolar joint function. Modulation of occlusal loads could minimize disease progression and potentially assist in regaining functional attachment of ligament to bone and/or ligament to cementum of the dentoalveolar joint. Elucidating mechanisms that drive the breakdown of the functionally active periodontal complex burdened with microbes will provide the required critical insights into regenerative medicine and/or biomimetic approaches that would facilitate rescue/regain of dentoalveolar joint function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Lin
- Division of Preclinical Education, Biomaterials & Engineering, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mark Ryder
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Misun Kang
- Division of Preclinical Education, Biomaterials & Engineering, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sunita P Ho
- Division of Preclinical Education, Biomaterials & Engineering, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Pei D, Hu X, Jin C, Lu Y, Liu S. Energy Storage and Dissipation of Human Periodontal Ligament during Mastication Movement. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:4028-4035. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hamanaka R, Yamaoka S, Anh TN, Tominaga JY, Koga Y, Yoshida N. Numeric simulation model for long-term orthodontic tooth movement with contact boundary conditions using the finite element method. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017; 152:601-612. [PMID: 29103438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although many attempts have been made to simulate orthodontic tooth movement using the finite element method, most were limited to analyses of the initial displacement in the periodontal ligament and were insufficient to evaluate the effect of orthodontic appliances on long-term tooth movement. Numeric simulation of long-term tooth movement was performed in some studies; however, neither the play between the brackets and archwire nor the interproximal contact forces were considered. The objectives of this study were to simulate long-term orthodontic tooth movement with the edgewise appliance by incorporating those contact conditions into the finite element model and to determine the force system when the space is closed with sliding mechanics. METHODS We constructed a 3-dimensional model of maxillary dentition with 0.022-in brackets and 0.019 × 0.025-in archwire. Forces of 100 cN simulating sliding mechanics were applied. The simulation was accomplished on the assumption that bone remodeling correlates with the initial tooth displacement. RESULTS This method could successfully represent the changes in the moment-to-force ratio: the tooth movement pattern during space closure. CONCLUSIONS We developed a novel method that could simulate the long-term orthodontic tooth movement and accurately determine the force system in the course of time by incorporating contact boundary conditions into finite element analysis. It was also suggested that friction is progressively increased during space closure in sliding mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Hamanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Yamaoka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tuan Nguyen Anh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jun-Ya Tominaga
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Koga
- Department of Orthodontics, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Noriaki Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Bochnig MS, Oh MJ, Nagel T, Ziegler F, Jost-Brinkmann PG. Comparison of the shock absorption capacities of different mouthguards. Dent Traumatol 2017; 33:205-213. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melina Simonetta Bochnig
- Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics; Center for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Min-Jung Oh
- Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics; Center for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Theresa Nagel
- Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics; Center for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Fred Ziegler
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Berlin Germany
| | - Paul-Georg Jost-Brinkmann
- Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics; Center for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
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Kondo T, Hotokezaka H, Hamanaka R, Hashimoto M, Nakano-Tajima T, Arita K, Kurohama T, Ino A, Tominaga JY, Yoshida N. Types of tooth movement, bodily or tipping, do not affect the displacement of the tooth's center of resistance but do affect the alveolar bone resorption. Angle Orthod 2017; 87:563-569. [PMID: 28206811 DOI: 10.2319/110416-794.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate how types of tooth movement, bodily or tipping, influence the displacement of the center of resistance in teeth and alveolar bone resorption. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into eight groups of different factors, as follows: type of movement (bodily and tipping) and force magnitude (10, 25, 50, and 100 cN). The maxillary left first molars were moved mesially with nickel-titanium coil springs for 28 days. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) images were taken before and after tooth movement. The position of the center of resistance was determined by using finite element models constructed from the micro-CT image. The displacement of the center of resistance and the volume of alveolar bone resorption were measured. RESULTS The displacement of the center of resistance showed no significant difference between the bodily and tipping groups. The displacements of the center of resistance were increased with force magnitude at 10 and 25 cN, whereas they were not further increased at 50 and 100 cN. On the other hand, cervical alveolar bone resorption was significantly greater in the tipping group than in the bodily group. CONCLUSIONS Displacement of the center of resistance was not influenced by the types of tooth movement. However, volume of cervical alveolar bone resorption was greater in the tipping movement group than in the bodily movement group.
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HUANG HUIXIANG, TANG WENCHENG, YANG YU, WU BIN, YAN BIN. DETERMINATION OF VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES OF THE PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT USING NANOINDENTATION TESTING AND NUMERICAL MODELING. J MECH MED BIOL 2016; 16:1650089. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519416500895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Viscoelasticity of the periodontal ligament (PDL) plays an important role in load transmission between tooth and alveolar bone, as well as tooth movement. This paper provides a novel nanoindentation experiment in combination with a rheological model to characterize the viscoelastic mechanical properties of the PDL. Two creep models of the indentation experiments with a Berkovich and a spherical indenter based on Zener model were developed. The hardness and reduced modulus were determined by using the Berkovich indenter. The parameters were identified through curve fittings. The fitting results show that the creep models are both in good agreement with the experimental data. Meanwhile, the models were both validated by comparing the numerical curves for load–depth relationship in loading segment with the corresponding experimental data. It is found that the spherical indenter is more suitable for testing the viscoelastic mechanical properties of the PDL than Berkovich indenter. Hence, the nanoindentation experiment with spherical indenter was simulated to further evaluate the Zener model by finite element analysis. The good agreement between the simulated results and experimental data demonstrates that the Zener model is capable of describing the viscoelastic mechanical behavior of the PDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- HUIXIANG HUANG
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Sipailou No. 2, 210096, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - WENCHENG TANG
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Sipailou No. 2, 210096, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - YU YANG
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Sipailou No. 2, 210096, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - BIN WU
- Department of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road No. 159, 210037, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - BIN YAN
- Department of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Hanzhong Road No. 140, 210029, Nanjing, P. R. China
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In vivo determination of tooth mobility after fixed orthodontic appliance therapy with a novel intraoral measurement device. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1283-1289. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1881-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Tuna M, Sunbuloglu E, Bozdag E. Finite element simulation of the behavior of the periodontal ligament: A validated nonlinear contact model. J Biomech 2014; 47:2883-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Patterson A, Popowics T. Experimentalex vivotraumatic intrusion in the mandibular incisors of the farm pig,Sus scrofa. Dent Traumatol 2014; 30:423-8. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracy Popowics
- Department of Oral Health Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle WA USA
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Biomechanics of a bone-periodontal ligament-tooth fibrous joint. J Biomech 2012; 46:443-9. [PMID: 23219279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates bone-tooth association under compression to identify strain amplified sites within the bone-periodontal ligament (PDL)-tooth fibrous joint. Our results indicate that the biomechanical response of the joint is due to a combinatorial response of the constitutive properties of organic, inorganic, and fluid components. Second maxillary molars within intact maxillae (N=8) of 5-month-old rats were loaded with a μ-XCT-compatible in situ loading device at various permutations of displacement rates (0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mm/min) and peak reactionary load responses (5, 10, 15, 20 N). Results indicated a nonlinear biomechanical response of the joint, in which the observed reactionary load rates were directly proportional to displacement rates (velocities). No significant differences in peak reactionary load rates at a displacement rate of 0.2mm/min were observed. However, for displacement rates greater than 0.2mm/min, an increasing trend in reactionary rate was observed for every peak reactionary load with significant increases at 2.0mm/min. Regardless of displacement rates, two distinct behaviors were identified with stiffness (S) and reactionary load rate (LR) values at a peak load of 5 N (S(5 N)=290-523 N/mm) being significantly lower than those at 10 N (LR(5 N)=1-10 N/s) and higher (S(10 N-20 N)=380-684 N/mm; LR(10 N-20 N)=1-19 N/s). Digital image correlation revealed the possibility of a screw-like motion of the tooth into the PDL-space, i.e., predominant vertical displacement of 35 μm at 5 N, followed by a slight increase to 40 μm at 10 N and 50 μm at 20 N of the tooth and potential tooth rotation at loads above 10 N. Narrowed and widened PDL spaces as a result of tooth displacement indicated areas of increased apparent strains within the complex. We propose that such highly strained regions are "hot spots" that can potentiate local tissue adaptation under physiological loading and adverse tissue adaptation under pathological loading conditions.
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