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Sinagra G, Pagura L, Radesich C, Gagno G, Cannata’ A, Barbisan D, Cittar M, Paldino A, Perotto M, Mase’ M, Dal Ferro M, Mazzaro E, Merlo M. Cardiology of the future: xenotransplantation with porcine heart. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022; 24:I160-I164. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The reduced availability of human donor hearts compared with the needs of patients with advanced heart failure refractory to medical therapy has promoted the search for therapeutic alternatives to cardiac allografts. Porcine heart xenotransplantation represents one of the most promising frontiers in this field today. From the first researches in the 1960s to today, the numerous advances achieved in the field of surgical techniques, genetic engineering and immunosuppression have made it possible at the beginning of 2022 to carry out the first swine-to-human heart transplant, attaining a survival of 2 months after surgery. The main intellectual and experimental stages that have marked the history of xenotransplantation, the latest acquisitions in terms of genetic editing, as well as the improvement of immunosuppressive therapy are discussed analytically in this article in order to illustrate the underlying complexity of this therapeutic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Linda Pagura
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiac Surgery, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI)
| | - Cinzia Radesich
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Giulia Gagno
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Antonio Cannata’
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Davide Barbisan
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Marco Cittar
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Alessia Paldino
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Maria Perotto
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Marco Mase’
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Matteo Dal Ferro
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
| | - Enzo Mazzaro
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiac Surgery, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI)
| | - Marco Merlo
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Cardiology, Giuliano Isontina University Health Authority (ASUGI), University of Trieste. European Reference Network for rare, low-prevalence, or complex diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart)
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