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Marchewka WM, Bryniarski KL, Marchewka JM, Popiołek I, Dębski G, Badacz R, Marchewka I, Podolec-Szczepara N, Jasiewicz-Honkisz B, Mikołajczyk TP, Guzik TJ. Sex-specific associations between the environmental exposures and low-grade inflammation and increased blood pressure in young, healthy subjects. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9588. [PMID: 38670971 PMCID: PMC11053153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59078-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposures to environmental factors including airborne as well as noise pollutants, are associated with cardiovascular risk. However, the influence of environmental pollution on the young population is controversial. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the relationships between long-term exposures to different environmental factors and major cardiovascular and inflammatory parameters and biomarkers in young, healthy subjects. Representative sample of permanent residents of two cities differing in air and noise pollution levels, aged 15-21 years, were recruited. Krakow and Lublin, both located in southern Poland, were chosen in relation to their similarities in demographic and geopolitical characteristics, but differences in air pollution (higher in Krakow) and noise parameters (higher in Lublin). A total of 576 subjects were studied: 292 in Krakow and 284 in Lublin. All subjects underwent health questionnaire, blood pressure measurements and biomarker determinations. Inflammatory biomarkers, such as CRP, hs-CRP, fibrinogen as well as homocysteine were all significantly higher in subjects living in Krakow as opposed to subjects living in Lublin (for hsCRP: 0.52 (0.32-0.98) mg/l vs. 0.35 (0.22-0.67) mg/l; p < 0.001). Increased inflammatory biomarker levels were observed in Krakow in both male and female young adults. Interestingly, significant differences were observed in blood pressure between male and female subjects. Males from Krakow had significantly higher mean systolic blood pressure (127.7 ± 10.4 mm/Hg vs. 122.4 ± 13.0 mm/Hg; p = 0.001), pulse pressure (58.7 ± 8.9 mm/Hg vs. 51.4 ± 12.3 mm/Hg; p < 0.001) and lower heart rate (p < 0.001) as compared to males living in Lublin. This was not observed in young adult females. Long-term exposure to environmental factors related to the place of residence can significantly influence inflammatory and cardiovascular parameters, even in young individuals. Interestingly, among otherwise healthy young adults, blood pressure differences exhibited significant variations based on biological sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech M Marchewka
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skarbowa 1, 31-121, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, 5th Military Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof L Bryniarski
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jakub M Marchewka
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, 5th Military Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Iwona Popiołek
- Department of Toxicology and Environmental Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Dębski
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, 5th Military Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rafał Badacz
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ida Marchewka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Jasiewicz-Honkisz
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skarbowa 1, 31-121, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz P Mikołajczyk
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skarbowa 1, 31-121, Krakow, Poland
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skarbowa 1, 31-121, Krakow, Poland.
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Dasari SS, Archer M, Mohamed NE, Tewari AK, Figueiro MG, Kyprianou N. Circadian Rhythm Disruption as a Contributor to Racial Disparities in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205116. [PMID: 36291899 PMCID: PMC9600368 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the United States, African American (AA) men have a 2.4 times higher mortality rate due to prostate cancer than White men. The multifactorial causes of the racial disparities in prostate cancer involve various social determinants of health, socioeconomic status, and access to healthcare. However, emerging evidence also suggests that circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) contributes to prostate cancer, and AA men may be more susceptible to developing CRDs. Circadian rhythms play a significant role in metabolism, hormone secretion, and sleep/wake cycles. Disruption in these circadian rhythms can be caused by airplane travel/jetlag, night shift work, exposure to light, and neighborhood noise levels, which can contribute to sleep disorders and chronic conditions such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and depression. The drivers of the racial disparities in CRD include night shift work, racial discrimination, elevated stress, and residing in poor neighborhoods characterized by high noise pollution. Given the increased vulnerability of AA men to CRDs, and the role that CRDs play in prostate cancer, elucidating the clock-related prostate cancer pathways and their behavior and environmental covariates may be critical to better understanding and reducing the racial disparities in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali S. Dasari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Maddison Archer
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nihal E. Mohamed
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Health, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ashutosh K. Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Health, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mariana G. Figueiro
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Health, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Light and Health Research Center, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: (M.G.F.); (N.K.)
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Health, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: (M.G.F.); (N.K.)
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Li H, Kilgallen AB, Münzel T, Wolf E, Lecour S, Schulz R, Daiber A, Van Laake LW. Influence of mental stress and environmental toxins on circadian clocks: Implications for redox regulation of the heart and cardioprotection. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5393-5412. [PMID: 31833063 PMCID: PMC7680009 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Risk factors in the environment such as air pollution and mental stress contribute to the development of chronic non-communicable disease. Air pollution was identified as the leading health risk factor in the physical environment, followed by water pollution, soil pollution/heavy metals/chemicals and occupational exposures, however neglecting the non-chemical environmental health risk factors (e.g. mental stress and noise). Epidemiological data suggest that environmental risk factors are associated with higher risk for cardiovascular, metabolic and mental diseases, including hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes, arrhythmia, stroke, depression and anxiety disorders. We provide an overview on the impact of the external exposome comprising risk factors/exposures on cardiovascular health with a focus on dysregulation of stress hormones, mitochondrial function, redox balance and inflammation with special emphasis on the circadian clock. Finally, we assess the impact of circadian clock dysregulation on cardiovascular health and the potential of environment-specific preventive strategies or "chrono" therapy for cardioprotection. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.23/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aoife B Kilgallen
- Division Heart and Lungs and Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Center of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs and Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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