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Pajjuru VS, Thandra A, Guddeti RR, Walters RW, Jhand A, Andukuri VG, Alkhouli M, Spertus JA, Md VMA. Sex Differences in Mortality and 90-day Readmission Rates after Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR): A Nationwide Analysis from the United States. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2021; 8:135-142. [PMID: 33585884 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess gender differences in in-hospital mortality and 90-day readmission rates among patients undergoing Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in the United States. METHODS AND RESULTS Hospitalizations for TAVR were retrospectively identified in the National readmissions database (NRD) from 2012-2017. Gender based differences in in-hospital mortality and 90-day readmissions were explored using multivariable logistic regression models. During the study period, an estimated 171,361 hospitalizations for TAVR were identified, including 79,722 (46.5%) procedures in women and 91,639 (53.5%) in men. Unadjusted in-hospital mortality and 90-day all-cause readmissions were significantly higher for women compared to men (2.7% vs. 2.3%, p = .002; 25.1% vs. 24.1%; p = .012 respectively). After adjusting for baseline characteristics, women had 13% greater adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality (aOR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02-1.26, p = .017), and 9% greater adjusted odds of 90-day readmission compared to men (aOR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.14, p < .001). During the study period, there was a steady decrease in hospital mortality (5.3% in 2012 to 1.6% in 2017; ptrend < .001) and 90-day (29.9% in 2012 to 21.7% in 2017; ptrend < .001) readmission rate in both genders. CONCLUSION In-hospital mortality and readmission rates for TAVR hospitalizations have decreased over time across both genders. Despite these improvements, women undergoing TAVR continue to have a modestly higher in-hospital mortality, and 90-day readmission rates compared to men. Given the expanding indications and use of TAVR, further research is necessary to identify the reasons for this persistent gap and design appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata S Pajjuru
- Department of Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Abhishek Thandra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Raviteja R Guddeti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ryan W Walters
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Research and Evaluative Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Aravdeep Jhand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Venkata G Andukuri
- Department of Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mohamad Alkhouli
- Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - John A Spertus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute/University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Venkata M Alla Md
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
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Akintoye E, Ando T, Sandio A, Adegbala O, Salih M, Zubairu J, Oseni A, Sistla P, Alqasrawi M, Egbe A, Mentias A, Afonso L, Briasoulis A, Panaich S, Desai MY. Aortic Valve Replacement for Severe Aortic Stenosis Before and During the Era of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2020; 126:73-81. [PMID: 32336533 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent positive results of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVI) in clinical trials have sparked debate on whether TAVI should be first line for all patients with aortic stenosis. However, limited evidence exists on the clinical impact of TAVI on a national level. Using the national inpatient sample (NIS) of hospital discharges in the United States from 2001 to 2016, we evaluated the rate of AVR and associated in-hospital outcomes in pre-TAVI and TAVI era. Hierarchical mixed effect modeling was used to assess for trend and calculate risk adjusted estimates. Annual volume of AVR increased from 49,357 in 2001 to 100,050 in 2016 (103% increase). Compared with the pre-TAVI era, mean annual change in volume of AVR was higher in the TAVI era (+2.9% vs +9.4%, respectively, p <0.001). In contrast, rate of in-hospital mortality decreased from 5.4% in 2001 to 2.7% in 2016 (50% decrease). Compared with the pre-TAVI era, magnitude of mean annual change in mortality was higher in TAVI era (-4.0% vs -6.7%, respectively, p = 0.04). Unlike SAVR for which risk-adjusted rate for most outcomes seems to have plateaued, TAVI demonstrated significant improvement from 2012 to 2016 for mortality (4.6% to 1.8%), acute kidney injury (15.1% to 2.6%) and nonroutine home discharge (63.6% to 44.6%). However, no significant change in the rate of stroke (2.4% to 2.1%) and pacemaker implantation remained high (8.1% to 9.4%). Lastly, median length of stay was shorter for TAVI compared with isolated SAVR (3 vs 8 days, respectively). In conclusion, the adoption of TAVI has led to increase in volume of AVR for severe aortic stenosis in the United States with favorable short-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Akintoye
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.
| | - Tomo Ando
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Aubin Sandio
- Division of Cardiology, Wayne State University/Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Oluwole Adegbala
- Division of Cardiology, Wayne State University/Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Mohamed Salih
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Josiah Zubairu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Abdullahi Oseni
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Phanicharan Sistla
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Musab Alqasrawi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Alexander Egbe
- Division of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Amgad Mentias
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Luis Afonso
- Division of Cardiology, Wayne State University/Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Alexandros Briasoulis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Sidakpal Panaich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Milind Y Desai
- Center for Heart Valve Disease, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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