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Amini MR, Payandeh N, Sheikhhossein F, Alvani M, Talebyan A, Mohtashaminia F, Hekmatdoost A. The Effects of Capsinoids and Fermented Red Pepper Paste Supplementation on Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Nutr Res 2022; 11:302-315. [PMID: 36381475 PMCID: PMC9633970 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2022.11.4.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in order to investigate the effects of capsinoids and fermented red pepper paste (FRPP) supplementation on lipid profile. Relevant studies were identified by searches of five databases from inception to November 2021 using relevant keywords. All clinical trials investigating the effect of capsinoids and FRPP on total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were included. Out of 1,203 citations, eight trials that enrolled 393 participants were included. Capsinoids and FRPP resulted in a significant reduction in TC (weighted mean differences [WMD], -9.92 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval [CI], -17.92 to -1.92; p = 0.015) but no significant changes in TG (WMD, -19.38 mg/dL; 95% CI, -39.94 to 1.18; p = 0.065), HDL-C (WMD, 0.83 mg/dL; 95% CI, -0.76 to 2.42; p = 0.305) and LDL-C (WMD, -0.59 mg/dL; 95% CI, -4.96 to 3.79; p = 0.793). Greater effects on TC were detected in trials performed on duration lasting less than twelve weeks, mean age of > 40, both sexes, and sample size of > 50. TG was reduced by using FRPP in studies conducted on mean age of > 40. HDL-C increased by using FRPP in studies conducted on duration of < 12 weeks, mean age of > 40, and sample size of ≤ 50. Overall, these data provided evidence that capsinoids and FRPP supplementation has beneficial effects on TC but not TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Amini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 198396-3113, Iran
| | - Nastaran Payandeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14155-6117, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sheikhhossein
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14155-6117, Iran
| | - Mohsen Alvani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Alireza Talebyan
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohtashaminia
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14155-6117, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 198396-3113, Iran
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Sun Y, Ren J, Zhu S, Zhang Z, Guo Z, An J, Yin B, Ma Y. The Effects of Sesamin Supplementation on Obesity, Blood Pressure, and Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:842152. [PMID: 35311241 PMCID: PMC8931661 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.842152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Sesamin, the main lignin constituent of sesame, plays a pivotal role in regulating physical state. Some studies have evidenced that the supplementation of sesamin may decrease cardiovascular disease risk. The goal of this systematic review was to summarize evidence of the effects of sesamin supplementation on obesity, blood pressure, and lipid profile in humans by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. DATA SYNTHESIS Five databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched electronically from inception to July 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials that assessed the impact of sesamin on obesity, blood pressure, and lipid profile. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and standard deviation (SD) were used to present the major outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Seven trials (n = 212 participants) were included in the overall analysis. Results showed that sesamin supplementation caused a great reduction in TC (WMD: -10.893 mg/dl, 95% CI: -19.745 to -2.041, p = 0.016), LDL-c (WMD: -8.429 mg/dl, 95% CI: -16.086 to -0.771, p = 0.031), and SBP (WMD: -3.662 mmHg, 95% CI: -6.220 to -1.105, p = 0.005), whereas it had no effect on HDL-c, TG, DBP, or weight. Subgroup analysis showed that duration, parallel design, and unhealthy status can affect TC, LDL-c, and SBP evidently. We did not discover a strong link between indicators' changes and duration of supplementation. Sesamin can be used as an obtainable dietary supplement to improve blood pressure and blood lipids, and further as a health product to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Sun
- Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingyi Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Siqi Zhu
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenao Zhang
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zihao Guo
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaqi An
- Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bowen Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Yuxia Ma,
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Sirtuin1 and Sirtuin3 gene polymorphisms and acute myocardial infarction susceptibility. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Intravenous Curcumin Mitigates Atherosclerosis Progression in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1308:45-54. [PMID: 33861436 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Orally administered curcumin has been found to have a moderate therapeutic effect on dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. The present study was conducted to determine lipid-modulating and antiatherosclerosis effects of injectable curcumin in the rabbit model of atherosclerosis induced by a high cholesterol diet (HCD). New Zealand white male rabbits were fed on a normal chow enriched with 0.5% (w/w) cholesterol for 8 weeks. Atherosclerotic rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, including a control group receiving intravenous (IV) injection of the saline buffer, two treatment groups receiving IV administration of the injectable curcumin at low (1 mg/kg/week) and high (10 mg/kg/week) over 4 weeks. Plasma lipid parameters, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) were measured. Aortic arch atherosclerotic lesions were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The low dose of curcumin significantly reduced plasma levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG by -14.19 ± 5.19%, -6.22 ± 1.77%, and - 29.84 ± 10.14%, respectively, and increased HDL-C by 14.05 ± 6.39% (p < 0.05). High dose of curcumin exerted greater lipid-modifying effects, in which plasma levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by -56.59 ± 10.22%, -44.36 ± 3.24%, and - 25.92 ± 5.57%, respectively, and HDL-C was significantly increased by 36.24 ± 12.5%. H&E staining showed that the lesion severity was lowered significantly in the high dose (p = 0.03) but not significantly (p > 0.05) in the low-dose curcumin groups, compared to control rabbits. The median (interquartile range) of plaque grades in the high dose and low dose, and control groups was found to be 2 [2-3], 3 [2-3], and 4 [3-4], respectively. The injectable curcumin could significantly improve dyslipidemia and alleviate atherosclerotic lesion in HCD-induced atherosclerotic rabbits.
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Effects of melatonin supplementation on blood lipid concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:1943-1954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Sahebkar A. Effects of quercetin supplementation on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:666-676. [PMID: 25897620 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.948609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of promising experimental findings, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have yielded mixed results on the impact of quercetin supplementation on plasma lipid levels. AIM The present study aimed to quantify the effects of quercetin on plasma lipids using a meta-analysis of RCTs. METHODS A systematic literature search of Medline was conducted for RCTs that investigated the efficacy of quercetin supplementation on plasma lipids comprising total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for net changes in lipid concentrations using a random-effects model. Meta-regression analysis was conducted to assess the effect of quercetin dose and duration of supplementation as moderators on the calculated effect measures. RESULTS Five RCTs totaling 442 subjects (221 in the quercetin and 221 in the control group) fulfilled the eligibility criteria and selected for analyses. Combined estimate of effect size for the impact of quercetin on plasma LDL-C (WMD: 1.43 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.92-3.78, p = 0.23), HDL-C (WMD: 0.26 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.74-1.25, p = 0.61) and triglycerides (WMD: -9.42 mg/dL, 95% CI: -27.80-8.96, p = 0.32) was not statistically significant. However, a borderline significant but clinically non-relevant increase in total cholesterol was observed (WMD: 3.13 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.01-6.27, p = 0.05). When the analysis was confined to the subgroups of studies with quercetin doses ≥500 mg/day and follow-up of ≥ 4 weeks, a significant increase in total cholesterol (WMD: 3.57 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.21-6.92, p = 0.04) and a decline in triglycerides (WMD: -24.54 mg/dL, 95% CI: -33.09 to -15.99, p < 0.00001) was observed, but LDL-C and HDL-C concentrations remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Changes in plasma triglycerides, but not other indices of lipid profile, were significantly associated with quercetin dose (slope: -0.057; 95% CI: -0.103 to -0.010; p = 0.02) and duration of supplementation (slope: -5.314; 95% CI: -9.482 to -1.147; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Available evidence from RCTs does not suggest any clinically relevant effect of quercetin supplementation on plasma lipids, apart from a significant reduction of triglycerides at doses above 50 mg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Sahebkar
- a Biotechnology Research Center , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran.,b Cardiovascular Research Center , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
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Minarikova Z, Gaspar L, Kruzliak P, Celecová Z, Oravec S. The effects of treatment on lipoprotein subfractions evaluated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:158. [PMID: 25300222 PMCID: PMC4210611 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherogenic dyslipoproteinemia is one of the most important risk factor for atherosclerotic changes development. Hypothyroidism is one of the most common causes of secondary dyslipidemias which results from reduced LDL clearance and therefore raised levels of LDL and apoB. Association between small dense LDL (sdLDL) presentation and thyroid status has been examinated using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for lipoprotein subfractions evaluation. METHODS 40 patients with diagnosed autoimmune hypothyroidism and 30 patients with autoimmune hyperthyroidism were treated with thyroxine replacement or thyreo-suppressive treatment. In both groups lipid profiles, LDL subractions, apolipoproteins (apoA1, apoB), apoA1/apoB ratio and atherogenic index of plazma (AIP) were examined before treatment and in state of euthyreosis. RESULTS Thyroxine replacement therapy significantly reduced levels of total cholesterol (TC), LDL, triglycerides (TG) and also decreased levels of sdLDL (8,55±11,671 vs 0,83±1,693mg/dl; p<0,001), apoB and AIP. For estimation of atherogenic lipoprotein profile existence an AIP evaluation seems to be better than apoB measurement because of the more evident relationship with sdLDL (r=0,538; p<0,01). Thyreo-suppressive therapy significantly increased levels of TC, LDL, TG and apoB. The sdLDL was not found in hyperthyroid patients. CONCLUSIONS Atherogenic lipoprotein profile was present in 52.5% of hypothyroid subjects, which is higher prevalence than in normal, age-related population. Substitution treatment leads to an improvement of the lipid levels, TG, apoB, AIP and LDL subclasses. It significantly changed the presentation of sdLDL - we noticed shift to large, less atherogenic LDL particles. Significantly positive correlation between sdLDL and TAG; sdLDL and VLDL alerts to hypertriglyceridemia as a major cardiovascular risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Minarikova
- />2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital and Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ludovit Gaspar
- />2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital and Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- />Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital and Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, Brno, 656 91 Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Celecová
- />2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital and Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of L. N. Jégé, M.D, Dolný Kubín, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Oravec
- />2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital and Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- />Krankenanstalten Labor Dr. Dostal, Vienna, Austria
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Zea Robles AC, León-Ariza H, Botero-Rosas DA, Afanador-Castañeda HD, Pinzón-Bravo LA. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y su relación con la composición corporal en estudiantes universitarios. Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) 2014. [DOI: 10.15446/rsap.v16n4.38878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Sahebkar A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of curcumin on blood lipid levels. Clin Nutr 2014; 33:406-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Sirimarco G, Labreuche J, Bruckert E, Goldstein LB, Fox KM, Rothwell PM, Amarenco P, Bousser MG, Chamorro A, Ford I, Fox K, Fisher M, Hennerici MG, Mattle H, Rothwell PM, Callahan F, Goldstein LB, Sillesen H, Welch KMA, Zivin JA. Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Residual Cardiovascular Risk in Statin-Treated Patients. Stroke 2014; 45:1429-36. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.113.004229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Treatment with statins reduces the rate of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients, but residual risk persists. At least part of that risk may be attributable to atherogenic dyslipidemia characterized by low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (≤40 mg/dL) and high triglycerides (triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL).
Methods—
We studied subjects with stroke or transient ischemic attack in the Prevention of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Events of Ischemic Origin With Terutroban in Patients With a History of Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (PERFORM; n=19 100) and Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL; n=4731) trials who were treated with a statin and who had high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides measurements 3 months after randomization (n=10 498 and 2900, respectively). The primary outcome measure for this exploratory analysis was the occurrence of major cardiovascular events (nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death). We also performed a time-varying analysis to account for all available high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride measurements.
Results—
A total of 10% of subjects in PERFORM and 9% in SPARCL had atherogenic dyslipidemia after ≥3 months on start statin therapy. After a follow-up of 2.3 years (PERFORM) and 4.9 years (SPARCL), a major cardiovascular event occurred in 1123 and 485 patients in the 2 trials, respectively. The risk of major cardiovascular events was higher in subjects with versus those without atherogenic dyslipidemia in both PERFORM (hazard ratio, 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–1.63) and SPARCL (hazard ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.85). The association was attenuated after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.48 in PERFORM and hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.93–1.65 in SPARCL). Time-varying analysis confirmed these findings.
Conclusions—
The presence of atherogenic dyslipidemia was associated with higher residual cardiovascular risk in PERFORM and SPARCL subjects with stroke or transient ischemic attack receiving statin therapy. Specific therapeutic interventions should now be trialed to address this residual risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Sirimarco
- From the INSERM U698 and Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (G.S., J.L., P.A.); Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France (G.S., P.A.); Department of Biostatistics, EA2694, UDSL, University of Lille Nord de France, CHU Lille, Lille, France (J.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France (E.B.); Department of Neurology, Duke Comprehensive Stroke Center, Durham VAMC, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); NHLI
| | - Julien Labreuche
- From the INSERM U698 and Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (G.S., J.L., P.A.); Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France (G.S., P.A.); Department of Biostatistics, EA2694, UDSL, University of Lille Nord de France, CHU Lille, Lille, France (J.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France (E.B.); Department of Neurology, Duke Comprehensive Stroke Center, Durham VAMC, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); NHLI
| | - Eric Bruckert
- From the INSERM U698 and Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (G.S., J.L., P.A.); Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France (G.S., P.A.); Department of Biostatistics, EA2694, UDSL, University of Lille Nord de France, CHU Lille, Lille, France (J.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France (E.B.); Department of Neurology, Duke Comprehensive Stroke Center, Durham VAMC, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); NHLI
| | - Larry B. Goldstein
- From the INSERM U698 and Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (G.S., J.L., P.A.); Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France (G.S., P.A.); Department of Biostatistics, EA2694, UDSL, University of Lille Nord de France, CHU Lille, Lille, France (J.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France (E.B.); Department of Neurology, Duke Comprehensive Stroke Center, Durham VAMC, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); NHLI
| | - Kim M. Fox
- From the INSERM U698 and Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (G.S., J.L., P.A.); Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France (G.S., P.A.); Department of Biostatistics, EA2694, UDSL, University of Lille Nord de France, CHU Lille, Lille, France (J.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France (E.B.); Department of Neurology, Duke Comprehensive Stroke Center, Durham VAMC, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); NHLI
| | - Peter M. Rothwell
- From the INSERM U698 and Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (G.S., J.L., P.A.); Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France (G.S., P.A.); Department of Biostatistics, EA2694, UDSL, University of Lille Nord de France, CHU Lille, Lille, France (J.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France (E.B.); Department of Neurology, Duke Comprehensive Stroke Center, Durham VAMC, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); NHLI
| | - Pierre Amarenco
- From the INSERM U698 and Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (G.S., J.L., P.A.); Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France (G.S., P.A.); Department of Biostatistics, EA2694, UDSL, University of Lille Nord de France, CHU Lille, Lille, France (J.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France (E.B.); Department of Neurology, Duke Comprehensive Stroke Center, Durham VAMC, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); NHLI
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Sahebkar A. Effects of resveratrol supplementation on plasma lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2013; 71:822-35. [PMID: 24111838 DOI: 10.1111/nure.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic review and meta-analysis of available evidence was conducted to obtain a conclusive result on the lipid-modulating effects of resveratrol. Seven randomized controlled trials with a total of 282 subjects (141 in each group) met the eligibility criteria. Overall, resveratrol supplementation had no significant effect on any of the lipid parameters assessed: total cholesterol (weighted mean difference [WMD] -8.70; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] -21.54-4.14; P = 0.18), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD -3.22; 95% CI -12.56-6.12); P = 0.50), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD -0.26; 95% CI -4.25-3.73; P = 0.90), and triglycerides (WMD -4.30; 95% CI -20.22-11.63; P = 0.60). These results were robust in sensitivity analysis and were not dependent on the resveratrol dose, the duration of supplementation, or the cardiovascular risk status of the population studied. While future large-scale, well-designed trials are warranted, the current evidence suggests that mechanisms other than hypolipidemic effects account for the established cardioprotective properties of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Role of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in multifactorial adverse cardiac remodeling associated with metabolic syndrome. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:367245. [PMID: 23365487 PMCID: PMC3556856 DOI: 10.1155/2013/367245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome has been widely associated with an increased risk for acute cardiovascular events. Emerging evidence supports metabolic syndrome as a condition favoring an adverse cardiac remodeling, which might evolve towards heart dysfunction and failure. This pathological remodeling has been described to result from the cardiac adaptive response to clinical mechanical conditions (such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia), soluble inflammatory molecules (such as cytokines and chemokines), as well as hormones (such as insulin), characterizing the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. Moreover, these cardiac processes (resulting in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis) are also associated with the modulation of intracellular signalling pathways within cardiomyocytes. Amongst the different intracellular kinases, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were shown to be involved in heart damage in metabolic syndrome. However, their role remains controversial. In this paper, we will discuss and update evidence on MAPK-mediated mechanisms underlying cardiac adverse remodeling associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Fibrates effect on cardiovascular risk is greater in patients with high triglyceride levels or atherogenic dyslipidemia profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2012; 57:267-72. [PMID: 21052016 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e318202709f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
According to recently published data, fibrates may reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events. Whether patients with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high triglyceride levels, or both may have additional benefits remains under debate.We performed a meta-analysis of the 5 large trials assessing the impact of fibrates on cardiovascular end points and providing information on low HDL-C and high triglyceride levels. Subgroups were determined according to values closest to predetermined cut-offs for both HDL-C and triglycerides (<35 and >200 mg/dL, respectively). Overall, 4671 patients (2401 in fibrate group and 2270 in placebo group) were classified as having an atherogenic dyslipidemia featuring low HDLC combined with high triglyceride levels. Across trials, the proportion of patients classified in this subgroup ranged from 11% to 33%. We found a significant difference in the magnitude of fibrate effect across dyslipidemia subgroups (P for between-group heterogeneity = 0.0002). A greater effect size was found in patients with high triglyceride levels or atherogenic dyslipidemia phenotype where fibrates were estimated to reduce the cardiovascular risk by 28% [95% confidence interval (CI), 15% to 39%; P < 0.001] or 30% (95% CI, 19% to 40%, P < 0.0001), respectively, but only by 6% (95% CI, 22% to 13%, P = 0.13) in nonatherogenic dyslipidemia patients. Targeting patients with high triglyceride levels or atherogenic dyslipidemia with fibrates may help reduce residual vascular risk.
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Documento Abordaje de la dislipidemia. Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (parte II). CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Abstract
To assess the non-LDL-C-related dyslipidaemia risk of MI, 823 men aged 23 to 65 with a first MI were compared with 823 MI-free PROCAM controls matched for sex, age, smoking, DM, BP and LDL-C. Overall, the odds of MI in men with HDL-C < 1.15 mmol/L were 2.6 times those of men with HDL-C >or= 1.15 mmol/L, and the odds of MI in men with triglycerides >or= 1.71 mmol/L were 1.4 times those of men with lower triglycerides. If LDL-C was < 2.58 mmol/L, relative MI odds attributed to HDL-C < 1.15 mmol/L increased to 3.4, while relative odds attributed to triglycerides >or= 1.71 mmol/L increased to 2.6; men in this LDL category with HDL-C < 1.15 mmol/L and/or triglycerides >or= 1.71 mmol/L displayed an MI odds ratio of 5.0. MI risk associated with low HDL-C and/or high triglycerides is substantial, particularly if LDL-C is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Assmann
- Assmann Stiftung für Prävention, Johann-Krane Weg 23, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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Residual Risk Reduction Initiative: výzva ke snížení reziduálního vaskulárního rizika u pacientů s dyslipidemií. COR ET VASA 2010. [DOI: 10.33678/cor.2010.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Steiner G. How Can We Improve the Management of Vascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: Insights from FIELD. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2009; 23:403-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-009-6190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Can leukocyte telomere length (LTL) be considered as an index in application of neural network in the atherosclerosis risk stratification? Int J Cardiol 2009; 144:136-7. [PMID: 19176257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.12.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Fruchart JC, Sacks FM, Hermans MP, Assmann G, Brown WV, Ceska R, Chapman MJ, Dodson PM, Fioretto P, Ginsberg HN, Kadowaki T, Lablanche JM, Marx N, Plutzky J, Reiner Z, Rosenson RS, Staels B, Stock JK, Sy R, Wanner C, Zambon A, Zimmet P. The Residual Risk Reduction Initiative: a call to action to reduce residual vascular risk in dyslipidaemic patient. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2008; 5:319-35. [PMID: 18958843 DOI: 10.3132/dvdr.2008.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite current standards of care aimed at achieving targets for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, blood pressure and glycaemia, dyslipidaemic patients remain at high residual risk of vascular events. Atherogenic dyslipidaemia, specifically elevated triglycerides and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, often with elevated apolipoprotein B and non-HDL cholesterol, is common in patients with established cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity or metabolic syndrome and is associated with macrovascular and microvascular residual risk. The Residual Risk Reduction Initiative (R3I) was established to address this important issue. This position paper aims to highlight evidence that atherogenic dyslipidaemia contributes to residual macrovascular risk and microvascular complications despite current standards of care for dyslipidaemia and diabetes, and to recommend therapeutic intervention for reducing this, supported by evidence and expert consensus. Lifestyle modification is an important first step. Additionally, pharmacotherapy is often required. Adding niacin, a fibrate or omega-3 fatty acids to statin therapy improves achievement of all lipid risk factors. Outcomes studies are evaluating whether these strategies translate to greater clinical benefit than statin therapy alone. In conclusion, the R3I highlights the need to address with lifestyle and/or pharmacotherapy the high level of residual vascular risk among dyslipidaemic patients who are treated in accordance with current standards of care.
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