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Cheang I, Liao S, Zhu Q, Ni G, Wei C, Jia Z, Wu Y, Li X. Integrating Evidence of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Continuum. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:867521. [PMID: 35370696 PMCID: PMC8964948 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.867521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has become a major public health problem. The concept of “cardiovascular continuum” refers to the continuous process from the risk factors that lead to arteriosclerosis, vulnerable plaque rupture, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, heart failure, and death. These characteristics of etiology and progressive development coincide with the idea of “preventing disease” in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which corresponds to the process of systemic intervention. With the update of the understanding via translational medicine, this article reviews the current evidence of the TCM collateral disease theory set prescriptions in both mechanical and clinical aspects, which could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iokfai Cheang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengen Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gehui Ni
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cong Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Yiling Hospital, Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Collateral Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Yiling Hospital, Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Collateral Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yiling Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Yiling Hospital, Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Collateral Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang XW, Sui Y, Liu XX, Fu CY, Qiao YH, Liu WJ, Li ZZ, Li XQ, Cao W. Structures and anti-atherosclerotic effects of 1,6-α-glucans from Fructus Corni. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:1346-1357. [PMID: 32784023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two homogeneous polysaccharides (PFC-1 and PFC-2) having anti-atherosclerotic activity were isolated from Fructus Corni. PFC-1 and PFC-2 were 1,6-α-glucans with the molecular weight of 4.4 kDa and 82.0 kDa, respectively. In the in vitro experiments, PFC-1 and PFC-2 showed significant inhibitory effects on the cholesterol accumulation in RAW264.7 macrophages induced by oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), and the inhibitory rate of PFC-2 was 81.62%. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) were used to evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic effects of PFC-2 in vivo. The aortic root lipid area decreased by 55.01% in the PFC-2-administered group as compared to the model group. PFC-2 decreased the levels of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and malondialdehyde, increased the superoxide dismutase activity, and reduced the contents of lipid and macrophages in the aortic sinus plaque in ApoE-/- mice fed with HFD. Furthermore, PFC-2 markedly inhibited the expression of type A1 scavenger receptor (SR-A1) and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) in ox-LDL-treated macrophages. Taken together, 1,6-α-glucans from Fructus Corni showed significant anti-atherogenic effect, and the mechanism is related to enhanced antioxidant activity of the ApoE-/- mice and down-regulated the expression of SR-A1 and CD36 proteins in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Natural Medicine & Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Shangluo University, Shangluo 726000, China
| | - Yi Sui
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Fu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yu-He Qiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ze-Zhi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Wei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Natural Medicine & Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Zhang M, Liu Y, Xu M, Zhang L, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhao Y, Zhu F, Xu R, Ou Z, Wang Y, Liu Q, Ma S, Wang T, He M, Lu Q, Li H, Huang J, Zhang Y. Carotid artery plaque intervention with Tongxinluo capsule (CAPITAL): A multicenter randomized double-blind parallel-group placebo-controlled study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4545. [PMID: 30872737 PMCID: PMC6418108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether the traditional Chinese medicine Tongxinluo (TXL) is efficacious at retarding the progression of carotid atherosclerotic lesions, a total of 1,212 patients with a focal intima-media thickness (IMT) of ≥1.2 mm of the carotid arteries received TXL or placebo capsules in addition to current routine therapy. The primary outcome was between-group differences in annualized change in mean IMT of 12 sites of bilateral carotid arteries over 24 months. The secondary outcomes were between-group differences in plaque area, vascular remodeling index (RI), serum levels of lipids and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and a composite of first major cardiovascular events. The results showed that the annualized change in mean IMT in the TXL and placebo groups was -0.00095 (95% CI, -0.00330 to 0.00141) mm and 0.01312 (95% CI, 0.01076 to 0.01548) mm, respectively, with a difference between the two groups of -0.01407 (95% CI, -0.01740 to -0.01073) mm (P < 0.001). Compared with placebo, TXL treatment significantly reduced the change from baseline in the plaque area and RI, as well as the first major cardiovascular events. In conclusion, TXL retarded the progression of mean IMT, plaque area and vascular remodeling of the carotid artery with a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingjun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shen Yang, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhihong Ou
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Linyi City, Lin Yi, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Jinan, China
| | - Qigong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuping Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei Provincial People's Hospital, Shi Jiazhuang, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Traffic Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Maolin He
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Honghua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Region, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihan Huang
- Center for Drug Clinical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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VEGF-A/VEGFR-2 and FGF-2/FGFR-1 but not PDGF-BB/PDGFR-β play important roles in promoting immature and inflammatory intraplaque angiogenesis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201395. [PMID: 30125282 PMCID: PMC6101364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Various angiogenic factors have been shown to play important roles in intraplaque angiogenesis, while little is known about the dynamic expression change and interplay between various angiogenic factors and intraplaque angiogenesis under high cholesterol conditions. New Zealand rabbits underwent balloon injury of the abdominal artery and then were assigned to a control group (n = 15, normal chow) or high cholesterol group (n = 25, 1% high cholesterol diet). At weeks 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 after acclimation, rabbits (high cholesterol group, n = 5; control group, n = 3) were euthanized. No lesions were observed in the control group. From week 4 to week 12, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), FGF receptor 1 (FGFR-1), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), the vulnerability index (VI) and the microvessel density (MVD) were significantly elevated in the high cholesterol group; however, PDGF receptor β (PDGFR-β) expression showed little change. Analysis by double-label immunofluorescence (CD31 and Ng2) and FITC-dextran indicated that the neovessels within the plaque were leaky due to a lack of pericytes. As indicated by Pearson’s correlation analysis, there was a highly positive correlation between the VI, MVD, macrophage content, and TNF-α level, and the levels of VEGF-A/VEGFR-2 and FGF-2/FGFR-1. However, no correlations were observed between PDGFR-β levels and the VI or MVD. High expression of VEGF-A/VEGFR-2 and FGF-2/FGFR-1 but not of PDGF-BB/PDGFR-β may contribute to immature and inflammatory intraplaque angiogenesis and plaque instability in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis.
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The Signaling Pathways Involved in the Antiatherosclerotic Effects Produced by Chinese Herbal Medicines. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5392375. [PMID: 30009170 PMCID: PMC6020658 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5392375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are considered to be the predominant cause of death in the world. Chinese herb medicines (CHMs) have been widely used for the treatment of CVDs in Asian countries for thousands of years. One reason of high efficacy of CHMs in treating CVDs is attributed to their inhibition in atherosclerosis (AS) development, a critical contributor to CVDs occurrence. Cumulative studies have demonstrated that CHMs alleviate atherogenesis via mediating pathophysiologic events involved in AS. However, there is deficiency in the summaries regarding antiatherogenic signal pathways regulated by CHMs. In this review, we focus on the signal cascades by which herb medicines and relevant extractives, derivatives, and patents improve proatherogenic processes including endothelium dysfunction, lipid accumulation, and inflammation. We mainly elaborate the CHMs-mediated signaling pathways in endothelial cells, macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells of each pathogenic event. Moreover, we briefly describe the other AS-related factors such as thrombosis, autophagy, immune response, and noncoding RNAs and effects of CHMs on them in the way of cascade regulation, which is helpful to further illustrate the molecular mechanisms of AS initiation and progression and discover newly effective agents for AS management.
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Chen Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Di M, Chen W, Liu X, Yu F, Wang H, Zhen X, Zhang M. Traditional Chinese medication Tongxinluo attenuates apoptosis in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages by enhancing Beclin-1-induced autophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:336-342. [PMID: 29550482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In advanced atherosclerosis, a large number of necrotic core increases plaque vulnerability, which leads to the occurrence of acute atherothrombotic cardiovascular events. Macrophage apoptosis plays an important role in secondary necrosis. The present study aimed to examine and describe the effect of the traditional Chinese medication Tongxinluo (TXL) on macrophage apoptosis in advanced atherosclerotic plaques and to explore its mechanism. By observing the effect of TXL on ox-LDL-stimulated macrophage apoptosis, it was shown that TXL significantly inhibited ox-LDL-induced apoptosis of macrophages by enhancing autophagy. Therapeutic mechanism of TXL included increasing the expression of Beclin-1 and improving the dissociation of Bcl-2-Beclin-1 Complex. Apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mice with a high fat diet were divided into four groups: saline group (Saline gavage), low dose TXL group (0.38 g/kg/d, gavage), medium dose TXL group (0.75 g/kg/day, gavage), and high dose TXL group (1.5 g/kg/day, gavage). 4 weeks after carotid-artery surgery, lentiviral of Beclin-1 silencing was injected through the tail vein. TXL treatment significantly reduced macrophage apoptosis dose-dependently and the result was blocked by Beclin-1 silencing. In addition, the increased Lc3b dots by TXL almost localized to macrophages in advanced atherosclerotic plaque. Compared with the same dose of TXL shBeclin-1 group, plaque area and vulnerability index of TXL groups decreased. The anti-apoptosis effects of TXL on atherosclerosis was related to the improvement of autophagy via Beclin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Mengmeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Mingxue Di
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Weijia Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Fangpu Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Han Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xi Zhen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Mei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, and the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Ma L, Ni M, Hao P, Lu H, Yang X, Xu X, Zhang C, Huang S, Zhao Y, Liu X, Zhang Y. Tongxinluo mitigates atherogenesis by regulating angiogenic factors and inhibiting vasa vasorum neovascularization in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16194-204. [PMID: 26908443 PMCID: PMC4941307 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vasa vasorum (VV) neovascularization contributes to atherogenesis and its expansion and distribution is correlated with intraplaque expression of angiogenic factors. The present study investigated the roles of Tongxinluo (TXL), a traditional Chinese medication, on VV proliferation and atherogenesis. In vitro, TXL pre-treatment reversed the tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and angiopoietin-1 (ANGPT-1) but not ANGPT-2, leading to increased ratio of ANGPT-1 to ANGPT-2. Consistently, TXL treatment (at a dosage of 0.38, 0.75, 1.5 g/kg/d, respectively) decreased the expression of VEGF-A while increased that of ANGPT-1 in early atherosclerotic lesions of apolipoprotein E deficient (apoE−/−) mice. On aortic ring assay, microvessels sprouting from aortas were significantly inhibited in TXL-treated mice. Moreover, VV neovascularization in plaques was markedly reduced with TXL treatment. Histological and morphological analysis demonstrated that TXL treatment reduced plaque burden, plaque size and changed the plaque composition. These data suggest that TXL inhibits early atherogenesis through regulating angiogenic factor expression and inhibiting VV proliferation in atherosclerotic plaque. Our study shed new light on the anti-atherosclerotic effect of TXL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianyue Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Mei Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Huixia Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xingli Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shanying Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Li Q, Li N, Cui HH, Tian XQ, Jin C, Chen GH, Yang YJ. Tongxinluo exerts protective effects via anti-apoptotic and pro-autophagic mechanisms by activating AMPK pathway in infarcted rat hearts. Exp Physiol 2017; 102:422-435. [PMID: 28150462 DOI: 10.1113/ep086192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100037 People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100037 People's Republic of China
| | - He-He Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100037 People's Republic of China
| | - Xia-Qiu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100037 People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100037 People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100037 People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100037 People's Republic of China
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Luo WM, Kong J, Gong Y, Liu XQ, Yang RX, Zhao YX. Tongxinluo Protects against Hypertensive Kidney Injury in Spontaneously-Hypertensive Rats by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Activating Forkhead Box O1 Signaling. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145130. [PMID: 26673167 PMCID: PMC4686063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is an independent risk factor for the progression of chronic renal failure, and oxidative stress plays a critical role in hypertensive renal damage. Forkbox O1(FoxO1) signaling protects cells against oxidative stress and may be a useful target for treating oxidative stress-induced hypertension. Tongxinluo is a traditional Chinese medicine with cardioprotective and renoprotective functions. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of Tongxinluo in hypertensive renal damage in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs)and elucidate the possible involvement of oxidative stress and FoxO1 signaling in its molecular mechanisms. SHRs treated with Tongxinluo for 12 weeks showed a reduction in systolic blood pressure. In addition to increasing creatinine clearance, Tongxinluo decreased urinary albumin excretion, oxidative stress injury markers including malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls, and expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits and its activity in SHR kidneys. While decreasing phosphorylation of FoxO1, Tongxinluo also inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 and p38 and enhanced manganese superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in SHR kidneys. Furthermore, histology revealed attenuation of glomerulosclerosis and renal podocyte injury, while Tongxinluo decreased the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, extracellular matrixprotein, transforming growth factor β1 and small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3,and improved tubulointerstitial fibrosis in SHR kidneys. Finally, Tongxinluo inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration as well as expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. In conclusion, Tongxinluo protected SHRs against hypertension-induced renal injury by exerting antioxidant, antifibrotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms of these effects may involve inhibition of oxidative stress and functional activation of FoxO1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-min Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Jinan hospital of infectious diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-qiong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rui-xue Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-xia Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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