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Zhu F, Boersma E, Tilly M, Ikram MK, Qi H, Kavousi M. Trends in population attributable fraction of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases across three decades. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1724-1733. [PMID: 38935527 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate temporal trends, across three decades, in the population attributable fractions (PAFs) of modifiable risk factors for 5-year risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). METHODS AND RESULTS Within population-based Rotterdam Study, we defined three time groups of individuals without established CVD at 'baseline' with a mean age of 70 years, and followed for five years: Epoch 1990s (1989-93, n = 6195), Epoch 2000s (1997-2001, n = 5572), and Epoch 2010s (2009-14, n = 5135). The prevalence of risk factors and related relative risks were combined to quantify PAFs. The PAF of the six risk factors combined for global CVD was 0.57 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.65], 0.52 (0.39-0.62), and 0.39 (0.18-0.54) in three respective epochs. Hypertension contributed the highest PAF to global CVD in Epoch 1990s (0.37, 95% CI: 0.28-0.44) and 2000s (0.34, 95% CI: 0.22-0.43), while smoking was the largest contributor in Epoch 2010s (0.20, 95% CI: 0.06-0.32). Dyslipidaemia changed population-level coronary heart disease risk over time. For stroke, hypertension became a less significant contributor over time, but smoking became a larger contributor. For heart failure, all risk factors showed non-significant PAFs in Epoch 2010s. PAFs related to individual risk factor varied among women and men. CONCLUSION Six modifiable risk factors to population-level global CVD risk decreased over time, but still explained 39% of total CVD in the latest decade. PAFs changed considerably for hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and smoking. Risk factors had different PAFs for different CVDs with pronounced sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam CA 3000, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Boersma
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Tilly
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam CA 3000, The Netherlands
| | - M Kamran Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam CA 3000, The Netherlands
| | - Hongchao Qi
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam CA 3000, The Netherlands
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Cai K, Wang L, Tong Y, Pu X, Guo T, Xu H, Xie J, Wang L, Bai T. Negative association of atmospheric pollutants with semen quality: A cross-sectional study in Taiyuan, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116941. [PMID: 39208577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, the quality of male semen has decreased worldwide. Air pollution has been linked to lower semen quality in several studies. However, the effects of atmospheric pollutants on different semen characteristics have not always been consistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the Air Quality Index (AQI) and six atmospheric pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3), semen quality, and their key exposure window periods. METHODS This study included 1711 semen samples collected at the reproductive clinics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University in Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, from October 10, 2021, to September 30, 2022. We evaluated the association of AQI and six atmospheric pollutants with semen quality parameters throughout sperm development and three key exposure windows in men using single-pollutant models, double-pollutant models, and subgroup analyses of semen quality-eligible groups. RESULTS Both the single-pollutant model and subgroup analyses showed that PM, CO, and O3 levels were negatively correlated with total and progressive motility. At 70-90 d before semen collection, CO exposure and semen volume (β =-1.341, 95 % CI: -1.805, -0.877, P <0.001), total motility (β =-2.593, 95 % CI: -3.425, -1.761, P <0.001), and progressive motility (β =-4.658, 95 % CI: -5.556, -3.760, P <0.001) were negatively correlated. At 0-9 days before semen collection, CO was negatively correlated with normal morphology (β =-3.403, 95 % CI: -5.099, -1.708, P <0.001). Additionally, the AQI was adversely associated with total and progressive motility in subgroup analyses of the semen quality-eligible groups. CONCLUSIONS During the entire sperm development process, multiple air pollutants were determined to have an adverse correlation with semen quality parameters. AQI was significant marker for the combined effects of various atmospheric pollutants on male reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cai
- Department of Child and Adolescents Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescents Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Center for Early Childhood Development, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yujun Tong
- Department of Pathology, the First Clinical School of Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xin Pu
- Department of Child and Adolescents Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Tingyu Guo
- Department of Child and Adolescents Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hexiang Xu
- Department of Pathology, the First Clinical School of Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jialin Xie
- Department of Pathology, the First Clinical School of Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Fenyang Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Luliang 032200, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Child and Adolescents Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Department of Pathology, the First Clinical School of Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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Murzabekov M, Persson Å, Asker C, Kilbo Edlund K, Eriksson C, Jernberg T, Molnar P, Oudin A, Pyko A, Lindvall J, Lõhmus M, Persson Waye K, Nilsson Sommar J, Stockfelt L, Spanne M, Svartengren M, Ögren M, Pershagen G, Ljungman P. Road-traffic noise exposure and coronary atherosclerosis in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Environ Epidemiol 2024; 8:e344. [PMID: 39371586 PMCID: PMC11452091 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Road-traffic noise may influence the development of cardiovascular events such as stroke and myocardial infarction, but etiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the relationship between long-term road-traffic noise exposure and coronary atherosclerosis in Sweden. Methods In the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) cohort, including 30,154 subjects aged 50-65 years, recruited between 2013 and 2018, coronary atherosclerosis was measured based on computer tomography (CT) scans as coronary artery calcium score, segment involvement score (SIS), and non-calcified plaques (NCP) at enrollment. Based on modified Nordic model, road-traffic noise exposure was modeled for 2000, 2013, and 2018 with interpolation for intermediate years. We investigated the association between time-weighted long-term exposure to road-traffic noise (Lden) and the prevalence of atherosclerosis using ordinal logistic regression models adjusting for potential socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental confounders, including air pollution. Results No clear associations were found between road-traffic noise and coronary atherosclerosis. The odds ratio for coronary artery calcium score was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.96, 1.04), SIS 0.99 (0.96, 1.03), and NCP 0.98 (0.90, 1.03) per interquartile range (9.4 dB Lden) for road-traffic noise exposure during 10 years before enrollment. No consistent associations were observed in site-specific analyses or using shorter exposure periods. Furthermore, exposure-response analyses revealed no clear trends, and there were no strong interactions between road-traffic noise and cardiovascular risk factors in relation to the atherosclerosis markers. Conclusions Long-term exposure to road-traffic noise was not linked to coronary atherosclerosis or calcification in relatively healthy, middle-aged populations in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat Murzabekov
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Persson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Asker
- Swedish Meteorological & Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Karl Kilbo Edlund
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Eriksson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jernberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Molnar
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Oudin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Andrei Pyko
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Lindvall
- SLB-analys, Environment and Health Administration, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mare Lõhmus
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Persson Waye
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Nilsson Sommar
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Leo Stockfelt
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mårten Spanne
- Environment Department, City of Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Svartengren
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; and
| | - Mikael Ögren
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kuntic M, Hahad O, Al-Kindi S, Oelze M, Lelieveld J, Daiber A, Münzel T. Pathomechanistic Synergy Between Particulate Matter and Traffic Noise-Induced Cardiovascular Damage and the Classical Risk Factor Hypertension. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38874533 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2024.0659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marin Kuntic
- Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Mainz, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Mainz, Germany
| | - Sadeer Al-Kindi
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Wellness and Center for CV Computational & Precision Health, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Matthias Oelze
- Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jos Lelieveld
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Atmospheric Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Mainz, Germany
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Metkus TS. New Dimensions Assessing Poverty and Cardiovascular Disease. JACC. ADVANCES 2024; 3:100931. [PMID: 39129981 PMCID: PMC11312354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.100931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S. Metkus
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Münzel T, Daiber A, Hahad O. [Air pollution, noise and hypertension : Partners in crime]. Herz 2024; 49:124-133. [PMID: 38321170 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-024-05234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution and traffic noise are two important environmental risk factors that endanger health in urban societies and often act together as "partners in crime". Although air pollution and noise often co-occur in urban environments, they have typically been studied separately, with numerous studies documenting consistent effects of individual exposure on blood pressure. In the following review article, we examine the epidemiology of air pollution and noise, especially regarding the cardiovascular risk factor arterial hypertension and the underlying pathophysiology. Both environmental stressors have been shown to lead to endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, pronounced vascular inflammation, disruption of circadian rhythms and activation of the autonomic nervous system, all of which promote the development of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. From a societal and political perspective, there is an urgent need to point out the potential dangers of air pollution and traffic noise in the American Heart Association (AHA)/American College of Cardiology (ACC) prevention guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on prevention. Therefore, an essential goal for the future is to raise awareness of environmental risk factors as important and, in particular, preventable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Münzel
- Zentrum für Kardiologie, Kardiologie I, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.
| | - A Daiber
- Zentrum für Kardiologie, Kardiologie I, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - O Hahad
- Zentrum für Kardiologie, Kardiologie I, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
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7
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Mannucci PM. Health and the environment: messages for the cardiologist. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:128-130. [PMID: 37930791 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
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8
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Attanasio A, Piepoli MF. Focus on population studies in cardiovascular risk assessment. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1-2. [PMID: 38178310 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Attanasio
- Clinical Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo F Piepoli
- Clinical Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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