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Determination of Multiple Cancer Risk Behaviors Among Adult Population in Turkey: A Cross-sectional Study. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.1117789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Modifiable cancer risk behaviors are general not seen alone but in combination in individuals.
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the factors associated with combinations of cancer risk behaviors, including tobacco use, obesity, and low physical activity that cause cancer in adults.
Methods: A total of 720 adults were selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected using the World Health Organization STEP-wise protocols.
Results: It was found that 46.9% of the participants showed one, 46.3% two or more types of risk behavior. The percentage of married individuals was higher among those who engaged in one, two, or three risky behaviors than those who did not engage in risky behaviors. Among participants with two risk behaviors, the percentage of those who rated their health as very good was lower than those without risk behaviors; those who had friends or relatives with cancer were high. Those who engaged in three risk behaviors were less educated and had lower incomes than those who did not engage in risk behaviors.
Conclusions: Health intervention strategies should be increased in primary health care institutions for individuals who are married, has low level of education and income and has weak perception of health.
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Kenore Y, Abrha S, Yosef A, Gelgelu TB. Determinants of Hypertension Among Patients with Diabetes mellitus in Public Hospitals of Kembata Tambaro Zone, South Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region, Ethiopia, 2021; A Case Control Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:2141-2152. [PMID: 36193190 PMCID: PMC9526505 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s379293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension is commonly defined as a persistently raised blood pressure in which systolic blood pressure reading (SBP) is greater than or equal to 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is greater than or equal to 90 mmHg. The comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes mellitus is complex and is associated with a high risk of complications. However, there are limited studies on determinants of hypertension among patients with diabetes in Ethiopia. Therefore this study aimed to identify the determinants of hypertension among patients with diabetes mellitus in public hospitals of the Kambata Tambaro Zone, Ethiopia. Methods and Materials A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among a total sample of 326 patients with diabetes from June 17, 2021 to August 17, 2021. This study was conducted in five public hospitals. The data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 software and exported to and analyzed using SPSS software version 25.0. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between the dependent and independent variables. Results Of the 336 study participants, 326 diabetic patients (163 cases and 163 controls) were interviewed resulting in a response rate of 97%. Age group ≥50 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 7.00, 95% CI = 1.69–28.9), inactivity in physical exercise (AOR = 5.84, 95% CI = 2.47–13.81), patients who have a history of drinking alcohol (AOR = 2.61, 95% CI = 1.35–5.03) and patients who had poor knowledge on diabetes (AOR = 3.04, 95% CI = 1.69–5.47) were more likely to develop hypertension among diabetic patients. Conclusion This study concluded that age, inactivity in physical exercise, history of alcohol intake and poor knowledge were determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshialem Kenore
- Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialaized Hospital, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Abrha
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Amanuel Yosef
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Amanuel Yosef, Tel +251 918451138, Email
| | - Temesgen Bati Gelgelu
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
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Deep Learning Segmentation in 2D X-ray Images and Non-Rigid Registration in Multi-Modality Images of Coronary Arteries. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12040778. [PMID: 35453826 PMCID: PMC9028428 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray angiography is commonly used in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease with the advantage of visualization of the inside of blood vessels in real-time. However, it has several disadvantages that occur in the acquisition process, which causes inconvenience and difficulty. Here, we propose a novel segmentation and nonrigid registration method to provide useful real-time assistive images and information. A convolutional neural network is used for the segmentation of coronary arteries in 2D X-ray angiography acquired from various angles in real-time. To compensate for errors that occur during the 2D X-ray angiography acquisition process, 3D CT angiography is used to analyze the topological structure. A novel energy function-based 3D deformation and optimization is utilized to implement real-time registration. We evaluated the proposed method for 50 series from 38 patients by comparing the ground truth. The proposed segmentation method showed that Precision, Recall, and F1 score were 0.7563, 0.6922, and 0.7176 for all vessels, 0.8542, 0.6003, and 0.7035 for markers, and 0.8897, 0.6389, and 0.7386 for bifurcation points, respectively. In the nonrigid registration method, the average distance of 0.8705, 1.06, and 1. 5706 mm for all vessels, markers, and bifurcation points was achieved. The overall process execution time was 0.179 s.
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Severin R, Sabbahi A, Arena R, Phillips SA. Precision Medicine and Physical Therapy: A Healthy Living Medicine Approach for the Next Century. Phys Ther 2022; 102:6413905. [PMID: 34718788 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
There is a reciprocal relationship between common health conditions encountered in physical therapist practice, disability, and healthy living factors, such as physical inactivity, blood pressure, sleep quality, diet, and obesity. This relationship is apparent across all practice settings. Physical therapists are well positioned in the health care system to mitigate chronic disease by routinely screening and addressing healthy living factors to improve overall health and lower the risk for chronic disease (healthy living medicine). However, there are several challenges to the successful implementation of this framework in physical therapist practice. This Perspective will elucidate this relationship between healthy living behaviors and physical therapist practice, review the current state of practice regarding screening and intervention of 5 key healthy living behaviors, and outline future steps the profession can take toward implementing precision medicine using a healthy living medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Severin
- Department of Physical Therapy Program, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Ahmad Sabbahi
- Department of Physical Therapy Program, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy Program, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shane A Phillips
- Department of Physical Therapy Program, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Hu R, Hui SSC, Lee EKP, Stoutenberg M, Wong SYS, Yang YJ. Provision of physical activity advice for patients with chronic diseases in Shenzhen, China. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2143. [PMID: 34814878 PMCID: PMC8611940 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) may best be promoted to patients during clinical consultations. Few studies investigated the practice of PA advice given by physicians, especially in China. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and contents of PA advice given by physicians in China and its association with patients' characteristics. METHODS Face-to-face questionnaire asking the prevalence and contents of PA advice given by physicians was administered to adult patients in three major hospitals in Shenzhen, China. Attitude of compliance, stature, PA level, and socio-demographic information were also collected. Data was analyzed via descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 454 eligible patients (Age: 47.0 ± 14.4 years), only 19.2% (n = 87) reported receiving PA advice, whereas 21.8%, 23.0%, 32.2%, and 55.2% of patients received advices on PA frequency, duration, intensity, and type, respectively. Male patients were more likely to receive PA advice from physicians [odds ratio (OR): 1.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-3.05], whereas patients who were unemployed (OR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.04-0.67), and who already achieved adequate amount of PA (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.12-0.71) were less likely to receive PA advice. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of physicians providing physical activity advice to patients is low, there is a pressing need to take intervention measures to educate healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - Stanley Sai-Chuen Hui
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong.
| | - Eric Kam-Pui Lee
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - Mark Stoutenberg
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samuel Yeung-Shan Wong
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - Yi-Jian Yang
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
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Shoenbill K, Song Y, Craven M, Johnson H, Smith M, Mendonca EA. Identifying patterns and predictors of lifestyle modification in electronic health record documentation using statistical and machine learning methods. Prev Med 2020; 136:106061. [PMID: 32179026 PMCID: PMC7314106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Just under half of the 85.7 million US adults with hypertension have uncontrolled blood pressure using a hypertension threshold of systolic pressure ≥ 140 or diastolic pressure ≥ 90. Uncontrolled hypertension increases risks of death, stroke, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. Guidelines on hypertension management include lifestyle modification such as diet and exercise. In order to improve hypertension control, it is important to identify predictors of lifestyle modification assessment or advice to tailor future interventions using these effective, low-risk interventions. Electronic health record data from 14,360 adult hypertension patients at an academic medical center were analyzed using statistical and machine learning methods to identify predictors and timing of lifestyle modification. Multiple variables were statistically significant in analysis of lifestyle modification documentation at multiple time points. Random Forest was the best machine learning method to classify lifestyle modification documentation at any time with Area Under the Receiver Operator Curve (AUROC) 0.831. Logistic regression was the best machine learning method for classifying lifestyle modification documentation at ≤3 months with an AUROC of 0.685. Analyzing narrative and coded data from electronic health records can improve understanding of timing of lifestyle modification and patient, clinic and provider characteristics that are correlated with or predictive of documentation of lifestyle modification for hypertension. This information can inform improvement efforts in hypertension care processes, treatment implementation, and ultimately hypertension control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Shoenbill
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Yiqiang Song
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark Craven
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 610 Walnut Street, 201 WARF, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Heather Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 5158 Medical Foundation Centennial Building, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Maureen Smith
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 800 University Bay Drive, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Eneida A Mendonca
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Shoenbill K, Song Y, Gress L, Johnson H, Smith M, Mendonca EA. Natural language processing of lifestyle modification documentation. Health Informatics J 2020; 26:388-405. [PMID: 30791802 PMCID: PMC6722039 DOI: 10.1177/1460458218824742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lifestyle modification, including diet, exercise, and tobacco cessation, is the first-line treatment of many disorders including hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. Lifestyle modification data are not easily retrieved or used in research due to their textual nature. This study addresses this knowledge gap using natural language processing to automatically identify lifestyle modification documentation from electronic health records. Electronic health record notes from hypertension patients were analyzed using an open-source natural language processing tool to retrieve assessment and advice regarding lifestyle modification. These data were classified as lifestyle modification assessment or advice and mapped to a coded standard ontology. Combined lifestyle modification (advice and assessment) recall was 99.27 percent, precision 94.44 percent, and correct classification 88.15 percent. Through extraction and transformation of narrative lifestyle modification data to coded data, this critical information can be used in research, metric development, and quality improvement efforts regarding care delivery for multiple medical conditions that benefit from lifestyle modification.
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Logan AC, Prescott SL, Katz DL. Golden Age of Medicine 2.0: Lifestyle Medicine and Planetary Health Prioritized. J Lifestyle Med 2019; 9:75-91. [PMID: 31828026 PMCID: PMC6894443 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2019.9.2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 'golden age of medicine' - the first half of the 20th century, reaching its zenith with Jonas Salk's 1955 polio vaccine - was a time of profound advances in surgical techniques, immunization, drug discovery, and the control of infectious disease; however, when the burden of disease shifted to lifestyle-driven, chronic, non-communicable diseases, the golden era slipped away. Although modifiable lifestyle practices now account for some 80% of premature mortality, medicine remains loathe to embrace lifestyle interventions as medicine Here, we argue that a 21st century golden age of medicine can be realized; the path to this era requires a transformation of medical school recruitment and training in ways that prioritize a broad view of lifestyle medicine. Moving beyond the basic principles of modifiable lifestyle practices as therapeutic interventions, each person/community should be viewed as a biological manifestation of accumulated experiences (and choices) made within the dynamic social, political, economic and cultural ecosystems that comprise their total life history. This requires an understanding that powerful forces operate within these ecosystems; marketing and neoliberal forces push an exclusive 'personal responsibility' view of health - blaming the individual, and deflecting from the large-scale influences that maintain health inequalities and threaten planetary health. The latter term denotes the interconnections between the sustainable vitality of person and place at all scales. We emphasize that barriers to planetary health and the clinical application of lifestyle medicine - including authoritarianism and social dominance orientation - are maintaining an unhealthy status quo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Logan
- in-VIVO Planetary Health, West New York, NJ, USA
| | - Susan L Prescott
- in-VIVO Planetary Health, West New York, NJ, USA.,School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David L Katz
- Yale University, Prevention Research Center, Griffin Hospital, Derby, CT, USA
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Rêgo MLM, Cabral DAR, Costa EC, Fontes EB. Physical Exercise for Individuals with Hypertension: It Is Time to Emphasize its Benefits on the Brain and Cognition. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2019; 13:1179546819839411. [PMID: 30967748 PMCID: PMC6444761 DOI: 10.1177/1179546819839411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension affects more than 40% of adults worldwide and is associated with stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and other cardiovascular diseases. It has also been shown to cause severe functional and structural damage to the brain, leading to cognitive impairment and dementia. Furthermore, it is believed that these cognitive impairments affect the mental ability to maintain productivity at work, ultimately causing social and economic problems. Because hypertension is a chronic condition that requires clinical treatment, strategies with fewer side effects and less-invasive procedures are needed. Physical exercise (PE) has proven to be an efficient and complementary tool for hypertension management, and its peripheral benefits have been widely supported by related studies. However, few studies have specifically examined the potential positive effects of PE on the brain in hypertensive individuals. This narrative review discusses the pathophysiological mechanisms that hypertension promotes in the brain, and suggests PE as an important tool to prevent and reduce cognitive damage caused by hypertension. We also provide PE recommendations for hypertensive individuals, as well as suggestions for promoting PE as a method for increasing cognitive abilities in the brain, particularly for hypertensive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria LM Rêgo
- NEUROEX-Research Group in Physical
Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio
Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Daniel AR Cabral
- NEUROEX-Research Group in Physical
Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio
Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Costa
- GPEACE-Research Group on Acute and
Chronic Effects of Exercise, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio Grande
do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B Fontes
- NEUROEX-Research Group in Physical
Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio
Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
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