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Alexandrino DAM, Carvalho MF. Defluorination as the key trait to gauge the biodegradability of fluorinated pollutants in environmental microbial communities. Methods Enzymol 2024; 696:321-338. [PMID: 38658086 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Research on microbial defluorination is largely centred on controlled experiments using axenic or well defined microbial inocula. These approaches serve a relevant purpose in the field, offering fundamental biochemical and mechanistic insights on the intricacies of biological defluorination. However, they fail to account for the effective contribution of environmental microbial communities in the recycling of fluoroorganic pollutants, a highly relevant perspective from an environmental risk assessment standpoint, while also missing an important outlook on how community-wide dynamics can leverage the breakdown of C─F bonds in these recalcitrant compounds. With that in mind, this chapter provides experimental and methodological insights on the study of microbial defluorination in wild environmental communities, using this critical catabolic step as the de facto endpoint to evolve, select and cultivate microorganisms with improved defluorination performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo A M Alexandrino
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, P. Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria F Carvalho
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Lin M, Pan C, Qian C, Tang F, Zhao S, Guo J, Zhang Y, Song J, Rittmann BE. Core taxa, co-occurrence pattern, diversity, and metabolic pathways contributing to robust anaerobic biodegradation of chlorophenol. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117591. [PMID: 37926226 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
It is hard to achieve robustness in anaerobic biodegradation of trichlorophenol (TCP). We hypothesized that specific combinations of environmental factors determine phylogenetic diversity and play important roles in the decomposition and stability of TCP-biodegrading bacteria. The anaerobic bioreactor was operated at 35 °C (H condition) or 30 °C (L condition) and mainly fed with TCP (from 28 μM to 180 μM) and organic material. Metagenome sequencing was combined with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing for the microbial community analysis. The results exhibited that the property of robustness occurred in specific conditions. The corresponding co-occurrence and diversity patterns suggest high collectivization, degree and evenness for robust communities. Two types of core functional taxa were recognized: dechlorinators (unclassified Anaerolineae, Thermanaerothrix and Desulfovibrio) and ring-opening members (unclassified Proteobacteria, Methanosarcina, Methanoperedens, and Rubrobacter). The deterministic process of the expansion of niche of syntrophic bacteria at higher temperatures was confirmed. The reductive and hydrolytic dechlorination mechanisms jointly lead to C-Cl bond cleavage. H ultimately adapted to the stress of high TCP loading, with more abundant ring-opening enzyme (EC 3.1.1.45, ∼55%) and hydrolytic dechlorinase (EC 3.8.1.5, 26.5%) genes than L (∼47%, 10.5%). The functional structure (based on KEGG) in H was highly stable despite the high loading of TCP (up to 60 μM), but not in L. Furthermore, an unknown taxon with multiple functions (dechlorinating and ring-opening) was found based on genetic sequencing; its functional contribution of EC 3.8.1.5 in H (26.5%) was higher than that in L (10.5%), and it possessed a new metabolic pathway for biodegradation of halogenated aromatic compounds. This new finding is supplementary to the robust mechanisms underlying organic chlorine biodegradation, which can be used to support the engineering, regulation, and design of synthetic microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lin
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China; Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Chenhui Pan
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China; Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Chenyi Qian
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China; Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Fei Tang
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China; Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Siwen Zhao
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China; Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Jun Guo
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200238, PR China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China; Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Jiaxiu Song
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China; Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Shanghai, 200234, PR China.
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-5701, USA
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Kjellerup BV, Nijenhuis I, Rossetti S. Editorial: Thematic issue on anaerobic biological dehalogenation. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6780077. [PMID: 36308759 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Birthe Veno Kjellerup
- A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park, 1147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), via Salaria km 29300, 00015 Monterotondo (RM), Italy
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