Growth characteristics of lytic cyanophages newly isolated from the Nakdong River, Korea.
Virus Res 2021;
306:198600. [PMID:
34648883 DOI:
10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198600]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cyanophages are primary regulators of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs), and they control host cyanobacterial dynamics, frequency, and diversity in the aquatic environment. This study deals with growth characteristics of three lytic cyanophages, Myoviridae AGM-1, Myoviridae NGM-1, and Podoviridae NDP-1, newly isolated from the Nakdong River in South Korea. These isolates are capable of infecting Amazoninema brasiliense, Nododsilinea nodulosa, and Nostoc sp. The results showed that abiotic parameters such as water temperature and pH balance significantly affect the growth of a cyanophage and the interaction with its host in the aquatic environment. The optimal growth conditions of the newly isolated cyanophages are less than 37 °C and pH 9, whereas optimal conditions are 25-30 °C and pH 7 for the cyanobacteria used as hosts. However, each cyanophage was found to have significantly different growth characteristics in phage titer, latent period, and burst size, depending on the characteristics of the species. Among the three cyanophages, Podoviridae NDP-1 showed the highest burst size and infection activity. The lower the designed multiplicity of infection (MOI) ratio (0.01 to 10), the longer it takes to lyse the host cells. The minimum MOI value for sustainable biocontrol of CyanoHABs is proposed as MOI=1. These results can be used as basic information in further studies, such as pyophage control of CyanoHABs and enrichment of cyanophages with high activity.
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