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Synchronous Cr(VI) Remediation and Energy Production Using Microbial Fuel Cell from a Subsurface Environment: A Review. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15061989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Applying microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology for eco-remediation of Cr(VI) pollution from a subsurface environment has great scientific value and practical significance due to its promising advantages of pollutant remediation and renewable energy generation. The aim of the current review is to summarize the migration characteristics of Cr(VI) in a subsurface soil/water environment and investigate the factors affecting the MFC performance for synchronous Cr(VI) remediation and power generation, and sequentially highlight diverse challenges of MFC technology for in situ remediation of subsurface groundwater and soils. The critical review put forward that Cr(VI) removal efficiency and energy production of MFC can be improved by enhancing the adjustability of cathode pH, setting potential, modifying electrode, and incorporating other technologies into MFC. It was recommended that designing typical large-scale, long-term continuous flow MFC systems, adding electron shuttle media or constructing artificial electron according to actual groundwater/soil and Cr(VI) pollution characteristics, site geology, and the hydrogeology condition (hydrochemical conditions, colloid type, and medium) are essential to overcome the limitations of the small size of the laboratory experiments and improve the application of technology to in situ Cr(VI) remediation. This review provided reference and ideas for future research of MFC-mediated onsite Cr(VI) remediation.
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Potential Use of Microbial Fuel Cell Technology in Wastewater Treatment. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Two options, in regard to applying microbial fuel cells (MFCs) in water treatment, are under discussion, namely the conversion of the chemical energy of organic substrates to electricity, as well as the use their potential to reduce different species, such as the ionic form of copper (Cu2+ converted to metal copper) and iron (Fe3+ converted to Fe2+). The high reduction potential of Cu2+ and Fe3+ makes the processes of electricity production and metal reduction, to be performed simultaneously in MFC, achievable. The electrical yield measurement during the experiments of anodic organic matter degradation by MFC in treating an artificial wastewater with chemical oxygen demand (COD) 0.6 and 1.6 g O2·dm−3, as initial COD, are given. It is demonstrated that the higher organic load is associated with better electrical yield. A comparison of MFC and conventional anaerobic digestion performance is discussed, as well. Experimental proofs of copper removal and phosphate mobilization, following the iron reduction of FePO4, are also reported.
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