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Pérez J, Contreras-Moreno FJ, Muñoz-Dorado J, Moraleda-Muñoz A. Development versus predation: Transcriptomic changes during the lifecycle of Myxococcus xanthus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1004476. [PMID: 36225384 PMCID: PMC9548883 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1004476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxococcus xanthus is a multicellular bacterium with a complex lifecycle. It is a soil-dwelling predator that preys on a wide variety of microorganisms by using a group and collaborative epibiotic strategy. In the absence of nutrients this myxobacterium enters in a unique developmental program by using sophisticated and complex regulatory systems where more than 1,400 genes are transcriptional regulated to guide the community to aggregate into macroscopic fruiting bodies filled of environmentally resistant myxospores. Herein, we analyze the predatosome of M. xanthus, that is, the transcriptomic changes that the predator undergoes when encounters a prey. This study has been carried out using as a prey Sinorhizobium meliloti, a nitrogen fixing bacteria very important for the fertility of soils. The transcriptional changes include upregulation of genes that help the cells to detect, kill, lyse, and consume the prey, but also downregulation of genes not required for the predatory process. Our results have shown that, as expected, many genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes and enzymes involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites increase their expression levels. Moreover, it has been found that the predator modifies its lipid composition and overproduces siderophores to take up iron. Comparison with developmental transcriptome reveals that M. xanthus downregulates the expression of a significant number of genes coding for regulatory elements, many of which have been demonstrated to be key elements during development. This study shows for the first time a global view of the M. xanthus lifecycle from a transcriptome perspective.
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Predation strategies of the bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus result in overexploitation and bottlenecks. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 88:e0108221. [PMID: 34669451 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01082-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing antimicrobial resistance, alternatives for treating infections or removing resistant bacteria are urgently needed, such as the bacterial predator Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus or bacteriophage. Therefore, we need to better understand microbial predator-prey dynamics. We developed mass-action mathematical models of predation for chemostats, which capture the low substrate concentration and slow growth typical for intended application areas of the predators such as wastewater treatment, aquaculture or the gut. Our model predicted that predator survival required a minimal prey cell size, explaining why Bdellovibrio is much smaller than its prey. A too good predator (attack rate too high, mortality too low) overexploited its prey leading to extinction (tragedy of the commons). Surprisingly, a predator taking longer to produce more offspring outcompeted a predator producing fewer offspring more rapidly (rate versus yield trade-off). Predation was only efficient in a narrow region around optimal parameters. Moreover, extreme oscillations under a wide range of conditions led to severe bottlenecks. These could be avoided when two prey species became available in alternating seasons. A bacteriophage outcompeted Bdellovibrio due to its higher burst size and faster life cycle. Together, results suggest that Bdellovibrio would struggle to survive on a single prey, explaining why it must be a generalist predator and suggesting it is better suited than phage to environments with multiple prey. Importance The discovery of antibiotics led to a dramatic drop in deaths due to infectious disease. Increasing levels of antimicrobial resistance, however, threaten to reverse this progress. There is thus a need for alternatives, such as therapies based on phage and predatory bacteria that kill bacteria regardless of whether they are pathogens or resistant to antibiotics. To best exploit them, we need to better understand what determines their effectiveness. By using a mathematical model to study bacterial predation in realistic slow growth conditions, we found that the generalist predator Bdellovibrio is most effective within a narrow range of conditions for each prey. For example, a minimum prey cell size is required, and the predator should not be too good as this would result in over-exploitation risking extinction. Together these findings give insights into the ecology of microbial predation and help explain why Bdellovibrio needs to be a generalist predator.
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Ezzedine JA, Desdevises Y, Jacquet S. Bdellovibrio and like organisms: current understanding and knowledge gaps of the smallest cellular hunters of the microbial world. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 48:428-449. [PMID: 34595998 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1979464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Almost sixty years ago, Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs) were discovered as the first obligate bacterial predators of other bacteria known to science. Since then, they were shown to be diverse and ubiquitous in the environment, and to bear astonishing ecological, physiological, and metabolic capabilities. The last decade has seen important strides made in understanding the mechanistic basis of their life cycle, the dynamics of their interactions with prey, along with significant developments towards their use in medicine, agriculture, and industry. This review details these achievements, identify current understanding and knowledge gaps to encourage and guide future BALO research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade A Ezzedine
- Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France.,Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Yves Desdevises
- CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Stéphan Jacquet
- Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
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4
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Cohen Y, Pasternak Z, Müller S, Hübschmann T, Schattenberg F, Sivakala KK, Abed-Rabbo A, Chatzinotas A, Jurkevitch E. Community and single cell analyses reveal complex predatory interactions between bacteria in high diversity systems. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5481. [PMID: 34531395 PMCID: PMC8446003 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25824-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A fundamental question in community ecology is the role of predator-prey interactions in food-web stability and species coexistence. Although microbial microcosms offer powerful systems to investigate it, interrogating the environment is much more arduous. Here, we show in a 1-year survey that the obligate predators Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs) can regulate prey populations, possibly in a density-dependent manner, in the naturally complex, species-rich environments of wastewater treatment plants. Abundant as well as rarer prey populations are affected, leading to an oscillating predatory landscape shifting at various temporal scales in which the total population remains stable. Shifts, along with differential prey range, explain co-existence of the numerous predators through niche partitioning. We validate these sequence-based findings using single-cell sorting combined with fluorescent hybridization and community sequencing. Our approach should be applicable for deciphering community interactions in other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yossi Cohen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Zohar Pasternak
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
- Division of Identification and Forensic Science, Israel Police, National Headquarters, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Susann Müller
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Hübschmann
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian Schattenberg
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kunjukrishnan Kamalakshi Sivakala
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | | | - Antonis Chatzinotas
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Talstrasse 33, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Edouard Jurkevitch
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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5
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Behavioral Interactions between Bacterivorous Nematodes and Predatory Bacteria in a Synthetic Community. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071362. [PMID: 34201688 PMCID: PMC8307948 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Theory and empirical studies in metazoans predict that apex predators should shape the behavior and ecology of mesopredators and prey at lower trophic levels. Despite the ecological importance of microbial communities, few studies of predatory microbes examine such behavioral res-ponses and the multiplicity of trophic interactions. Here, we sought to assemble a three-level microbial food chain and to test for behavioral interactions between the predatory nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the predatory social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus when cultured together with two basal prey bacteria that both predators can eat—Escherichia coli and Flavobacterium johnsoniae. We found that >90% of C. elegans worms failed to interact with M. xanthus even when it was the only potential prey species available, whereas most worms were attracted to pure patches of E. coli and F. johnsoniae. In addition, M. xanthus altered nematode predatory behavior on basal prey, repelling C. elegans from two-species patches that would be attractive without M. xanthus, an effect similar to that of C. elegans pathogens. The nematode also influenced the behavior of the bacterial predator: M. xanthus increased its predatory swarming rate in response to C. elegans in a manner dependent both on basal-prey identity and on worm density. Our results suggest that M. xanthus is an unattractive prey for some soil nematodes and is actively avoided when other prey are available. Most broadly, we found that nematode and bacterial predators mutually influence one another’s predatory behavior, with likely consequences for coevolution within complex microbial food webs.
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Cavallo FM, Jordana L, Friedrich AW, Glasner C, van Dijl JM. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus: a potential 'living antibiotic' to control bacterial pathogens. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:630-646. [PMID: 33934682 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1908956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a small Deltaproteobacterium which, since its discovery, has distinguished itself for the unique ability to prey on other Gram-negative bacteria. The studies on this particular "predatory bacterium", have gained momentum in response to the rising problem of antibiotic resistance, because it could be applied as a potential probiotic and antibiotic agent. Hereby, we present recent advances in the study of B. bacteriovorus, comprehending fundamental aspects of its biology, obligatory intracellular life cycle, predation resistance, and potential applications. Furthermore, we discuss studies that pave the road towards the use of B. bacteriovorus as a "living antibiotic" in human therapy, focussing on its interaction with biofilms, the host immune response, predation susceptibility and in vivo application models. The available data imply that it will be possible to upgrade this predator bacterium from a predominantly academic interest to an instrument that could confront antibiotic resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis M Cavallo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lorea Jordana
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander W Friedrich
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Corinna Glasner
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Turnau K, Fiałkowska E, Ważny R, Rozpądek P, Tylko G, Bloch S, Nejman-Faleńczyk B, Grabski M, Węgrzyn A, Węgrzyn G. Extraordinary Multi-Organismal Interactions Involving Bacteriophages, Bacteria, Fungi, and Rotifers: Quadruple Microbial Trophic Network in Water Droplets. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042178. [PMID: 33671687 PMCID: PMC7926626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Our observations of predatory fungi trapping rotifers in activated sludge and laboratory culture allowed us to discover a complicated trophic network that includes predatory fungi armed with bacteria and bacteriophages and the rotifers they prey on. Such a network seems to be common in various habitats, although it remains mostly unknown due to its microscopic size. In this study, we isolated and identified fungi and bacteria from activated sludge. We also noticed abundant, virus-like particles in the environment. The fungus developed absorptive hyphae within the prey. The bacteria showed the ability to enter and exit from the hyphae (e.g., from the traps into the caught prey). Our observations indicate that the bacteria and the fungus share nutrients obtained from the rotifer. To narrow the range of bacterial strains isolated from the mycelium, the effects of bacteria supernatants and lysed bacteria were studied. Bacteria isolated from the fungus were capable of immobilizing the rotifer. The strongest negative effect on rotifer mobility was shown by a mixture of Bacillus sp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The involvement of bacteriophages in rotifer hunting was demonstrated based on molecular analyses and was discussed. The described case seems to be an extraordinary quadruple microbiological puzzle that has not been described and is still far from being understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Turnau
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-506-006-642
| | - Edyta Fiałkowska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Rafał Ważny
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (R.W.); (P.R.)
| | - Piotr Rozpądek
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (R.W.); (P.R.)
| | - Grzegorz Tylko
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Bloch
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (S.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Bożena Nejman-Faleńczyk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (B.N.-F.); (M.G.); (G.W.)
| | - Michał Grabski
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (B.N.-F.); (M.G.); (G.W.)
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (S.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (B.N.-F.); (M.G.); (G.W.)
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8
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Banitz T, Chatzinotas A, Worrich A. Prospects for Integrating Disturbances, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning Using Microbial Systems. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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9
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Obertegger U, Pindo M, Flaim G. Multifaceted aspects of synchrony between freshwater prokaryotes and protists. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:4500-4512. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Obertegger
- Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund Mach San Michele all'Adige Italy
| | - Massimo Pindo
- Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund Mach San Michele all'Adige Italy
| | - Giovanna Flaim
- Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund Mach San Michele all'Adige Italy
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10
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Beisser D, Bock C, Hahn MW, Vos M, Sures B, Rahmann S, Boenigk J. Interaction-Specific Changes in the Transcriptome of Polynucleobacter asymbioticus Caused by Varying Protistan Communities. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1498. [PMID: 31354646 PMCID: PMC6629928 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the impact of protist grazing and exudation on the growth and transcriptomic response of the prokaryotic prey species Polynucleobacter asymbioticus. Different single- and multi-species communities of chrysophytes were used to determine a species-specific response to the predators and the effect of chrysophyte diversity. We sequenced the mRNA of Pn. asymbioticus in communities with three single chrysophyte species (Chlorochromonas danica, Poterioochromonas malhamensis and Poteriospumella lacustris) and all combinations. The molecular responses of Pn. asymbioticus significantly changed in the presence of predators with different trophic modes and combinations of species. In the single-species samples we observed significant differences related to the relative importance of grazing and exudation in the protist-bacteria interaction, i.e., to the presence of either the heterotrophic Ps. lacustris or the mixotrophic C. danica. When grazing dominates the interaction, as in the presence of Ps. lacustris, genes acting in stress response are up-regulated. Further genes associated with transcription and translation are down-regulated indicating a reduced growth of Pn. asymbioticus. In contrast, when the potential use of algal exudates dominates the interaction, genes affiliated with iron transport are up-regulated. Rapid phototrophic growth of chrysophytes, with a high demand on soluble iron, could thus lead to iron-limitation and cause changes in the iron metabolism of Pn. asymbioticus. Additionally, we observe a benefit for Pn. asymbioticus from a more diverse protistan community, which could be due to shifts in the relative importance of phototrophy in the mixotrophic chrysophytes when competing for food with other species. Our study highlights the importance of biotic interactions and the specificity of such interactions, in particular the differential effect of grazing and algal exudation in the interaction of bacteria with mixotrophic protists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina Bock
- Biodiversity, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin W. Hahn
- Research Institute for Limnology, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Matthijs Vos
- Theoretical and Applied Biodiversity, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bernd Sures
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Rahmann
- Genome Informatics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jens Boenigk
- Biodiversity, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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11
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Liu L, Chen H, Liu M, Yang JR, Xiao P, Wilkinson DM, Yang J. Response of the eukaryotic plankton community to the cyanobacterial biomass cycle over 6 years in two subtropical reservoirs. ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:2196-2208. [PMID: 31053831 PMCID: PMC6776060 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although it is widely recognized that cyanobacterial blooms have substantial influence on the plankton community in general, their correlations with the whole community of eukaryotic plankton at longer time scales remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the temporal dynamics of eukaryotic plankton communities in two subtropical reservoirs over a 6-year period (2010–2015) following one cyanobacterial biomass cycle—the cyanobacterial bloom (middle 2010), cyanobacteria decrease (late 2010–early 2011), non-bloom (2011–2014), cyanobacteria increase, and second bloom (late 2014–2015). The eukaryotic community succession that strongly correlated with this cyanobacterial biomass cycle was divided into four periods, and each period had distinct characteristics in cyanobacterial biomass and environments in both reservoirs. Integrated co-occurrence networks of eukaryotic plankton based on the whole study period revealed that the cyanobacterial biomass had remarkably high network centralities, and the eukaryotic OTUs that had stronger correlations with the cyanobacterial biomass exhibited higher centralities. The integrated networks were also modularly responded to different eukaryotic succession periods, and therefore correlated with the cyanobacterial biomass cycle. Moreover, sub-networks based on the different eukaryotic succession periods indicated that the eukaryotic co-occurrence patterns were not constant but varied largely associating with the cyanobacterial biomass. Based on these long-term observations, our results reveal that the cyanobacterial biomass cycle created distinct niches between persistent bloom, non-bloom, decrease and increase of cyanobacteria, and therefore associated with distinct eukaryotic plankton patterns. Our results have important implications for understanding how complex aquatic plankton communities respond to cyanobacterial blooms under the changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemian Liu
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021, Xiamen, China.,Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, 350108, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huihuang Chen
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Liu
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021, Xiamen, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Jun R Yang
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021, Xiamen, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021, Xiamen, China
| | - David M Wilkinson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Jun Yang
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021, Xiamen, China.
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12
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Teixeira AG, Agarwal R, Ko KR, Grant‐Burt J, Leung BM, Frampton JP. Emerging Biotechnology Applications of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701036. [PMID: 29280350 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation between aqueous solutions containing two incompatible polymers, a polymer and a salt, or a polymer and a surfactant, has been exploited for a wide variety of biotechnology applications throughout the years. While many applications for aqueous two-phase systems fall within the realm of separation science, the ability to partition many different materials within these systems, coupled with recent advances in materials science and liquid handling, has allowed bioengineers to imagine new applications. This progress report provides an overview of the history and key properties of aqueous two-phase systems to lend context to how these materials have progressed to modern applications such as cellular micropatterning and bioprinting, high-throughput 3D tissue assembly, microscale biomolecular assay development, facilitation of cell separation and microcapsule production using microfluidic devices, and synthetic biology. Future directions and present limitations and design considerations of this adaptable and promising toolkit for biomolecule and cellular manipulation are further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyne G. Teixeira
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Rishima Agarwal
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Kristin Robin Ko
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Jessica Grant‐Burt
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Brendan M. Leung
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
- Department of Applied Oral Science Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - John P. Frampton
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
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13
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Johnke J, Baron M, de Leeuw M, Kushmaro A, Jurkevitch E, Harms H, Chatzinotas A. A Generalist Protist Predator Enables Coexistence in Multitrophic Predator-Prey Systems Containing a Phage and the Bacterial Predator Bdellovibrio. Front Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2017.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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