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Okutani A, Morikawa S, Maeda K. Green Tea Catechin Epigallocatechin Gallate Inhibits Vegetative Cell Outgrowth and Expression of Beta-Lactamase Genes in Penicillin-Resistant Bacillus anthracis Strain PCr. Pathogens 2024; 13:699. [PMID: 39204299 PMCID: PMC11356866 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The green tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) has antimicrobial effects on many bacteria. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of EGCg on Bacillus anthracis spores and vegetative cells. The B. anthracis spores were insensitive to EGCg, but the growth of vegetative cells derived from germinated spores was inhibited by EGCg. Moreover, EGCg decreased the minimum inhibitory concentration of penicillin and meropenem for penicillin-resistant B. anthracis. In the penicillin-resistant B. anthracis strain, the transcription levels of the beta-lactamase genes (bla1 and bla2) decreased significantly following the treatment with 50 µg/mL EGCg. These results suggest that the appropriate application of EGCg may effectively control the penicillin-resistant B. anthracis growth and beta-lactamase production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Okutani
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (S.M.); (K.M.)
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Chen Y, Shen J, Wu Y, Ni M, Deng Y, Sun X, Wang X, Zhang T, Pan F, Tang Z. Tea consumption and risk of lower respiratory tract infections: a two-sample mendelian randomization study. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:385-393. [PMID: 36042048 PMCID: PMC9427168 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02994-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have reported the association between tea consumption and the risk of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). However, a consensus has yet to be reached, and whether the observed association is driven by confounding factors or reverse causality remains unclear. METHOD A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to determine whether genetically predicted tea intake is causally associated with the risk of common LRTI subtypes. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) from UK Biobank was used to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with an extra cup of tea intake each day. The summary statistics for acute bronchitis, acute bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis, pneumonia, and influenza and pneumonia were derived from the FinnGen project. RESULTS We found that genetically predicted an extra daily cup of tea intake was causally associated with the decreased risk of bronchiectasis [odds ratio (OR) = 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.47-0.78, P < 0.001], pneumonia (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.85-0.96, P = 0.002), influenza and pneumonia (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.85-0.97, P = 0.002), but not with acute bronchitis (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.82-1.01, P = 0.067) and acute bronchiolitis (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.60-1.05, P = 0.100). Sensitivity analyses showed that no heterogeneity and pleiotropy could bias the results. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided new evidence that genetically predicted an extra daily cup of tea intake may causally associated with a decreased risk of bronchiectasis, pneumonia, and influenza and pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jiran Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Man Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yujie Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoya Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhiru Tang
- School of Health Service and Management, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Plant Secondary Metabolites Produced in Response to Abiotic Stresses Has Potential Application in Pharmaceutical Product Development. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010313. [PMID: 35011546 PMCID: PMC8746929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are vital for human health and constitute the skeletal framework of many pharmaceutical drugs. Indeed, more than 25% of the existing drugs belong to PSMs. One of the continuing challenges for drug discovery and pharmaceutical industries is gaining access to natural products, including medicinal plants. This bottleneck is heightened for endangered species prohibited for large sample collection, even if they show biological hits. While cultivating the pharmaceutically interesting plant species may be a solution, it is not always possible to grow the organism outside its natural habitat. Plants affected by abiotic stress present a potential alternative source for drug discovery. In order to overcome abiotic environmental stressors, plants may mount a defense response by producing a diversity of PSMs to avoid cells and tissue damage. Plants either synthesize new chemicals or increase the concentration (in most instances) of existing chemicals, including the prominent bioactive lead compounds morphine, camptothecin, catharanthine, epicatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), quercetin, resveratrol, and kaempferol. Most PSMs produced under various abiotic stress conditions are plant defense chemicals and are functionally anti-inflammatory and antioxidative. The major PSM groups are terpenoids, followed by alkaloids and phenolic compounds. We have searched the literature on plants affected by abiotic stress (primarily studied in the simulated growth conditions) and their PSMs (including pharmacological activities) from PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE Ovid, Google Scholar, Databases, and journal websites. We used search keywords: "stress-affected plants," "plant secondary metabolites, "abiotic stress," "climatic influence," "pharmacological activities," "bioactive compounds," "drug discovery," and "medicinal plants" and retrieved published literature between 1973 to 2021. This review provides an overview of variation in bioactive phytochemical production in plants under various abiotic stress and their potential in the biodiscovery of therapeutic drugs. We excluded studies on the effects of biotic stress on PSMs.
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Chen Y, Cheng S, Dai J, Wang L, Xu Y, Peng X, Xie X, Peng C. Molecular mechanisms and applications of tea polyphenols: A narrative review. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13910. [PMID: 34426979 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tea is a worldwide popular drink with high nutritional and medicinal values as it is rich in nutrients, such as polyphenols, amino acids, vitamins, glycosides, and so on. Among them, tea polyphenols (TPs) are the current research hotspot. TPs are known to have multiple biological activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria, lowering lipid, and liver protection. By reviewing a large number of literatures, we explained the mechanism of TPs exerting biological activity and a wide range of applications. We also discussed the deficiencies and development potential of TPs, in order to provide theoretical reference and scientific basis for the subsequent development and utilization of TPs. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: We summarized the bioactivity mechanisms of TPs in anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, and liver protection, focused on its application fields in food and medicine, and discussed the deficiency and development potential of current research on TPs, so as to provide a certain convenient way for scholars studying TPs. It is expected to contribute to the subsequent discovery of biological activity and the broadening of the field of TPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Si Cheng
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangang Dai
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Xu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Peng
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Lu B, Jun S, Ning Y, Xiaohong W, Xin Z. Identification of tea white star disease and anthrax based on hyperspectral image information. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
- Information Center Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Sun Jun
- Information Center Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Yang Ning
- Information Center Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Wu Xiaohong
- Information Center Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Zhou Xin
- Information Center Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
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Taylor PW. Interactions of Tea-Derived Catechin Gallates with Bacterial Pathogens. Molecules 2020; 25:E1986. [PMID: 32340372 PMCID: PMC7221614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea-derived galloylated catechins have weak direct antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens and are able to phenotypically transform, at moderate concentrations, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal pathogens from full β-lactam resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration 256-512 mg/L) to complete susceptibility (~1 mg/L). Reversible conversion to susceptibility follows intercalation of these compounds into the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, eliciting dispersal of the proteins associated with continued cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis in the presence of β-lactam antibiotics. The molecules penetrate deep within the hydrophobic core of the lipid palisade to force a reconfiguration of cytoplasmic membrane architecture. The catechin gallate-induced staphylococcal phenotype is complex, reflecting perturbation of an essential bacterial organelle, and includes prevention and inhibition of biofilm formation, disruption of secretion of virulence-related proteins, dissipation of halotolerance, cell wall thickening and cell aggregation and poor separation of daughter cells during cell division. These features are associated with the reduction of capacity of potential pathogens to cause lethal, difficult-to-treat infections and could, in combination with β-lactam agents that have lost therapeutic efficacy due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, form the basis of a new approach to the treatment of staphylococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Taylor
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
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Shelf-life of shucked oyster in epigallocatechin-3-gallate with slightly acidic electrolyzed water washing under refrigeration temperature. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Gonzalez-Alfonso JL, Peñalver P, Ballesteros AO, Morales JC, Plou FJ. Effect of α-Glucosylation on the Stability, Antioxidant Properties, Toxicity, and Neuroprotective Activity of (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate. Front Nutr 2019; 6:30. [PMID: 30968027 PMCID: PMC6438877 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(–)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the predominant catechin (≥50%) in green tea (Camellia sinensis), displays several bioactive properties but its stability and bioavailability are low. In this work, the properties of two α-glucosyl derivatives of EGCG (3′- and 7-O-α-D-glucopyranoside), obtained by enzymatic synthesis, were assessed. The α-glucosylation enhanced the pH and thermal stability of EGCG. The analysis of scavenging activity toward ABTS·+ radicals showed that the α-glucosylation at C-7 of A-ring caused a higher loss of antioxidant activity compared with the sugar conjugation at C-3′ of B-ring. The 3′-glucoside also showed higher potential to alleviate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and to boost REDOX activity. The toxicity of EGCG and its monoglucosides was tested in human SH-S5Y5 neurons, RAW 264.7 macrophages, MRC5 fibroblasts, and HT-29 colon cancer cells. Interestingly, the 3′-O-α-D-glucoside increased the viability of neural cells in vitro (2.75-fold at 100 μM) in the presence of H2O2, whilst EGCG gave rise only to a 1.7-fold enhancement. In conclusion, the α-glucoside of EGCG at C-3′ has a great potential for nutraceutical, cosmetic and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Peñalver
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Juan C Morales
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, CSIC, Granada, Spain
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Gonzalez-Alfonso JL, Leemans L, Poveda A, Jimenez-Barbero J, Ballesteros AO, Plou FJ. Efficient α-Glucosylation of Epigallocatechin Gallate Catalyzed by Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase from Thermoanaerobacter Species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7402-7408. [PMID: 29939740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The glycosylation of plant polyphenols may modulate their solubility and bioavailability and protect these molecules from oxygen, light degradation, and during gastrointestinal transit. In this work, the synthesis of various α-glucosyl derivatives of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, the predominant catechin in green tea, was performed in water at 50 °C by a transglycosylation reaction catalyzed by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Thermoanaerobacter sp. The molecular weight of reaction products was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Using hydrolyzed potato starch as a glucosyl donor, two main monoglucosides were obtained with conversion yields of 58 and 13%, respectively. The products were isolated and chemically characterized by combining two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance methods. The major derivative was epigallocatechin gallate 3'- O-α-d-glucopyranoside (1), and the minor derivative was epigallocatechin gallate 7- O-α-d-glucopyranoside (2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Gonzalez-Alfonso
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Laura Leemans
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Ana Poveda
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences , Parque Científico Tecnológico de Bizkaia , 48160 Derio , Biscay , Spain
| | - Jesús Jimenez-Barbero
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences , Parque Científico Tecnológico de Bizkaia , 48160 Derio , Biscay , Spain
- Ikerbasque , Basque Foundation for Science , Maria Diaz de Haro 13 , 48009 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Antonio O Ballesteros
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Francisco J Plou
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , 28049 Madrid , Spain
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