1
|
Xia F, Liu Y, Wei L, Shao S, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Wang Q. Long-chain unsaturated fatty acids sensor controlling the type III/VI secretion system is essential for Edwardsiella piscicida infection. Microbiol Res 2024; 285:127770. [PMID: 38788352 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Edwardsiella piscicida is an acute marine pathogen that causes severe damage to the aquaculture industry worldwide. The pathogenesis of E. piscicida is dependent mainly on the type III secretion system (T3SS) and type VI secretion system (T6SS), both of which are critically regulated by EsrB and EsrC. In this study, we revealed that fatty acids influence T3SS expression. Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), but not saturated fatty acids (SFAs), directly interact with EsrC, which abolishes the function of EsrC and results in the turn-off of T3/T6SS. Moreover, during the in vivo colonization of E. piscicida, host fatty acids were observed to be transported into E. piscicida through FadL and to modulate the expression of T3/T6SS. Furthermore, the esrCR38G mutant blocked the interaction between EsrC and UFAs, leading to dramatic growth defects in DMEM and impaired colonization in HeLa cells and zebrafish. In conclusion, this study revealed that the interaction between UFAs and EsrC to turn off T3/T6SS expression is essential for E. piscicida infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lifan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases of MOA, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases of MOA, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases of MOA, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Qiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases of MOA, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Haosi Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Torres M, Paszti S, Eberl L. Shedding light on bacteria-host interactions with the aid of TnSeq approaches. mBio 2024; 15:e0039024. [PMID: 38722161 PMCID: PMC11237515 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00390-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria are highly adaptable and grow in diverse niches, where they often interact with eukaryotic organisms. These interactions with different hosts span the entire spectrum from symbiosis to pathogenicity and thus determine the lifestyle of the bacterium. Knowledge of the genetic determinants involved in animal and plant host colonization by pathogenic and mutualistic bacteria is not only crucial to discover new drug targets for disease management but also for developing novel biostimulant strategies. In the last decades, significant progress in genome-wide high-throughput technologies such as transposon insertion sequencing has led to the identification of pathways that enable efficient host colonization. However, the extent to which similar genes play a role in this process in different bacteria is yet unclear. This review highlights the commonalities and specificities of bacterial determinants important for bacteria-host interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Torres
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Paszti
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Eberl
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghosh D, Pal A, Mohapatra S, Raj S, Vivekanandan P. Distinct epigenetic signatures of classical and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae. mSphere 2024; 9:e0046423. [PMID: 38112443 PMCID: PMC10826340 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00464-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergence and spread of the hypervirulent pathotype of Klebsiella pneumoniae have significantly increased infection rates in community as well as healthcare settings. There is an increasing interest to identify discriminating features between classical K. pneumoniae (cKp) and hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) to facilitate our understanding of the rapid emergence and dissemination of the hypervirulent pathotype. Here, we sought to identify unique epigenetic signatures of hvKp pathotype that differ from its classical counterpart using single-base resolution methylome analysis of native DNA sequencing on the Oxford Nanopore Technologies platform. The overall global adenine methylation in GATC motifs (i.e., Dam methylation motif) and cytosine methylation in CCWGG motifs (i.e., Dcm methylation motif) were significantly higher in hvKp isolates compared to that in cKp isolates, irrespective of their position in chromosomes or putative extra-chromosomal genetic elements. Notably, we observed significant enrichment of hypermethylated GATC and CCWGG motifs in the virulome of hvKp compared to hvKp genes not directly associated with virulence. We also observed increased methylation of GATC and CCWGG motifs in the capsule synthesis locus of hvKp isolates compared to cKp isolates. Furthermore, we identified several differentially methylated genes (DMGs) between the two pathotypes; interestingly, these DMGs include metal ion transporters, multidrug efflux pumps, transcriptional regulators of stress response, and genes associated with biofilm formation. Our results highlight hypermethylation of GATC and CCWGG motifs as unique epigenetic signatures of hvKp isolates.IMPORTANCEHypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is a more virulent and rapidly evolving hypermucoviscous pathotype of classical K. pneumoniae (cKp). The hypervirulent pathotype is a major public health concern and is associated with high infection rates in community as well as hospital settings. With the recent emergence of multidrug-resistant hvKp, it has become imperative to investigate non-classical mechanisms such as epigenetics in addition to canonical biochemical and genetic mechanisms that delineate and differentiate the hypervirulent pathotype from its classical counterpart. Here, we identify genome-wide differences in adenine and cytosine methylation marks at well-characterized motifs between the two pathotypes. Overall, significantly higher levels of methylation were observed across chromosomal DNA and extrachromosomal elements in hvKp compared to cKp. Among hvKp isolates, the genes associated with virulence are particularly enriched for methylation marks. Our findings shed light on how epigenetic signatures may help distinguish the pathogenic potential of bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipannita Ghosh
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Arijit Pal
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarita Mohapatra
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Stephen Raj
- Department of Microbiology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Perumal Vivekanandan
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
In silico Structural and Functional Characterization of a Hypothetical Protein from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SRM01. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.2.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a low-virulence opportunistic pathogen that causes human infections, especially in profound ill patients. Even if the bacterial genomes seem understood, the activities of many proteins are unknown. The purpose of our current research is to unravel the functional characteristics i.e. functional domain search and valuable regions of a hypothetical protein that would aid in the identification of potential drug targets in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The hypothetical protein of S.maltophilia was located and annotated using different in silico techniques. Our target protein was predicted to be Transcrip Reg superfamily YebC/PmpR based on motif and domain analysis by functional annotation tools. The regulator proteins of the YebC family are part of a vast collection of widely conserved hypothetical proteins with unclear functions. Examining and reviewing the function of YebC family protein, they repress Quorum sensing by directly binding to the promoter region of QS master regulator pqrS. It has also been reported that T3SS expression is regulated by YebC, to activate the virulence expression direct interaction with one of the T3SS promoters is needed.
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen X, Fan B, Fan C, Wang Z, Wangkahart E, Huang Y, Huang Y, Jian J, Wang B. First comprehensive proteome analysis of lysine crotonylation in Streptococcus agalactiae, a pathogen causing meningoencephalitis in teleosts. Proteome Sci 2021; 19:14. [PMID: 34758830 PMCID: PMC8580364 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-021-00182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud Streptococcus agalactiae is a common colonizer of the rectovaginal tract and lead to infectious diseases of neonatal and non-pregnant adults, which also causes infectious disease in fish and a zoonotic risk as well. Lysine crotonylation (Kcr) is a kind of histone post-translational modifications discovered in 2011. In yeast and mammals, Kcr function as potential enhancers and promote gene expression. However, lysine crotonylation in S. agalactiae has not been studied yet. Methods In this study, the crotonylation profiling of fish pathogen, S. agalactiae was investigated by combining affinity enrichment with LC MS/MS. The Kcr modification of several selected proteins were further validated by Western blotting. Results In the present study, we conducted the proteome-wide profiling of Kcr in S. agalactiae and identified 241 Kcr sites from 675 screened proteins for the first time. Bioinformatics analysis showed that 164 sequences were matched to a total of six definitively conserved motifs, and many of them were significantly enriched in metabolic processes, cellular process, and single-organism processes. Moreover, four crotonylation modified proteins were predicted as virulence factors or to being part of the quorum sensing system PTMs on bacteria. The data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD026445. Conclusions These data provide a promising starting point for further functional research of crotonylation in bacterial virulence in S. agalactiae. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12953-021-00182-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Bolin Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Chenlong Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, PR China.
| | - Eakapol Wangkahart
- Research Unit of Excellence for Tropical Fisheries and Technology, Division of Fisheries, Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Yucong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Choi E, Jeon H, Oh C, Hwang J. Elucidation of a Novel Role of YebC in Surface Polysaccharides Regulation of Escherichia coli bipA-Deletion. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:597515. [PMID: 33240252 PMCID: PMC7682190 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.597515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The BipA (BPI-inducible protein A) protein is ubiquitously conserved in various bacterial species and belongs to the translational GTPase family. Interestingly, the function of Escherichia coli BipA is not essential for cell growth under normal growth conditions. However, cultivation of bipA-deleted cells at 20°C leads to cold-sensitive growth defect and several phenotypic changes in ribosome assembly, capsule production, and motility, suggesting its global regulatory roles. Previously, our genomic library screening revealed that the overexpressed ribosomal protein (r-protein) L20 partially suppressed cold-sensitive growth defect by resolving the ribosomal abnormality in bipA-deleted cells at low temperature. Here, we explored another genomic library clone containing yebC, which encodes a predicted transcriptional factor that is not directly associated with ribosome biogenesis. Interestingly, overexpression of yebC in bipA-deleted cells diminished capsule synthesis and partially restored lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core maturation at a low temperature without resolving defects in ribosome assembly or motility, indicating that YebC may be specifically involved in the regulation of exopolysaccharide and LPS core synthesis. In this study, we collectively investigated the impacts of bipA-deletion on E. coli capsule, LPS, biofilm formation, and motility and revealed novel roles of YebC in extracellular polysaccharide production and LPS core synthesis at low temperature using this mutant strain. Furthermore, our findings suggest that ribosomal defects as well as increased capsule synthesis, and changes in LPS composition may contribute independently to the cold-sensitivity of bipA-deleted cells, implying multiple regulatory roles of BipA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunsil Choi
- Microbiological Resource Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyerin Jeon
- Microbiological Resource Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Changmin Oh
- Microbiological Resource Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jihwan Hwang
- Microbiological Resource Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Chen T, Raghunandanan S, Xiang X, Yang J, Liu Q, Edmondson DG, Norris SJ, Yang XF, Lou Y. YebC regulates variable surface antigen VlsE expression and is required for host immune evasion in Borrelia burgdorferi. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008953. [PMID: 33048986 PMCID: PMC7584230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease pathogen causes persistent infection by evading the host immune response. Differential expression of the surface-exposed lipoprotein VlsE that undergoes antigenic variation is a key immune evasion strategy employed by B. burgdorferi. Most studies focused on the mechanism of VlsE antigen variation, but little is known about VlsE regulation and factor(s) that regulates differential vlsE expression. In this study, we investigated BB0025, a putative YebC family transcriptional regulator (and hence designated BB0025 as YebC of B. burgdorferi herein). We constructed yebC mutant and complemented strain in an infectious strain of B. burgdorferi. The yebC mutant could infect immunocompromised SCID mice but not immunocompetent mice, suggesting that YebC plays an important role in evading host adaptive immunity. RNA-seq analyses identified vlsE as one of the genes whose expression was most affected by YebC. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses confirmed that vlsE expression was dependent on YebC. In vitro, YebC and VlsE were co-regulated in response to growth temperature. In mice, both yebC and vlsE were inversely expressed with ospC in response to the host adaptive immune response. Furthermore, EMSA proved that YebC directly binds to the vlsE promoter, suggesting a direct transcriptional control. These data demonstrate that YebC is a new regulator that modulates expression of vlsE and other genes important for spirochetal infection and immune evasion in the mammalian host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Optometry and Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sajith Raghunandanan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Xuwu Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Qiang Liu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Diane G. Edmondson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UTHealth Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Norris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UTHealth Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - X. Frank Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Panyushkina A, Matyushkina D, Pobeguts O. Understanding Stress Response to High-Arsenic Gold-Bearing Sulfide Concentrate in Extremely Metal-Resistant Acidophile Sulfobacillus thermotolerans. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1076. [PMID: 32707712 PMCID: PMC7409299 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biooxidation of gold-bearing arsenopyrite concentrates, using acidophilic microbial communities, is among the largest commercial biohydrometallurgical processes. However, molecular mechanisms of microbial responses to sulfide raw materials have not been widely studied. The goal of this research was to gain insight into the defense strategies of the acidophilic bacterium Sulfobacillus thermotolerans, which dominates microbial communities functioning in industrial biooxidation processes at >35 °C, against the toxic effect of the high-arsenic gold-bearing sulfide concentrate. In addition to extreme metal resistance, this acidophile proved to be one of the most As-tolerant microorganisms. Comparative proteomic analysis indicated that 30 out of 33 differentially expressed proteins were upregulated in response to the ore concentrate, while the synthesis level of the functional proteins required for cell survival was not negatively affected. Despite a high level of cellular metal(loid) accumulation, no specific metal(loid)-resistant systems were regulated. Instead, several proteins involved in the metabolic pathways and stress response, including MBL fold metallo-hydrolase, sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase, and GroEL chaperonin, may play crucial roles in resistance to the sulfide ore concentrate and arsenic, in particular. This study provides the first data on the microbial responses to sulfide ore concentrates and advances our understanding of defense mechanisms against toxic compounds in acidophiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Panyushkina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave., 33, bld. 2, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Daria Matyushkina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia; (D.M.); (O.P.)
| | - Olga Pobeguts
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia; (D.M.); (O.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
In vitro Edwardsiella piscicida CK108 Transcriptome Profiles with Subinhibitory Concentrations of Phenol and Formalin Reveal New Insights into Bacterial Pathogenesis Mechanisms. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8071068. [PMID: 32709101 PMCID: PMC7409036 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenol and formalin are major water pollutants that are frequently discharged into the aquatic milieu. These chemicals can affect broad domains of life, including microorganisms. Aquatic pollutants, unlike terrestrial pollutants, are easily diluted in water environments and exist at a sub-inhibitory concentration (sub-IC), thus not directly inhibiting bacterial growth. However, they can modulate gene expression profiles. The sub-IC values of phenol and formalin were measured by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay to be 0.146% (1.3 mM) and 0.0039% (0.38 mM), respectively, in Edwardsiella piscicida CK108, a Gram-negative fish pathogen. We investigated the differentially expressed genes (DEG) by RNA-seq when the cells were exposed to the sub-ICs of phenol and formalin. DEG analyses revealed that genes involved in major virulence factors (type I fimbriae, flagella, type III and type VI secretion system) and various cellular pathways (energy production, amino acid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism and two-component regulatory systems) were up- or downregulated by both chemicals. The genome-wide gene expression data corresponded to the results of a quantitative reverse complementary-PCR and motility assay. This study not only provides insight into how a representative fish pathogen, E. piscicida CK108, responds to the sub-ICs of phenol and formalin but also shows the importance of controlling chemical pollutants in aquatic environments.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lindsey ARI. Sensing, Signaling, and Secretion: A Review and Analysis of Systems for Regulating Host Interaction in Wolbachia. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E813. [PMID: 32708808 PMCID: PMC7397232 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolbachia (Anaplasmataceae) is an endosymbiont of arthropods and nematodes that resides within host cells and is well known for manipulating host biology to facilitate transmission via the female germline. The effects Wolbachia has on host physiology, combined with reproductive manipulations, make this bacterium a promising candidate for use in biological- and vector-control. While it is becoming increasingly clear that Wolbachia's effects on host biology are numerous and vary according to the host and the environment, we know very little about the molecular mechanisms behind Wolbachia's interactions with its host. Here, I analyze 29 Wolbachia genomes for the presence of systems that are likely central to the ability of Wolbachia to respond to and interface with its host, including proteins for sensing, signaling, gene regulation, and secretion. Second, I review conditions under which Wolbachia alters gene expression in response to changes in its environment and discuss other instances where we might hypothesize Wolbachia to regulate gene expression. Findings will direct mechanistic investigations into gene regulation and host-interaction that will deepen our understanding of intracellular infections and enhance applied management efforts that leverage Wolbachia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia R I Lindsey
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Edwardsiella piscicida is an Enterobacteriaceae that is abundant in water and causes food and waterborne infections in fish, animals, and humans. The bacterium causes Edwardsiellosis in farmed fish and can lead to severe economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. E. piscicida is an intracellular pathogen that can also cause systemic infection. Type III and type VI secretion systems are the bacterium’s most lethal weapons against host defenses. It also possesses multi-antibiotic resistant genes and is selected and enriched in the environment due to the overuse of antibiotics. Therefore, the bacterium has great potential to contribute to the evolution of the resistome. All these properties have made this bacterium a perfect model to study bacteria virulence mechanisms and the spread of antimicrobial genes in the environment. We summarize recent advance in E. piscicida biology and provide insights into future research in virulence mechanisms, vaccine development and novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Yin Leung
- a Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Biotechnology and Food Engineering , Shantou , Guangdong , China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- b State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China.,c Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Marine Cultured Animal Vaccines, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China.,d Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhiyun Yang
- a Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Biotechnology and Food Engineering , Shantou , Guangdong , China
| | - Bupe A Siame
- e Department of Biology , Trinity Western University , Langley , BC , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Han Y, Wei L, Xiao J, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Zhou M. Identification and study of InV as an inverse autotransporter family representative in Edwardsiella piscicida. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:1107-1116. [PMID: 32052095 PMCID: PMC7223825 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Invasins and intimins, members of virulence-related adhesin family which is involved in attachment and adherence to epithelial cells during infection, are found in various pathogens. These pathogens can attach to enterocytes and lead to the formation of a pedestal-like structure. Invasins and intimins belong to type Ve secretion systems, and the N-terminal β-barrel domain acts as a translocation pore to secrete the C-terminal passenger domain. However, the relationship between invasins/intimins and type III secretion system (T3SS) has been poorly studied. Based on the transposon insertion mutant library of Edwardsiella piscicida, we got a transposon insertion mutant with significant T3SS defect and identified the mutated gene ETAE_0323 (named inV later). This gene encoded a protein with 2359 amino acid residues and was predicted to be an invasin. To study the relationship between InV and T3SS, strains with N-terminus or C-terminus deleted InV fragments were made. However, none of them was able to copy the phenotype of the transposon insertion mutant previously identified. The localization of InV in ΔT3SS strain was not significantly different from WT, suggesting that the T3SS defect in the transposon insertion mutant was likely to be caused by polar effect. Nevertheless, depletion of inV still showed dramatic internalization and virulence defect in HeLa cell and zebrafish model, respectively, suggesting InV as a virulence related protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lifan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jingfan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China. .,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu S, Xia X, Wang D, Zhou Z, Wang G. Gene function and expression regulation of RuvRCAB in bacterial Cr(VI), As(III), Sb(III), and Cd(II) resistance. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:2701-2713. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|