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Al-Baadani HH, Al-Mufarrej SI, Azzam MM, Alharthi AS, Al-Garadi MA, Al-Gabri NA, Al-Abdullatif AA, Al-Sagan AA, Qaid MM, Alhidary IA. Evaluation of gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) as a natural prebiotic to improve growth performance and health status of broiler chickens. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:244. [PMID: 35913613 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03245-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Gum Arabic (GA) is a natural product containing soluble fiber that is indigestible in the gastrointestinal tract and has been used as a traditional medicine to treat many diseases such as intestinal inflammation, kidney disease, and liver disorders, which may be reflected in the improved performance of broiler chickens when used. Therefore, the main objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of GA on the performance, immune system, visceral organs, functional tests, and histological changes of the ileum, liver, and kidneys of broilers. A total of 432 1-day-old male broilers were allocated to six dietary treatments (0.0, 0.12, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0% GA) for 35 days. Performance, internal organs, and blood biochemical indices were measured. Morphology and histometry of the intestine were also performed. Meanwhile, tissues of the ileum, liver, and kidney were examined and evaluated microscopically to observe histological changes. All levels of GA (0.12 to 1.0%) had a positive effect on growth performance and feed conversion ratio. In addition, GA had no effect on the relative weight of lymphoid and visceral organs, except for a linear response in the bursa and liver. The levels of GA (0.12 and 0.25%) showed the potential to decrease serum uric acid, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase. The remarkable increase in small intestinal morphology of chickens fed GA and an increase in all histometric values of the ileum. All histological changes in the intestine, liver, and kidneys improved in chickens fed the basal diet containing 0.12 to 0.50% GA. These results provide useful evidence for the potential use of GA powder (Acacia senegal) as a natural prebiotic to improve performance and intestinal, liver, and kidney health in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani H Al-Baadani
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud I Al-Mufarrej
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M Azzam
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Abdulrahman S Alharthi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged A Al-Garadi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif A Al-Gabri
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Abdullatif
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Al-Sagan
- King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Qaid
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Alhidary
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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