Genome of Superficieibacter maynardsmithii, a novel, antibiotic susceptible representative of Enterobacteriaceae

Pseudocitrobacter corydidari sp. nov., isolated from the Asian emerald cockroach Corydidarum magnifica

A Gram-negative bacterial strain, G163CMT, was isolated from the gut of the Asian emerald cockroach Corydidarum magnifica. The 16S rRNA gene sequence (1416 bp) of strain G163CMT showed 99.22% similarity to Pseudocitrobacter faecalis CCM 8479T and Pseudocitrobacter vendiensis CPO20170097T. The average nucleotide identity, digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average amino acid identity values of strain G163CMT were 92.4, 48.8 and 95.7% to P. faecalis CCM 8479T, and 93.3, 52.4 and 95.7% to P. vendiensis CPO20170097T. This strongly supports the designation of G163CMT as representing a new species in the genus Pseudocitrobacter . Phylogenetic trees based on the alignment of 16S rRNA, multilocus sequence analysis of six single-copy genes (fusA, pyrG, leuS, rpoB, recN and mnmE) and 107 core protein sequences consistently showed G163CMT to be a member of the genus Pseudocitrobacter , closely related to P. vendiensis CPO20170097T. In contrast to P. faecalis CCM 8479T and P. vendiensis CPO20170097T, the genome of G163CMT did not encode for proteins conferring resistance to antibiotics. However, all three genomes encoded a similar number of virulence factors and specialized metabolite biosynthetic proteins. The major fatty acids of strain G163CMT were C16:0 (31.5 %), C18:1 ω7c (22.6 %), C17:0 cyclo (15.3 %) and C14:0 (6.5 %). Based on the polyphasic results, we conclude that strain G163CMT represents a novel species of the genus Pseudocitrobacter and we propose the name Pseudocitrobacter corydidari sp. nov. with the type strain G163CMT (=DSM 112648T=CCM 9160T).

A large-scale genomic snapshot of Klebsiella spp. isolates in Northern Italy reveals limited transmission between clinical and non-clinical settings

The Klebsiella group, found in humans, livestock, plants, soil, water and wild animals, is genetically and ecologically diverse. Many species are opportunistic pathogens and can harbour diverse classes of antimicrobial resistance genes. Healthcare-associated Klebsiella pneumoniae clones that are non-susceptible to carbapenems can spread rapidly, representing a high public health burden. Here we report an analysis of 3,482 genome sequences representing 15 Klebsiella species sampled over a 17-month period from a wide range of clinical, community, animal and environmental settings in and around the Italian city of Pavia. Northern Italy is a hotspot for hospital-acquired carbapenem non-susceptible Klebsiella and thus a pertinent setting to examine the overlap between isolates in clinical and non-clinical settings. We found no genotypic or phenotypic evidence for non-susceptibility to carbapenems outside the clinical environment. Although we noted occasional transmission between clinical and non-clinical settings, our data point to a limited role of animal and environmental reservoirs in the human acquisition of Klebsiella spp. We also provide a detailed genus-wide view of genomic diversity and population structure, including the identification of new groups.