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Dejonckheere M, Antonelli M, Arvaniti K, Blot K, CreaghBrown B, de Lange DW, De Waele J, Deschepper M, Dikmen Y, Dimopoulos G, Eckmann C, Francois G, Girardis M, Koulenti D, Labeau S, Lipman J, Lipovestky F, Maseda E, Montravers P, Mikstacki A, Paiva J, Pereyra C, Rello J, Timsit J, Vogelaers D, Blot S. Epidemiology and risk factors for mortality in critically ill patients with pancreatic infection. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2024; 4:81-93. [PMID: 38263964 PMCID: PMC10800767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Background The AbSeS-classification defines specific phenotypes of patients with intra-abdominal infection based on the (1) setting of infection onset (community-acquired, early onset, or late-onset hospital-acquired), (2) presence or absence of either localized or diffuse peritonitis, and (3) severity of disease expression (infection, sepsis, or septic shock). This classification system demonstrated reliable risk stratification in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with intra-abdominal infection. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of ICU patients with pancreatic infection and assess the relationship between the components of the AbSeS-classification and mortality. Methods This was a secondary analysis of an international observational study ("AbSeS") investigating ICU patients with intra-abdominal infection. Only patients with pancreatic infection were included in this analysis (n=165). Mortality was defined as ICU mortality within 28 days of observation for patients discharged earlier from the ICU. Relationships with mortality were assessed using logistic regression analysis and reported as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The overall mortality was 35.2% (n=58). The independent risk factors for mortality included older age (OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.1 P=0.023), localized peritonitis (OR=4.4, 95% CI: 1.4 to 13.9 P=0.011), and persistent signs of inflammation at day 7 (OR=9.5, 95% CI: 3.8 to 23.9, P<0.001) or after the implementation of additional source control interventions within the first week (OR=4.0, 95% CI: 1.3 to 12.2, P=0.013). Gram-negative bacteria were most frequently isolated (n=58, 49.2%) without clinically relevant differences in microbial etiology between survivors and non-survivors. Conclusions In pancreatic infection, a challenging source/damage control and ongoing pancreatic inflammation appear to be the strongest contributors to an unfavorable short-term outcome. In this limited series, essentials of the AbSeS-classification, such as the setting of infection onset, diffuse peritonitis, and severity of disease expression, were not associated with an increased mortality risk.ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT03270345.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Dejonckheere
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Massimo Antonelli
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Kostoula Arvaniti
- Intensive Care Unit, Papageorgiou University Affiliated Hospital, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Koen Blot
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Ben CreaghBrown
- Surrey Perioperative Anaesthetic Critical Care Collaborative Research Group (SPACeR), Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Dylan W. de Lange
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan De Waele
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mieke Deschepper
- Data Science Institute, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yalim Dikmen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - George Dimopoulos
- 3rd Department of Critical Care, “EVGENIDIO” Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christian Eckmann
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum Hannoversch-Muenden, Goettingen University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Guy Francois
- Division of Scientific Affairs-Research, European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Massimo Girardis
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Despoina Koulenti
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- 2nd Critical Care Department, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Sonia Labeau
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Education, Health and Social Work, University College Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeffrey Lipman
- Jamieson Trauma Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Nimes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nimes, France
| | - Fernando Lipovestky
- Critical Care Department, Hospital of the Interamerican Open University (UAI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emilio Maseda
- Surgical Critical Care, Department of Anesthesia, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Philippe Montravers
- Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR-S 1152-PHERE, Paris, France
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, HUPNSV, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Adam Mikstacki
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Regional Hospital in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - JoseArtur Paiva
- Intensive Care Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitario S. Joao, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Grupo Infecao e Sepsis, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cecilia Pereyra
- Intensive Care Unit from Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos “Prof Dr Luis Guemes”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jordi Rello
- Ciberes and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - JeanFrancois Timsit
- Université Paris-Cité, IAME, INSERM 1137, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Medical and Infection Diseases ICU (MI2), Paris, France
| | - Dirk Vogelaers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium
| | - Stijn Blot
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Dike CR, Sun QK, Rahib L, Golden M, Abu-El-Haija M. Extra-pancreatic manifestations reported in association with pancreatitis; an international survey report. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288337. [PMID: 37432930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Local and systemic manifestations have been reported in association with pancreatitis, anecdotally. However, a systematic collection on the prevalence of each of these symptoms in pancreatitis is lacking. We aimed to determine the prevalence of symptoms and diagnoses reported by a cohort of patients with pancreatitis, refer to as "extra pancreatic manifestation of pancreatitis". METHODS Cross-sectional study approved by the IRB and administered through a REDCap survey by "Mission: Cure", a nonprofit organization. RESULTS Of the 225 respondents analyzed; 89% were adults, 69% females, 89% Caucasians with 74% residing in the USA. 42% of children and 50% of adults reported exocrine pancreatic insufficiency while 8% of children and 26% of adults reported DM. Type 3c DM was reported in all children and 45% of adult DM cases. Children were diagnosed with genetic or hereditary pancreatitis more frequently compared to adults (33.3% versus 8%; p = <0.001). Significantly more symptoms and diagnoses were reported by adults when compared to children including nighttime sweats, bloating, or cramping, greasy or oily stools, feeling cold and GERD with p values of 0.002, 0.006, 0.046, 0.002 and 0.003 respectively. CONCLUSIONS Adults with pancreatitis frequently report symptoms not known to be associated with pancreatitis. Studies investigating mechanisms for these associated symptoms should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinenye R Dike
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Nebraska Medical Center and Children's Hospital & Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Qin Kiki Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Lola Rahib
- Mission: Cure, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Megan Golden
- Mission: Cure, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Maisam Abu-El-Haija
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
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Barreto SG, Kaambwa B, Venkatesh K, Sasson SC, Andersen C, Delaney A, Bihari S, Pilcher D. Mortality and costs related to severe acute pancreatitis in the intensive care units of Australia and New Zealand (ANZ), 2003-2020. Pancreatology 2023:S1424-3903(23)00100-X. [PMID: 37121877 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Comprehensive data on the burden of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in global intensive care units (ICUs) and trends over time are lacking. Our objective was to compare trends in hospital and ICU mortality, in-hospital and ICU length of stay, and costs related to ICU admission in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) for SAP. METHODS We performed a retrospective, observational, cohort study of ICU admissions reported to the ANZ Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database over three consecutive six-year time periods from 2003 to 2020. RESULTS 12,635 patients with SAP from 189 ICUs in ANZ were analysed. No difference in adjusted hospital mortality (11.4% vs 11.5% vs 11.0%, p = 0.85) and ICU mortality rates (7.5% vs 8.0% vs 8.1%, p = 0.73) were noted over the study period. Median length of hospital admission reduced over time (13.9 days in 2003-08, 13.1 days in 2009-14 and 12.5 days in 2015-20; p < 0.01). No difference in length of ICU stay was noted over the study period (p = 0.13). The cost of managing SAP in ANZ ICUs remained constant over the three time periods. CONCLUSIONS In critically-ill SAP patients in ANZ, no change in mortality has been noted over nearly two decades. There was a slight reduction in hospital stay (1 day), while the length of ICU stay remained unchanged. Given the significant costs related to care of patients with SAP in ICU, these findings highlight the need to prioritise resource allocation for healthcare delivery and targeted clinical research to identify treatments aimed at reducing mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savio George Barreto
- Division of Surgery and Perioperative Medicine, Flinders Medical Center, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Billingsley Kaambwa
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - Karthik Venkatesh
- Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, The Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia; The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah C Sasson
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, Australia; NSW Health Pathology I.C.P.M.R, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christopher Andersen
- Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, The Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia; The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, King Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Anthony Delaney
- Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, The Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shailesh Bihari
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia; Department of ICCU, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - David Pilcher
- Department of Intensive Care, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Prahran, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia; The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care-Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia; The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS), Centre for Outcome and Resource Evaluation (CORE), 277 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria, 3124, Australia
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Shah I, Yakah W, Ahmed A, Kandasamy C, Tintara S, Sorrento C, Freedman SD, Kothari DJ, Sheth SG. Extrapancreatic Complications in Hospitalized Patients With Mild Acute Pancreatitis Are Associated With Poorer Outcomes: Results From a Single-Center Study. Pancreas 2022; 51:177-182. [PMID: 35404894 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) are at risk for extrapancreatic complications (EPCs) when admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We assessed the prevalence of EPCs in non-ICU AP patients and their outcomes. METHODS We retrospectively studied EPCs in non-ICU AP patients between 2008 and 2018. Outcomes such as length of stay (LOS), inpatient mortality, and 30-day readmission rates were compared between those with and without EPC. RESULTS Of the 830 AP patients, 151 (18.1%) had at least 1 EPC. These included urinary tract infection (15.9%), Clostridium difficile infection (17.2%), pneumonia (7.3%), bacteremia (17.2%), acute kidney injury requiring dialysis (3.3%), gastrointestinal bleeding (12.5%), alcohol withdrawal (24.5%), delirium (14.5%), and falls (1.32%). Patients with EPC had increased mean LOS (6.98 vs 4.42 days; P < 0.001) and 30-day readmissions (32.5% vs 19%; P < 0.001). On multivariate regression, EPCs were independently associated with higher LOS (odds ratio, 1.45 [95% confidence interval, 1.36-1.56]; P < 0.001) and 30-day readmissions (odds ratio, 1.94 [95% confidence interval 1.28-2.95]; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The EPCs are common among noncritical AP patients and contribute to poor outcomes like increased LOS and 30-day readmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Shah
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - William Yakah
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Awais Ahmed
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Cinthana Kandasamy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Supisara Tintara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Cristina Sorrento
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Steven D Freedman
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Darshan J Kothari
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Sunil G Sheth
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine
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Extrapancreatic infections are common in acute pancreatitis and they are related to organ failure: a population-based study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 32:1293-1300. [PMID: 32675778 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the impact of pancreatic infections in acute pancreatitis has been studied extensively, there are no population-based data on extrapancreatic infections and their potential relation to organ failure. We aimed to study the occurrence of pancreatic and extrapancreatic bacterial infections in acute pancreatitis and their relation to patient outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients with first-time acute pancreatitis from 2003 to 2012 in a defined area in Sweden were retrospectively evaluated. Data on acute pancreatitis severity, organ failure, infections, and in-hospital mortality were collected. RESULTS Overall, 304 bacterial infections occurred in 248/1457 patients (17%). Fifteen percent had extrapancreatic and 2% had pancreatic infections. The lungs (35%), the urinary tract (24%), and the bile ducts (18%) were the most common sites of extrapancreatic infections. Organ failure, severe acute pancreatitis, and in-hospital mortality were more common in patients with vs those without (pancreatic/extrapancreatic) infections (P < 0.05). Organ failure and severe acute pancreatitis occurred more frequently in pancreatic vs extrapancreatic infections (70% vs 34%, P < 0.001 and 67% vs 28%, P < 0.001), but in-hospital mortality did not differ between the two groups (7.4% vs 6.8%, P = 1.0). Both pancreatic and extrapancreatic infections were independent predictors of organ failure (P < 0.05). Out of culture-positive infections, 18% were due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria, without any significant difference between extrapancreatic vs pancreatic infections (P > 0.05). About two out of five infections were of nosocomial origin. CONCLUSION Extrapancreatic infections occurred in 15% and pancreatic infections in 2% of patients with first-time acute pancreatitis. Both pancreatic and extrapancreatic infections were independent predictors of organ failure, leading to increased mortality.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review recent literature on the management of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) admitted to an ICU. RECENT FINDINGS SAP is a devastating disease associated with a high morbidity and mortality. Recent evidence advocates adequate risk assessment and severity prediction (including intra-abdominal pressure monitoring), tailored fluid administration favoring balanced crystalloids, withholding prophylactic antibiotic therapy, and early detection and treatment of extra-pancreatic and fungal infections. Urgent (within 24-48 h after diagnosis) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is indicated when persistent biliary obstruction or cholangitis are present. Corticosteroid therapy (mainly dexamethasone) can reduce the need for surgical interventions, length of hospital stay, and mortality. Peritoneal lavage may significantly lower morbidity and mortality. Hemofiltration may offer substantial benefit but more studies are needed to prove its efficacy. Enteral feeding using a polymeric formula and provided early through a nasogastric tube is recommended but has no survival benefit compared with parenteral nutrition. Probiotics could be beneficial, however no clear recommendations can be made. SUMMARY Management of SAP is multimodal with emphasis on monitoring, adequate fluid resuscitation, avoiding prophylactic use of antibiotics, cause-directed procedures or treatment, and organ support. There is a role for early enteral nutrition including probiotics.
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Zhai S, Huo Z, Ying X, Jin J, Wang Y, Lu X, Deng X. A Nomogram for Individual Prediction of Poor Prognosis After Radical Surgery in Patients with Primary Pancreatic Duct Adenocarcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e918882. [PMID: 32088726 PMCID: PMC7051101 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumor characterized by poor prognosis. TNM stage cannot always provide accurate prediction of prognosis, which is vital for individualized treatment. Therefore, a novel way to identify patients with poor prognosis after radical surgery is urgently needed. Material/Methods The nomogram was established based on a discovery cohort that included 554 patients with PDAC who had received radical surgery from 2012 to 2016. The clinicopathological data were collected. Poor prognosis was evaluated using 25 features, in which appropriate features for a prediction model were identified. A prediction model incorporating the selected features was established. The discriminative capacity was assessed by C-index, calibration by calibration plot, and clinical usefulness by decision curve. The bootstrapping approach was used to perform internal validation. Results Characteristics included in the nomogram were coronary artery disease and stroke history, elevated CA125, AJCC stage >II, R0 resection, operating time >6 h, poor differentiation, nerve invasion, length of stay >30 days, and postoperative complications. A C-index of 0.713 indicated good discrimination of the prediction model, and the calibration curve showed acceptable calibration. Survival analysis showed that this model had better discriminative capacity than the AJCC staging system and could distinguish relatively good prognosis from poor prognosis in patients at stage II (especially IIa) and IV. Conclusions Our study presents a valid and practical model to predict prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients, which contributes to individualized therapy by assisting surgeons to predict poor prognosis in patients who received radical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Zhen Huo
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiayang Ying
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jiabin Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiongxiong Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaxing Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Montravers P, Kantor E, Constantin JM, Lefrant JY, Lescot T, Nesseler N, Paugam C, Jabaudon M, Dupont H. Epidemiology and prognosis of anti-infective therapy in the ICU setting during acute pancreatitis: a cohort study. Crit Care 2019; 23:393. [PMID: 31805988 PMCID: PMC6896276 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-019-2681-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent international guidelines for acute pancreatitis (AP) recommend limiting anti-infective therapy (AIT) to cases of suspected necrotizing AP or nosocomial extrapancreatic infection. Limited data are available concerning empirical and documented AIT prescribing practices in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for the management of AP. METHODS Using a multicentre, retrospective (2009-2014), observational database of ICU patients admitted for AP, our primary objective was to assess the incidence of AIT prescribing practices during the first 30 days following admission. Secondary objectives were to assess the independent impact of centre characteristics on the incidence of AIT and to identify factors associated with crude hospital mortality in a logistic regression model. RESULTS In this cohort of 860 patients, 359 (42%) received AIT on admission. Before day 30, 340/359 (95%) AIT patients and 226/501 (45%) AIT-free patients on admission received additional AIT, mainly for intra-abdominal and lung infections. A large heterogeneity was observed between centres in terms of the incidence of infections, therapeutic management including AIT and prognosis. Administration of AIT on admission or until day 30 was not associated with an increased mortality rate. Patients receiving AIT on admission had increased rates of complications (septic shock, intra-abdominal and pulmonary infections), therapeutic (surgical, percutaneous, endoscopic) interventions and increased length of ICU stay compared to AIT-free patients. Patients receiving delayed AIT after admission and until day 30 had increased rates of complications (respiratory distress syndrome, intra-abdominal and pulmonary infections), therapeutic interventions and increased length of ICU stay compared to those receiving AIT on admission. Risk factors for hospital mortality assessed on admission were age (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.03 [1.02-1.05]; p < 0.0001), Balthazar score E (2.26 [1.43-3.56]; p < 0.0001), oliguria/anuria (2.18 [1.82-4.33]; p < 0.0001), vasoactive support (2.83 [1.73-4.62]; p < 0.0001) and mechanical ventilation (1.90 [1.15-3.14]; p = 0.011), but not AIT (0.63 [0.40-1.01]; p = 0.057). CONCLUSIONS High proportions of ICU patients admitted for AP receive AIT, both on admission and during their ICU stay. A large heterogeneity was observed between centres in terms of incidence of infections, AIT prescribing practices, therapeutic management and outcome. AIT reflects the initial severity and complications of AP, but is not a risk factor for death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Montravers
- Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, HUPNVS, APHP, 48 rue Henri Huchard, F-75018, Paris, France.
- Université de Paris, Paris, France.
- INSERM UMR 1152 - Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Elie Kantor
- Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, HUPNVS, APHP, 48 rue Henri Huchard, F-75018, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Constantin
- Département de Médecine Post-opératoire, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, GReD, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Yves Lefrant
- Division of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care, Pain and Emergency Medicine, Nîmes University Hospital, and EA 2992, Université Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Thomas Lescot
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Nesseler
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Pontchaillou, and Inserm U 991, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Catherine Paugam
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Jabaudon
- Département de Médecine Post-opératoire, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, GReD, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hervé Dupont
- Medical and Surgical ICU, Amiens University Hospital and INSERM U1088, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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