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Ouagajjou Y, Aghzar A, Presa P. Population Genetic Divergence among Worldwide Gene Pools of the Mediterranean Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3754. [PMID: 38136792 PMCID: PMC10740466 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis is distributed in both hemispheres either natively or introduced. The updated population genetic distribution of this species provides a useful knowledge against which future distribution shifts could be assessed. This study, performed with seven microsatellite markers and three reference species (M. edulis, M. chilensis and M. trossulus), aimed to determine the scenario of genetic divergence between 15 samples of M. galloprovincialis from 10 localities in Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, North America and South America. In agreement with previous data, M. trossulus was the most divergent taxon of the genus, but M. chilensis appeared as an intermediate taxon between M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis, though closer to this latter. M. galloprovincialis from the Atlantic Northeast appears as the most likely source of worldwide exotic settlements instead of the previously thought Mediterranean population. The successful worldwide establishment of M. galloprovincialis suggests it is a flexible evolutionary species (FES), i.e., a species or population whose genetic background allows it to rapidly adapt to changing environments. This natural endowed plastic adaptation makes it a candidate resilient species amidst the ongoing climatic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Ouagajjou
- Amsa Shellfish Research Station, National Institute of Fisheries Research, Tetouan 93000, Morocco;
| | - Adil Aghzar
- Research Team of Agriculture and Aquaculture Engineering (G2A), Polydisciplinary Faculty of Larache, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco;
| | - Pablo Presa
- Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources (ReXenMar), CIM—Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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2
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Hamilton JS, Piria M, Gavrilović A, Mrkonjić Fuka M, Svečnjak L, Nikolić S, Bakiu R, Gardner JPA. Limited population genetic variation but pronounced seascape genetic structuring in populations of the Mediterranean mussel ( Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the eastern Adriatic Sea. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9729. [PMID: 36713489 PMCID: PMC9873513 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Population genetic analysis of variation at five neutral microsatellite loci for Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from 18 sites along the eastern Adriatic Sea revealed little or no spatial variation. In contrast, seascape genetics analysis revealed a pronounced locus-specific gradient in allelic and genotypic frequencies across the study region. At a sixth locus, MGE7, the frequencies of two alleles, MGE7243 and MGE7249, were strongly associated, negatively and positively, respectively, with a single environmental variable - minimum salinity (minSAL). The frequency of the MGE7243/243 homozygous genotype was strongly negatively associated with minSAL, whereas the frequencies of the MGE7246/249 and the MGE7249/249 genotypes were strongly positively correlated with minSAL. Interpretation of these pronounced gradients is confounded by the fact that minSAL and another environmental variable, maximum sea surface temperature (maxSST), are highly correlated (R = -.911) and are therefore not necessarily acting independently. BLAST searches of the MGE7 locus against M. galloprovincialis whole genome shotgun sequence returned an alignment with contig mg10_S01094 (accession UYJE01010330.1) and 7 predicted M. galloprovincialis proteins VDI82194.1 - VDI82200.1. Conserved domain searches revealed a similar structure to the transcriptional regulator Msx2-interacting protein. The BLASTp search also returned significant alignments to Msx2-interacting proteins in Mytilus coruscus, Crassostrea virginica, and Haliotis rubra. The existence of the MGE7 gradient highlights the role that environmental variation may play in retarding gene flow among wild M. galloprovincialis populations, and also how the success of collection of young mussels (spat) from one site and their transfer to another site (the farm) may be influenced by a single factor such as minSAL or maxSST on a localized scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna S. Hamilton
- School of Biological SciencesVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Marina Piria
- Department of Fisheries, Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Wildlife Management and Special ZoologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia,Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of ŁódźŁódźPoland
| | - Ana Gavrilović
- Department of Fisheries, Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Wildlife Management and Special ZoologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Mirna Mrkonjić Fuka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Lidija Svečnjak
- Department of Fisheries, Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Wildlife Management and Special ZoologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Slađana Nikolić
- Institute of Marine BiologyUniversity of MontenegroKotorMontenegro
| | - Rigers Bakiu
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and EnvironmentAgricultural University of TiranaTiranaAlbania,Albanian Center for Environmental Protection and Sustainable DevelopmentTiranaAlbania
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3
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Abstract
The rediscovery of Mendel’s work showing that the heredity of phenotypes is controlled by discrete genes was followed by the reconciliation of Mendelian genetics with evolution by natural selection in the middle of the last century with the Modern Synthesis. In the past two decades, dramatic advances in genomic methods have facilitated the identification of the loci, genes, and even individual mutations that underlie phenotypic variants that are the putative targets of natural selection. Moreover, these methods have also changed how we can study adaptation by flipping the problem around, allowing us to first examine what loci show evidence of having been under selection, and then connecting these genetic variants to phenotypic variation. As a result, we now have an expanding list of actual genetic changes that underlie potentially adaptive phenotypic variation. Here, we synthesize how considering the effects of these adaptive loci in the context of cellular environments, genomes, organisms, and populations has provided new insights to the genetic architecture of adaptation.
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4
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Corrochano-Fraile A, Davie A, Carboni S, Bekaert M. Evidence of multiple genome duplication events in Mytilus evolution. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:340. [PMID: 35501689 PMCID: PMC9063065 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Molluscs remain one significantly under-represented taxa amongst available genomic resources, despite being the second-largest animal phylum and the recent advances in genomes sequencing technologies and genome assembly techniques. With the present work, we want to contribute to the growing efforts by filling this gap, presenting a new high-quality reference genome for Mytilus edulis and investigating the evolutionary history within the Mytilidae family, in relation to other species in the class Bivalvia. Results Here we present, for the first time, the discovery of multiple whole genome duplication events in the Mytilidae family and, more generally, in the class Bivalvia. In addition, the calculation of evolution rates for three species of the Mytilinae subfamily sheds new light onto the taxa evolution and highlights key orthologs of interest for the study of Mytilus species divergences. Conclusions The reference genome presented here will enable the correct identification of molecular markers for evolutionary, population genetics, and conservation studies. Mytilidae have the capability to become a model shellfish for climate change adaptation using genome-enabled systems biology and multi-disciplinary studies of interactions between abiotic stressors, pathogen attacks, and aquaculture practises. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08575-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Corrochano-Fraile
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Andrew Davie
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Stefano Carboni
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK. .,International Marine Centre, Loc. Sa Mardini snc, 09170, Torre Grande, OR, Italy.
| | - Michaël Bekaert
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
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5
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Le Luyer J, Monaco CJ, Milhade L, Reisser C, Soyez C, Raapoto H, Belliard C, Le Moullac G, Ky C, Pernet F. Gene expression plasticity, genetic variation and fatty acid remodelling in divergent populations of a tropical bivalve species. J Anim Ecol 2022; 91:1196-1208. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Le Luyer
- Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F‐98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française France
| | - C. J. Monaco
- Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F‐98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française France
| | - L. Milhade
- Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F‐98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française France
| | - C. Reisser
- Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F‐98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française France
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD Montpellier France
| | - C. Soyez
- Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F‐98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française France
| | - H. Raapoto
- Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F‐98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française France
| | - C. Belliard
- Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F‐98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française France
| | - G. Le Moullac
- Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F‐98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française France
| | - C.‐L. Ky
- Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F‐98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française France
- Ifremer, IHPE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia Montpellier France
| | - F. Pernet
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F‐29280 Plouzané France
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6
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Bomblies K. The quiet evolutionary response to cellular challenges. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2022; 109:189-192. [PMID: 35170018 PMCID: PMC9304244 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Bomblies
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, ETH ZürichSwitzerland
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7
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Weber AAT, Hugall AF, O’Hara TD. Convergent Evolution and Structural Adaptation to the Deep Ocean in the Protein-Folding Chaperonin CCTα. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 12:1929-1942. [PMID: 32780796 PMCID: PMC7643608 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The deep ocean is the largest biome on Earth and yet it is among the least studied environments of our planet. Life at great depths requires several specific adaptations; however, their molecular mechanisms remain understudied. We examined patterns of positive selection in 416 genes from four brittle star (Ophiuroidea) families displaying replicated events of deep-sea colonization (288 individuals from 216 species). We found consistent signatures of molecular convergence in functions related to protein biogenesis, including protein folding and translation. Five genes were recurrently positively selected, including chaperonin-containing TCP-1 subunit α (CCTα), which is essential for protein folding. Molecular convergence was detected at the functional and gene levels but not at the amino-acid level. Pressure-adapted proteins are expected to display higher stability to counteract the effects of denaturation. We thus examined in silico local protein stability of CCTα across the ophiuroid tree of life (967 individuals from 725 species) in a phylogenetically corrected context and found that deep-sea-adapted proteins display higher stability within and next to the substrate-binding region, which was confirmed by in silico global protein stability analyses. This suggests that CCTα displays not only structural but also functional adaptations to deep-water conditions. The CCT complex is involved in the folding of ∼10% of newly synthesized proteins and has previously been categorized as a "cold-shock" protein in numerous eukaryotes. We thus propose that adaptation mechanisms to cold and deep-sea environments may be linked and highlight that efficient protein biogenesis, including protein folding and translation, is a key metabolic deep-sea adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A -T Weber
- Sciences, Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre de Bretagne, REM/EEP, Ifremer, Laboratoire Environnement Profond, Plouzané, France
- Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Switzerland
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8
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Chao YC, Merritt M, Schaefferkoetter D, Evans TG. High-throughput quantification of protein structural change reveals potential mechanisms of temperature adaptation in Mytilus mussels. BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:28. [PMID: 32054457 PMCID: PMC7020559 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-1593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Temperature exerts a strong influence on protein evolution: species living in thermally distinct environments often exhibit adaptive differences in protein structure and function. However, previous research on protein temperature adaptation has focused on small numbers of proteins and on proteins adapted to extreme temperatures. Consequently, less is known about the types and quantity of evolutionary change that occurs to proteins when organisms adapt to small shifts in environmental temperature. In this study, these uncertainties were addressed by developing software that enabled comparison of structural changes associated with temperature adaptation (hydrogen bonding, salt bridge formation, and amino acid use) among large numbers of proteins from warm- and cold-adapted species of marine mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis and Mytilus trossulus, respectively. Results Small differences in habitat temperature that characterize the evolutionary history of Mytilus mussels were sufficient to cause protein structural changes consistent with temperature adaptation. Hydrogen bonds and salt bridges that increase stability and protect against heat-induced denaturation were more abundant in proteins from warm-adapted M. galloprovincialis compared with proteins from cold-adapted M. trossulus. These structural changes were related to deviations in the use of polar and charged amino acids that facilitate formation of hydrogen bonds and salt bridges within proteins, respectively. Enzymes, in particular those within antioxidant and cell death pathways, were over-represented among proteins with the most hydrogen bonds and salt bridges in warm-adapted M. galloprovincialis. Unlike extremophile proteins, temperature adaptation in Mytilus proteins did not involve substantial changes in the number of hydrophobic or large volume amino acids, nor in the content of glycine or proline. Conclusions Small shifts in organism temperature tolerance, such as that needed to cope with climate warming, may result from structural and functional changes to a small percentage of the proteome. Proteins in which function is dependent on large conformational change, notably enzymes, may be particularly sensitive to temperature perturbation and represent foci for natural selection. Protein temperature adaptation can occur through different types and frequencies of structural change, and adaptive mechanisms used to cope with small shifts in habitat temperature appear different from mechanisms used to retain protein function at temperature extremes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chen Chao
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University East Bay, Hayward, CA, 94542, USA
| | - Melanie Merritt
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University East Bay, Hayward, CA, 94542, USA
| | - Devin Schaefferkoetter
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University East Bay, Hayward, CA, 94542, USA
| | - Tyler G Evans
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University East Bay, Hayward, CA, 94542, USA.
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9
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Collins CL, Burnett NP, Ramsey MJ, Wagner K, Zippay ML. Physiological responses to heat stress in an invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis depend on tidal habitat. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 154:104849. [PMID: 32056704 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mussels are ecologically important organisms that can survive in subtidal and intertidal zones where they experience thermal stress. We know little about how mussels from different tidal habitats respond to thermal stress. We used the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis from separate subtidal and intertidal populations to test whether heart rate and indicators of potential aerobic (citrate synthase activity) and anaerobic (cytosolic malate dehydrogenase activity) metabolic capacity are affected by increased temperatures while exposed to air or submerged in water. Subtidal mussels were affected by warming when submerged in water (decreased heart rate) but showed no effect in air. In contrast, intertidal mussels were affected by exposure to air (increased anaerobic capacity) but not by warming. Overall, physiological responses of mussels to thermal stress were dependent on their tidal habitat. These results highlight the importance of considering the natural habitat of mussels when assessing their responses to environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Collins
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA
| | - Nicholas P Burnett
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Matthew J Ramsey
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Wagner
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA
| | - Mackenzie L Zippay
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA.
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10
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Popovic I, Riginos C. Comparative genomics reveals divergent thermal selection in warm‐ and cold‐tolerant marine mussels. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:519-535. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Popovic
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland St Lucia Qld Australia
| | - Cynthia Riginos
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland St Lucia Qld Australia
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11
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Zbawicka M, Gardner JPA, Wenne R. Cryptic diversity in smooth-shelled mussels on Southern Ocean islands: connectivity, hybridisation and a marine invasion. Front Zool 2019; 16:32. [PMID: 31406494 PMCID: PMC6685288 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-019-0332-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Large numbers of endemic species inhabit subantarctic continental coasts and islands that are characterised by highly variable environmental conditions. Southern hemisphere populations of taxa that are morphologically similar to northern counterparts have traditionally been considered to be extensions of such Northern hemisphere taxa, and may not exhibit differentiation amongst geographically isolated populations in the Southern Ocean. Smooth-shelled blue mussels of the genus Mytilus that exhibit an anti-tropical distribution are a model group to study phylogeography, speciation and hybridisation in the sea, and contribute to the theory and practice of marine biosecurity. Methods We used a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) panel that has the ability to accurately identify reference Northern and Southern hemisphere Mytilus taxa to test for evolutionary differentiation amongst native Southern Ocean island populations. Results Native mussels from the Falkland Islands and the Kerguelen Islands exhibited greatest affinity to native M. platensis d’Orbigny 1846 from the Atlantic coast of South America. The major Southern Ocean current flow from west to east is likely to explain the spreading of M. platensis to remote offshore islands, as adults via the process of rafting or perhaps directly as larvae. SNPs variation revealed that mussels from Tasmania were native and clearly differentiated from all other blue mussel groups in the Southern and Northern hemispheres. The native mussels M. planulatus from Tasmania and from mainland New Zealand (NZ), and tentatively M. aoteanus from the two NZ Southern Ocean offshore island groups (the Auckland Islands and Campbell Island), formed a distinct M. galloprovincialis–like Southern hemisphere group with closest affinity to Northern hemisphere M. galloprovincialis from the Mediterranean Sea. In all cases, the SNPs revealed evidence of hybridisation between two or more distinct taxa. The invasive Northern hemisphere M. galloprovincialis was identified only in Tasmania, amongst native mussels of a distinct Australian M. planulatus lineage. Conclusion Overall, our results reveal that Southern hemisphere island mussels have mixed genome ancestry and are native, not introduced by human activities. The preservation of distinct evolutionary lineages of Southern hemisphere species needs to be an ongoing focus of conservation efforts, given that population sizes on some of the remote offshore oceanic islands will be small and may be more easily adversely affected by invasion and subsequent hybridisation and introgression than larger populations elsewhere. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12983-019-0332-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Zbawicka
- 1Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Jonathan P A Gardner
- 2School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P O Box 600, Wellington, 6140 New Zealand
| | - Roman Wenne
- 1Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
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12
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Figueras A, Moreira R, Sendra M, Novoa B. Genomics and immunity of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in a changing environment. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:440-445. [PMID: 31048040 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) is a marine invasive species cultured all over the world. Mussels are an appreciated resource in local aquaculture enterprises because of their robust production and resilience that translates into a reliable economic value. So far, no massive mortalities have been reported in natural or cultured populations of this species. In the last years, the knowledge about its immune system has greatly improved but there are still many questions to be answered. One of them is why mussels, with their high filtering activity, are able to be exposed to a high number of potential pathogens without getting infected and without developing an elevated inflammatory response. The sequencing of the mussel genome has revealed a very complex organization with high heterozygosity, abundance of repetitive sequences and extreme intraspecific sequence diversity among individuals, mainly in immune related genes. Among those genes, antimicrobial peptides are the most expressed gene families in mussels, highly polymorphic and with antimicrobial effect against molluscs pathogens, but also against pathogens of lower vertebrates and humans. The combination of a complex genome with the adaptation of mussel immune system to a changing environment could explain this high variability, not only in immune-related genes, but also in the functional response among individuals sampled in the same location and date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Moreira
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta Sendra
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
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13
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Fujii Y, Gerdol M, Hasan I, Koide Y, Matsuzaki R, Ikeda M, Rajia S, Ogawa Y, Kawsar SMA, Ozeki Y. Phylogeny and Properties of a Novel Lectin Family with β-Trefoil Folding in Mussels. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2018. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1717.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
| | - Imtiaj Hasan
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi
| | - Yasuhiro Koide
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Risa Matsuzaki
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Mayu Ikeda
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Sultana Rajia
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Varendra University
| | - Yukiko Ogawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
| | - S. M. Abe Kawsar
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong
| | - Yasuhiro Ozeki
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
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14
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Romero MR, Pérez-Figueroa A, Carrera M, Swanson WJ, Skibinski DOF, Diz AP. RNA-seq coupled to proteomic analysis reveals high sperm proteome variation between two closely related marine mussel species. J Proteomics 2018; 192:169-187. [PMID: 30189323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Speciation mechanisms in marine organisms have attracted great interest because of the apparent lack of substantial barriers to genetic exchange in marine ecosystems. Marine mussels of the Mytilus edulis species complex provide a good model to study mechanisms underlying species formation. They hybridise extensively at many localities and both pre- and postzygotic isolating mechanisms may be operating. Mussels have external fertilisation and sperm cells should show specific adaptations for survival and successful fertilisation. Sperm thus represent key targets in investigations of the molecular mechanisms underlying reproductive isolation. We undertook a deep transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of mature male gonads and a 2DE/MS-based proteome analysis of sperm from Mytilus edulis and M. galloprovincialis raised in a common environment. We provide evidence of extensive expression differences between the two mussel species, and general agreement between the transcriptomic and proteomic results in the direction of expression differences between species. Differential expression is marked for mitochondrial genes and for those involved in spermatogenesis, sperm motility, sperm-egg interactions, the acrosome reaction, sperm capacitation, ATP reserves and ROS production. Proteins and their corresponding genes might thus be good targets in further genomic analysis of reproductive barriers between these closely related species. SIGNIFICANCE: Model systems for the study of fertilization include marine invertebrates with external fertilisation, such as abalones, sea urchins and mussels, because of the ease with which large quantities of gametes released into seawater can be collected after induced spawning. Unlike abalones and sea urchins, hybridisation has been reported between mussels of different Mytilus spp., which thus makes them very appealing for the study of reproductive isolation at both pre- and postzygotic levels. There is a lack of empirical proteomic studies on sperm samples comparing different Mytilus species, which could help to advance this study. A comparative analysis of sperm proteomes across different taxa may provide important insights into the fundamental molecular processes and mechanisms involved in reproductive isolation. It might also contribute to a better understanding of sperm function and of the adaptive evolution of sperm proteins in different taxa. There is now growing evidence from genomics studies that multiple protein complexes and many individual proteins might have important functions in sperm biology and the fertilisation process. From an applied perspective, the identification of sperm-specific proteins could also contribute to the improved understanding of fertility problems and as targets for fertility control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica R Romero
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; Marine Research Centre, University of Vigo (CIM-UVIGO), Isla de Toralla, Vigo, Spain
| | - Andrés Pérez-Figueroa
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Willie J Swanson
- Department of Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - David O F Skibinski
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Angel P Diz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; Marine Research Centre, University of Vigo (CIM-UVIGO), Isla de Toralla, Vigo, Spain.
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