1
|
Lin CH, Chin Y, Zhou M, Sobol RW, Hung MC, Tan M. Protein lipoylation: mitochondria, cuproptosis, and beyond. Trends Biochem Sci 2024; 49:729-744. [PMID: 38714376 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Protein lipoylation, a crucial post-translational modification (PTM), plays a pivotal role in mitochondrial function and emerges as a key player in cell death through cuproptosis. This novel copper-driven cell death pathway is activated by excessive copper ions binding to lipoylated mitochondrial proteins, disrupting energy production and causing lethal protein aggregation and cell death. The intricate relationship among protein lipoylation, cellular energy metabolism, and cuproptosis offers a promising avenue for regulating essential cellular functions. This review focuses on the mechanisms of lipoylation and its significant impact on cell metabolism and cuproptosis, emphasizing the key genes involved and their implications for human diseases. It offers valuable insights into targeting dysregulated cellular metabolism for therapeutic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Han Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yeh Chin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Robert W Sobol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School and Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming Tan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Povea-Cabello S, Brischigliaro M, Fernández-Vizarra E. Emerging mechanisms in the redox regulation of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase assembly and function. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:873-885. [PMID: 38526156 DOI: 10.1042/bst20231183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, mitochondria perform cellular respiration through a series of redox reactions ultimately reducing molecular oxygen to water. The system responsible for this process is the respiratory chain or electron transport system (ETS) composed of complexes I-IV. Due to its function, the ETS is the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), generating them on both sides of the mitochondrial inner membrane, i.e. the intermembrane space (IMS) and the matrix. A correct balance between ROS generation and scavenging is important for keeping the cellular redox homeostasis and other important aspects of cellular physiology. However, ROS generated in the mitochondria are important signaling molecules regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and function. The IMS contains a large number of redox sensing proteins, containing specific Cys-rich domains, that are involved in ETS complex biogenesis. The large majority of these proteins function as cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly factors, mainly for the handling of copper ions necessary for the formation of the redox reactive catalytic centers. A particular case of ROS-regulated COX assembly factor is COA8, whose intramitochondrial levels are increased by oxidative stress, promoting COX assembly and/or protecting the enzyme from oxidative damage. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge concerning the role played by ROS in regulating mitochondrial activity and biogenesis, focusing on the COX enzyme and with a special emphasis on the functional role exerted by the redox sensitive Cys residues contained in the COX assembly factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suleva Povea-Cabello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Brischigliaro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Erika Fernández-Vizarra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Caron-Godon CA, Collington E, Wolf JL, Coletta G, Glerum DM. More than Just Bread and Wine: Using Yeast to Understand Inherited Cytochrome Oxidase Deficiencies in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3814. [PMID: 38612624 PMCID: PMC11011759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited defects in cytochrome c oxidase (COX) are associated with a substantial subset of diseases adversely affecting the structure and function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This multi-subunit enzyme consists of 14 subunits and numerous cofactors, and it requires the function of some 30 proteins to assemble. COX assembly was first shown to be the primary defect in the majority of COX deficiencies 36 years ago. Over the last three decades, most COX assembly genes have been identified in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and studies in yeast have proven instrumental in testing the impact of mutations identified in patients with a specific COX deficiency. The advent of accessible genome-wide sequencing capabilities has led to more patient mutations being identified, with the subsequent identification of several new COX assembly factors. However, the lack of genotype-phenotype correlations and the large number of genes involved in generating a functional COX mean that functional studies must be undertaken to assign a genetic variant as being causal. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the use of yeast as a model system and briefly compare the COX assembly process in yeast and humans. We focus primarily on the studies in yeast that have allowed us to both identify new COX assembly factors and to demonstrate the pathogenicity of a subset of the mutations that have been identified in patients with inherited defects in COX. We conclude with an overview of the areas in which studies in yeast are likely to continue to contribute to progress in understanding disease arising from inherited COX deficiencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenelle A. Caron-Godon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Emma Collington
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Jessica L. Wolf
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Genna Coletta
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
| | - D. Moira Glerum
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao S, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang J, Bai W, Jiang B. COX19 Is a New Target of MACC1 and Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Regulating Copper Transport in Mitochondria. J Nutr 2024; 154:381-394. [PMID: 38141772 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that copper (Cu) plays an important role in the progression of tumor diseases. Metastasis associated with colon cancer protein 1 (MACC1) promotes the transcription and expression of various tumor-related genes. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) 19, present in the cytoplasm and intermembrane space of mitochondria, may transport Cu within the mitochondria. However, the mechanism through which MACC1 regulates the Cu homeostasis mediated by COX19 remains unclear. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism through which MACC1 initiates the transcription and expression of COX19, and promotes malignant behavior in tumor cells. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses were conducted to analyze the expression of MACC1 and COX19 proteins and genes in tumor and normal tissues. RNA-chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to detect the transcriptional initiation of COX19 by MACC1. The effects of MACC1 and COX19 on mitochondrial activity were determined using an ATP assay kit and Cytochrome c Oxidase Assay Kit. A Cell Counting Kit-8 kit was used to detect the effect of high-dose Cu or overexpression of MACC1 and COX19 on tumor cell proliferation. A xenograft mouse model was used to analyze the effect of the COX19 overexpression on the malignant behavior of the tumors. RESULTS Cu enhanced the proliferation, invasion, and migration and inhibited apoptosis of SW480 cells. MACC1 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues and activated the expression of COX19 by binding to its promoter region of COX19. The overexpression of COX19 increased mitochondrial Cu content and enhanced the activity of mitochondrial COX and ATP content, and inhibited apoptosis, promoted tumor growth of mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that COX19 functions as a target gene of MACC1 and regulates mitochondrial activity and promotes the progression of colorectal cancer. MACC1/COX19 may provide a novel therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Gao
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, P.R. China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Medical Department, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, P.R. China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Bethune Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030000, P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Bai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, P.R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang Y, Li M, Chen G, Liu S, Guo H, Dong X, Wang K, Geng H, Jiang J, Li X. Dissecting copper biology and cancer treatment: ‘Activating Cuproptosis or suppressing Cuproplasia’. Coord Chem Rev 2023; 495:215395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
|
6
|
Wang W, Mo W, Hang Z, Huang Y, Yi H, Sun Z, Lei A. Cuproptosis: Harnessing Transition Metal for Cancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19581-19599. [PMID: 37820312 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal elements, such as copper, play diverse and pivotal roles in oncology. They act as constituents of metalloenzymes involved in cellular metabolism, function as signaling molecules to regulate the proliferation and metastasis of tumors, and are integral components of metal-based anticancer drugs. Notably, recent research reveals that excessive copper can also modulate the occurrence of programmed cell death (PCD), known as cuprotosis, in cancer cells. This modulation occurs through the disruption of tumor cell metabolism and the induction of proteotoxic stress. This discovery uncovers a mode of interaction between transition metals and proteins, emphasizing the intricate link between copper homeostasis and tumor metabolism. Moreover, they provide innovative therapeutic strategies for the precise diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. At the crossroads of chemistry and oncology, we undertake a comprehensive review of copper homeostasis in tumors, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning cuproptosis. Additionally, we summarize current nanotherapeutic approaches that target cuproptosis and provide an overview of the available laboratory and clinical methods for monitoring this process. In the context of emerging concepts, challenges, and opportunities, we emphasize the significant potential of nanotechnology in the advancement of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zishan Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yueying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Garza NM, Swaminathan AB, Maremanda KP, Zulkifli M, Gohil VM. Mitochondrial copper in human genetic disorders. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:21-33. [PMID: 36435678 PMCID: PMC9780195 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient that serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in diverse physiological processes, including mitochondrial energy generation. Copper enters cells through a dedicated copper transporter and is distributed to intracellular cuproenzymes by copper chaperones. Mitochondria are critical copper-utilizing organelles that harbor an essential cuproenzyme cytochrome c oxidase, which powers energy production. Mutations in copper transporters and chaperones that perturb mitochondrial copper homeostasis result in fatal genetic disorders. Recent studies have uncovered the therapeutic potential of elesclomol, a copper ionophore, for the treatment of copper deficiency disorders such as Menkes disease. Here we review the role of copper in mitochondrial energy metabolism in the context of human diseases and highlight the recent developments in copper therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Garza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Abhinav B Swaminathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Krishna P Maremanda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mohammad Zulkifli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| |
Collapse
|