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Takeda S, Fukuzaki T. Development of the Workplace Interpersonal Problems Scale for Care Workers (WIPS) and examination of its reliability and validity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20156. [PMID: 37809750 PMCID: PMC10559914 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The turnover rate of care workers has remained high by global standards, with previous studies showing an association between workplace interpersonal relations and care worker turnover and turnover intentions. This study details the development of the Workplace Interpersonal Problems Scale for Care Workers (WIPS) and examines its reliability and validity according to the COSMIN guidelines. Methods A total of 476 care workers employed by elder care facilities participated in the study. This study examined the reliability and validity of the WIPS after its development. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's α, test reliability with the standard error of measurement, and test-retest reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient. Content validity, construct validity, and structural validity were examined to evaluate validity. Results Both total and subscale scores of the WIPS had a Cronbach's α coefficient >0.75 and high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.75). Content validity analysis showed the item-content validity index of ≥0.90 for all WIPS items, confirming 100% of the hypotheses for testing construct validity. Confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable fit for the hypothesized six-factor construct (CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.05). Conclusions The WIPS was found to be a valid and reliable instrument. With the growth of the elderly population worldwide, we believe that the WIPS will be a useful quantitative measure to assess workplace interpersonal problems affecting care workers in various aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Takeda
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Toshiki Fukuzaki
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
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Lindmark T, Engström M, Trygged S. Psychosocial Work Environment and Well-Being of Direct-Care Staff Under Different Nursing Home Ownership Types: A Systematic Review. J Appl Gerontol 2023; 42:347-359. [PMID: 36214292 PMCID: PMC9841825 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221131468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review investigated the psychosocial work environment and well-being of direct-care staff under different nursing home ownership types. Databases searched: Scopus, Web of Science, Cinahl, and PubMed, 1990-2020. Inclusion criteria: quantitative or mixed-method studies; population: direct-care staff in nursing homes; exposure: for-profit and non-profit ownership; and outcomes: psychosocial work environment and well-being. In total, 3896 articles were screened and 17(n = 12,843 participants) were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools and included in the narrative synthesis. The results were inconsistent, but findings favored non-profit over for-profit settings, for example, regarding leaving intentions, organizational commitment, and stress-related outcomes. There were no clear differences concerning job satisfaction. Job demands were higher in non-profit nursing homes but alleviated by better job resources in one study. The result highlights work environment issues, with regulations concerning for-profit incentives being discussed in terms of staff benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Lindmark
- Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden,Tomas Lindmark, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social work, University of Gävle, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, Gävle 801 76, Sweden.
| | - Maria Engström
- Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Sven Trygged
- Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
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3
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Gassas R, Salem O. Nurses’ professional values and organizational commitment. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 18:19-25. [PMID: 36398009 PMCID: PMC9643521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Both professional values and organizational commitment are strongly affected by variations among individuals. Identifying personal differences and their effects on professional values and organizational commitment is crucial for every hospital setting. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine how differences in demographic characteristics are reflected in professional values and organizational commitment among nurses. Methods The study used a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design. Nursing professional values and organizational commitment scales were used to collect the data. The sample consisted of 412 staff nurses recruited through a convenience sampling technique. Results Nurses' professional values differed according to demographic factors such as experience, department, career choice and having taken an ethics course, whereas no differences associated with education or gender were observed. Nurses’ levels of commitment differed according to their experience, their religion and whether they had taken an ethics course. Conclusion Deeper knowledge regarding the factors affecting nurses’ values and commitment may contribute to redesigning clinical ethics education for nurses and the development of non-traditional retention plans.
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Gilster SD, Langhout KJ, Dalessandro JL. Staff Stability Through Service: Promoting a Person-Centered Culture for Work and Care in Long-Term Services and Supports Environments. J Gerontol Nurs 2021; 47:6-10. [PMID: 34704868 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20211012-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nursing homes have struggled for years to secure and retain staff. Turnover of all staff, from administrators to direct care providers, continues to plague the industry. Although improvements in compensation, benefits, and opportunities for promotion may enhance retention, organizational culture may also play a major role. The current article discusses the SERVICE Model of Leadership©, which can improve the culture and promote staff retention through the establishment of systems and programs that meet the reported needs and desires of all staffing levels in nursing homes and other organizations providing long-term services and supports. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47(11), 6-10.].
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Kilaberia TR. Organizational commitment among residential care workers. J Aging Stud 2020; 55:100894. [PMID: 33272454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2020.100894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The growth of the older adult population and documented demand of health, allied health, and social care professionals contrast starkly with the reality that the eldercare field, including care organizations, struggle to attract and retain committed workers. Extant studies evaluate organizational capacity to engender commitment by examining various job and workplace factors. Drawing on 44 interviews, observations of 62 meetings, and a 5-year immersion, this organizational ethnography looks at commitment factors at a large, urban, faith-based residential senior care organization. Commitment factors are delineated on three levels such as daily tensions and rewards, value-based tensions and rewards, deal breakers and clinchers. Identity-based factors such as affective bonds with older persons and sharing in faith values sustain commitment on the person level whereas interprofessional tensions may detract from commitment. This study extends the knowledge base by incorporating perspectives of care workers such as social workers, chaplains, rehabilitation, recreational, diet and environmental services workers in addition to the more commonly examined groups such as nurses and certified nursing assistants, and in a setting that includes Assisted Living in addition to long-term care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina R Kilaberia
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California - Davis Health, 2450 48th St, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States of America.
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Mosteiro-Díaz MP, Baldonedo-Mosteiro M, Borges E, Baptista P, Queirós C, Sánchez-Zaballos M, Felli V, Abreu M, Silva F, Franco-Correia S. Presenteeism in nurses: comparative study of Spanish, Portuguese and Brazilian nurses. Int Nurs Rev 2020; 67:466-475. [PMID: 32844446 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare presenteeism levels among three samples of nurses and to identify the relationship between presenteeism and sociodemographic and professional characteristics. BACKGROUND Presenteeism (going to work ill) is a phenomenon studied from different perspectives, and it has become especially important during the current COVID-19 outbreak; its connection to high healthcare costs, patient safety breaches and negative nurse well-being has been proved. INTRODUCTION The nursing profession is particularly associated with caring for the culture of teamwork, loyalty to colleagues and professional identity. This condition enhances the 'super nurse phenomenon', even though nurses do not feel physically and psychologically able to work. METHODS A multicentre, cross-sectional study was conducted in three different country contexts: Oviedo (Spain), Porto (Portugal) and São Paulo (Brazil). Nurses performing functions in hospitals and primary health care were enrolled. Informed consent and data collection questionnaires were hand delivered. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 was applied. RESULTS A total of 659 nurses participated. Portuguese nurses showed greater prevalence of presenteeism, followed by Brazilian and Spanish nurses. Younger nurses with less professional experience presented lower levels of presenteeism but greater psychological commitment. Male participants showed lower capacity to complete work when ill than female participants. CONCLUSIONS Age and length of professional experience proved to be significant predictors of total presenteeism, although only professional experience revealed statistical significance in the adjusted model. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY The knowledge of this phenomenon among nurses highlights the need for the development of strategies in the curriculum of nursing students and organizations. Resilience and ergonomic training should be applied in the training programmes of the students and reinforced by the health centre managers. It is essential that healthcare systems design worksite wellness programmes that pursue greater physical and mental well-being for healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cristina Queirós
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Sánchez-Zaballos
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Nursing Area, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Vanda Felli
- Nursing School of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio Silva
- Hospital Universitario, HU, USP of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sara Franco-Correia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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Xi X, Lu Q, Lu M, Xu A, Hu H, Ung COL. Evaluation of the association between presenteeism and perceived availability of social support among hospital doctors in Zhejiang, China. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:609. [PMID: 32616033 PMCID: PMC7331165 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the association between presenteeism and the perceived availability of social support among hospital doctors in China. Methods A questionnaire was administered by doctors randomly selected from 13 hospital in Hangzhou China using stratified sampling. Logit model was used for data analysis. Results The overall response rate was 88.16%. Among hospital doctors, for each unit increase of the perceived availability of social support, the prevalence of presenteeism was decreased by 8.3% (OR = 0.91, P = 0.000). In particular, if the doctors perceived availability of appraisal support, belonging support and tangible support as sufficient, the act of presenteeism was reduced by 20.2% (OR = 0.806, P = 0.000) 20.4% (OR = 0.803, P = 0.000) and 21.0% (OR = 0.799, P = 0.000) respectively with statistical differences. Conclusion In China, appraisal support, belonging support and tangible support, compared to other social support, had a stronger negative correlation with presenteeism among hospital doctors. The benefits of social support in alleviating doctors’ presenteeism warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xi
- The Research Center of National Drug Policy& Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianni Lu
- The Research Center of National Drug Policy& Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqing Lu
- The Research Center of National Drug Policy& Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ailin Xu
- The Research Center of National Drug Policy& Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Carolina Oi Lam Ung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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Tompkins CJ, Ihara ES, Inoue M, Ferenz J, Pham S. A web-based training program for direct care workers in long-term care communities: Providing knowledge and skills to implement a music and memory intervention. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2020; 41:367-379. [PMID: 31797750 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2019.1699074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As dementia increases and the availability of at-home caregivers decreases, the need grows for effective training for direct care workers. Direct care workers have demanding schedules with restrictive availability and lack professional incentives to pursue specialized training. This study explored the impact of the Mason Music & Memory Initiative (M3I), a web-based, micro-learning training for direct care workers, combined with the implementation of the Music & Memory intervention. The training provided a foundational understanding of dementia and the person-centered music intervention. Twenty-five direct care workers, across two long-term care communities, completed the training modules over four weeks. All participants completed a pre- and posttest, determining their knowledge and understanding of dementia and the Music & Memory intervention adopted by their facilities. Many workers found the training to be informative and inspiring, noting improved behaviors in residents during the implementation of the M3I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J Tompkins
- College of Health and Human Services, Department of Social Work, George Mason University , Fairfax,Virginia, USA
| | - Emily S Ihara
- College of Health and Human Services, Department of Social Work, George Mason University , Fairfax,Virginia, USA
| | - Megumi Inoue
- College of Health and Human Services, Department of Social Work, George Mason University , Fairfax,Virginia, USA
| | - Jennifer Ferenz
- College of Health and Human Services, Department of Social Work, George Mason University , Fairfax,Virginia, USA
| | - Shawn Pham
- College of Health and Human Services, Department of Social Work, George Mason University , Fairfax,Virginia, USA
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Huang CY, Weng RH, Wu TC, Hsu CT, Hung CH, Tsai YC. The impact of person-centred care on job productivity, job satisfaction and organisational commitment among employees in long-term care facilities. J Clin Nurs 2020; 29:2967-2978. [PMID: 32453484 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the effects of person-centred care on their job productivity, job satisfaction and organisational commitment among employees in long-term care facilities. BACKGROUND Person-centred care has been regarded as the best caregiving model for long-term care facilities. Few studies tested the impact of person-centred care on employee performance. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was employed. METHODS This study sent 373 samples with self-report questionnaires to the employees of sixteen long-term care facilities in Taiwan. A total of 366 valid samples were collected. A 33-item person-centred care questionnaire with Likert-scale responses was developed to assess the extent of person-centred care. We adopted hierarchical multiple regression analysis to test the impact of person-centred care on employee performance. We adopted the STROBE guidelines. RESULTS Friendly environment level and personalised care, respectively, scored the highest with a mean of 4.19 among five dimensions of person-centred care. Personalised care, residents' self-realisation and relationships, and organisational support had significant positive correlations with job productivity. Friendly environment level and organisational support had significant correlations with job satisfaction. Friendly environment level, residents' self-realisation and relationships, and organisational support had significant correlations with organisational commitment. CONCLUSION Person-centred care has beneficial impact on job satisfaction, job productivity and organisational commitment of employees in long-term care facilities. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Person-centred care appears to be a crucial factor of employee performance in long-term care facilities. The five-dimensional person-centred care questionnaire in this study can serve as an important management tool for improving the effectiveness of person-centred care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yuan Huang
- Department of Leisure, Recreation and Tourism Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Rhay-Hung Weng
- Department of Long-Term Care, National Quemoy University, Kinmen, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chin Wu
- Department of Long-Term Care, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tai Hsu
- Department of Nursing, Madou Sin-Lau Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Hsia Hung
- Department of Nursing, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Tsai
- Department of Long-Term Care, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Predictors of work engagement among Australian non-government drug and alcohol employees: Implications for policy and practice. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2020; 76:102638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.102638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Grødal K, Innstrand ST, Haugan G, André B. Affective organizational commitment among nursing home employees: A longitudinal study on the influence of a health-promoting work environment. Nurs Open 2019; 6:1414-1423. [PMID: 31660169 PMCID: PMC6805324 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether affective organizational commitment (AOC) among nursing home employees is enhanced by a health-promoting work environment, conceptualized as high levels of job resources, work-related sense of coherence (work-SOC) and low levels of job demands. DESIGN This study used a longitudinal design. Survey data were collected with a 1-year interval between 2015/2016-2016/2017 among nursing home employees in Norway. METHODS Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the longitudinal data (N = 166) and cross-sectional data from the first time point (N = 558). RESULTS The results supported that work-SOC was strongly and positively related to AOC. Job resources and job demands were positively and negatively related, respectively, to work-SOC but were not related to future AOC. The indirect effects of autonomy and supervisor support on AOC, via work-SOC, were significant. The indirect effects regarding social community at work, emotional demands and role conflict were unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Grødal
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health ScienceNTNU – Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- NTNU Center for Health Promotion ResearchTrondheimNorway
| | - Siw Tone Innstrand
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health ScienceNTNU – Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- NTNU Center for Health Promotion ResearchTrondheimNorway
| | - Gørill Haugan
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health ScienceNTNU – Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- NTNU Center for Health Promotion ResearchTrondheimNorway
| | - Beate André
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health ScienceNTNU – Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- NTNU Center for Health Promotion ResearchTrondheimNorway
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Baldonedo‐Mosteiro M, Sánchez‐Zaballos M, Rodríguez‐Díaz F, Herrero J, Mosteiro‐Díaz M. Adaptation and validation of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale‐6 in healthcare professionals. Int Nurs Rev 2019; 67:109-117. [DOI: 10.1111/inr.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Sánchez‐Zaballos
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Nursing Area University of Oviedo Asturias Spain
| | - F.J. Rodríguez‐Díaz
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OviedoAsturias Spain
| | - J. Herrero
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OviedoAsturias Spain
| | - M.P. Mosteiro‐Díaz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Nursing Area University of Oviedo Asturias Spain
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Xi X, Lu Q, Wo T, Pei P, Lin G, Hu H, Ung COL. Doctor's presenteeism and its relationship with anxiety and depression: a cross-sectional survey study in China. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028844. [PMID: 31366652 PMCID: PMC6677964 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impact of presenteeism on doctors' health, quality of patient care and overall performance of health institutions has been reported. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of presenteeism among doctors, the association between presenteeism and anxiety/depression, and aspects that can help alleviate presenteeism. DESIGN A cross-sectional anonymous survey study was conducted between 2017 and 2018. SETTING 30 hospitals in Hangzhou city, Zhejiang Province, China including 10 category 1 hospitals (20-99 beds), 10 category 2 hospitals (100-499 beds) and 10 category 3 hospitals (> 500 beds) which had the highest population coverage. PARTICIPANTS At least 3 doctors from each department in the studied hospitals participated. Each participant received a gift worth around US$5 at completion of the survey. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The prevalence of presenteeism and its relationship with anxiety or depression were evaluated as the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included the prevalence of abnormal cases of anxiety and depression. RESULTS The survey was completed by 1153/1309 hospital doctors (response rate 88.1%). Presenteeism was reported by 66.4% of participants. Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 68.8% and 72.3% of participants had abnormal cases of anxiety and depression, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that participants with abnormal cases of anxiety, borderline cases of depression or abnormal cases of depression were more likely to practice presenteeism (all p<0.05). Other significant work-related contributing factors included: time working at the current hospital, management duty, monthly salary and ease of replacement (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION Presenteeism was prevalent among doctors in China and the association of presenteeism with abnormal cases of anxiety or depression was significant. Considering the modifiable work-related contributing factors, appropriate measures at the healthcare institutions to support doctors' mental health, help them develop and reinforce management skills, and ensure appropriate manpower are important to alleviate presenteeism behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xi
- The Research Center of National Drug Policy and Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianni Lu
- The Research Center of National Drug Policy and Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Wo
- The Research Center of National Drug Policy and Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Pei
- The Research Center of National Drug Policy and Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guohua Lin
- The Research Center of National Drug Policy and Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Carolina Oi Lam Ung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
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14
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Lin WQ, Yuan LX, Kuang SY, Zhang XX, Lu CJ, Lin TT, Lin WY, Cen HH, Zhou Y, Wang PX. Work engagement as a mediator between organizational commitment and job satisfaction among community health-care workers in China: a cross-sectional study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2019; 25:666-674. [PMID: 31259609 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2019.1634821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore levels of organizational commitment, job satisfaction and work engagement among community health-care workers in China, and to examine spatial relationships of variables. Data were collected by Organizational Commitment Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale from 1404 community health-care workers in Guangzhou and Shenzhen cities. Structural equation model was used to analyze relationships among three variables. Medium levels of organizational commitment, job satisfaction and work engagement were found among community health-care workers. Organizational commitment was positively correlated to work engagement (r = 0.564) and job satisfaction (r = 0.550). The path analysis indicated that total effect (β = 0.598) of organizational commitment on job satisfaction (R 2 = 0.52) consisted of a direct effect (β = 0.264) and an indirect effect (β = 0.334), which was mediated positively by work engagement. Improvement in work engagement may lead to higher level of job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Quan Lin
- Department of Primary Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Guangzhou, China
| | - Le-Xin Yuan
- Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital , Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yuan Kuang
- Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital , Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Can-Jie Lu
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Ting Lin
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ying Lin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hui-Hong Cen
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Xi Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University , Kaifeng, China.,General Practice Center, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University , Foshan, China
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Berta W, Laporte A, Perreira T, Ginsburg L, Dass AR, Deber R, Baumann A, Cranley L, Bourgeault I, Lum J, Gamble B, Pilkington K, Haroun V, Neves P. Relationships between work outcomes, work attitudes and work environments of health support workers in Ontario long-term care and home and community care settings. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2018; 16:15. [PMID: 29566723 PMCID: PMC5863810 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-018-0277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our overarching study objective is to further our understanding of the work psychology of Health Support Workers (HSWs) in long-term care and home and community care settings in Ontario, Canada. Specifically, we seek novel insights about the relationships among aspects of these workers' work environments, their work attitudes, and work outcomes in the interests of informing the development of human resource programs to enhance elder care. METHODS We conducted a path analysis of data collected via a survey administered to a convenience sample of Ontario HSWs engaged in the delivery of elder care over July-August 2015. RESULTS HSWs' work outcomes, including intent to stay, organizational citizenship behaviors, and performance, are directly and significantly related to their work attitudes, including job satisfaction, work engagement, and affective organizational commitment. These in turn are related to how HSWs perceive their work environments including their quality of work life (QWL), their perceptions of supervisor support, and their perceptions of workplace safety. CONCLUSIONS HSWs' work environments are within the power of managers to modify. Our analysis suggests that QWL, perceptions of supervisor support, and perceptions of workplace safety present particularly promising means by which to influence HSWs' work attitudes and work outcomes. Furthermore, even modest changes to some aspects of the work environment stand to precipitate a cascade of positive effects on work outcomes through work attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Berta
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6 Canada
| | - Audrey Laporte
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6 Canada
- Canadian Centre for Health Economics, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6 Canada
| | - Tyrone Perreira
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6 Canada
| | - Liane Ginsburg
- School of Health Policy & Management, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - Adrian Rohit Dass
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6 Canada
- Canadian Centre for Health Economics, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6 Canada
| | - Raisa Deber
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6 Canada
| | - Andrea Baumann
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1 Canada
| | - Lisa Cranley
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Suite 130, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8 Canada
| | - Ivy Bourgeault
- Telfer School of Management, 55 Laurier Ave E., Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Janet Lum
- Department of Politics and Public Administration, Faculty of Arts, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3 Canada
| | - Brenda Gamble
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street, North Science Building, Oshawa, ON L1H 7K4 Canada
| | - Kathryn Pilkington
- Ontario Association of Non-Profit Homes & Services for Seniors, 7050 Weston Rd, Woodbridge, ON L4L 8G7 Canada
| | - Vinita Haroun
- Ontario Long Term Care Association, 425 University Avenue, Suite 500, Toronto, ON M5G 1T6 Canada
| | - Paula Neves
- Regional Geriatric Program of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5 Canada
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Gilster SD, Boltz M, Dalessandro JL. Long-Term Care Workforce Issues: Practice Principles for Quality Dementia Care. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2018; 58:S103-S113. [DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnx174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Gaudenz C, De Geest S, Schwendimann R, Zúñiga F. Factors Associated With Care Workers' Intention to Leave Employment in Nursing Homes: A Secondary Data Analysis of the Swiss Nursing Homes Human Resources Project. J Appl Gerontol 2017; 38:1537-1563. [PMID: 28715925 DOI: 10.1177/0733464817721111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging care personnel shortage in Swiss nursing homes is aggravated by high turnover rates. As intention to leave is a predictor of turnover, awareness of its associated factors is essential. This study applied a secondary data analysis to evaluate the prevalence and variability of 3,984 nursing home care workers' intention to leave. Work environment factors and care worker outcomes were tested via multiple regression analysis. Although 56% of care workers reported intention to leave, prevalences varied widely between facilities. Overall, intention to leave showed strong inverse relationships with supportive leadership and affective organizational commitment and weaker positive relationships with stress due to workload, emotional exhaustion, and care worker health problems. The strong direct relationship of nursing home care workers' intention to leave with affective organizational commitment and perceptions of leadership quality suggest that multilevel interventions to improve these factors might reduce intention to leave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clergia Gaudenz
- Bildungszentrum für Gesundheit und Soziales, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Sabina De Geest
- Universität Basel, Institut für Pflegewissenschaft, Switzerland
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18
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The feasibility of a train-the-trainer approach to end of life care training in care homes: an evaluation. BMC Palliat Care 2016; 15:11. [PMID: 26801232 PMCID: PMC4724146 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-016-0081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ABC End of Life Education Programme trained approximately 3000 care home staff in End of Life (EoL) care. An evaluation that compared this programme with the Gold Standards Framework found that it achieved equivalent outcomes at a lower cost with higher levels of staff satisfaction. To consolidate this learning, a facilitated peer education model that used the ABC materials was piloted. The goal was to create a critical mass of trained staff, mitigate the impact of staff turnover and embed EoL care training within the organisations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a train the trainer (TTT) model to support EoL care in care homes. Methods A mixed method design involved 18 care homes with and without on-site nursing across the East of England. Data collection included a review of care home residents’ characteristics and service use (n = 274), decedents’ notes n = 150), staff interviews (n = 49), focus groups (n = 3), audio diaries (n = 28) and observations of workshops (n = 3). Results Seventeen care homes participated. At the end of the TTT programme 28 trainers and 114 learners (56 % of the targeted number of learners) had been trained (median per home 6, range 0–13). Three care homes achieved or exceeded the set target of training 12 learners. Trainers ranged from senior care staff to support workers and administrative staff. Results showed a positive association between care home stability, in terms of leadership and staff turnover, and uptake of the programme. Care home ownership, type of care home, size of care home, previous training in EoL care and resident characteristics were not associated with programme completion. Working with facilitators was important to trainers, but insufficient to compensate for organisational turbulence. Variability of uptake was also linked to management support, programme fit with the trainers’ roles and responsibilities and their opportunities to work with staff on a daily basis. Conclusion When there is organisational stability, peer to peer approaches to skills training in end of life care can, with expert facilitation, cascade and sustain learning in care homes.
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Dhaini S, Zúñiga F, Ausserhofer D, Simon M, Kunz R, De Geest S, Schwendimann R. Absenteeism and Presenteeism among Care Workers in Swiss Nursing Homes and Their Association with Psychosocial Work Environment: A Multi-Site Cross-Sectional Study. Gerontology 2015; 62:386-95. [PMID: 26618789 DOI: 10.1159/000442088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worker productivity is central to the success of organizations such as healthcare institutions. However, both absenteeism and presenteeism impair that productivity. While various hospital studies have examined the prevalence of presenteeism and absenteeism and its associated factors among care workers, evidence from nursing home settings is scarce. OBJECTIVE To explore care workers' self-reported absenteeism and presenteeism in relation to nursing homes' psychosocial work environment factors. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study utilizing survey data of 3,176 professional care workers in 162 Swiss nursing homes collected between May 2012 and April 2013. A generalized estimating equation ordinal logistic regression model was used to explore associations between psychosocial work environment factors (leadership, staffing resources, work stressors, affective organizational commitment, collaboration with colleagues and supervisors, support from other personnel, job satisfaction, job autonomy) and self-reported absenteeism and presenteeism. RESULTS Absenteeism and presenteeism were observed in 15.6 and 32.9% of care workers, respectively. While absenteeism showed no relationship with the work environment, low presenteeism correlated with high leadership ratings (odds ratio [OR] 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.48) and adequate staffing resources (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.38). CONCLUSION Self-reported presenteeism is more common than absenteeism in Swiss nursing homes, and leadership and staffing resource adequacy are significantly associated with presenteeism, but not with absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Dhaini
- Institute of Nursing Science, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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