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Beyze A, Larroque C, Le Quintrec M. The role of antibody glycosylation in autoimmune and alloimmune kidney diseases. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024:10.1038/s41581-024-00850-0. [PMID: 38961307 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin glycosylation is a pivotal mechanism that drives the diversification of antibody functions. The composition of the IgG glycome is influenced by environmental factors, genetic traits and inflammatory contexts. Differential IgG glycosylation has been shown to intricately modulate IgG effector functions and has a role in the initiation and progression of various diseases. Analysis of IgG glycosylation is therefore a promising tool for predicting disease severity. Several autoimmune and alloimmune disorders, including critical and potentially life-threatening conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis and antibody-mediated kidney graft rejection, are driven by immunoglobulin. In certain IgG-driven kidney diseases, including primary membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis, particular glycome characteristics can enhance in situ complement activation and the recruitment of innate immune cells, resulting in more severe kidney damage. Hypofucosylation, hypogalactosylation and hyposialylation are the most common IgG glycosylation traits identified in these diseases. Modulating IgG glycosylation could therefore be a promising therapeutic strategy for regulating the immune mechanisms that underlie IgG-driven kidney diseases and potentially reduce the burden of immunosuppressive drugs in affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Beyze
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, IRMB U1183, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Christian Larroque
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, IRMB U1183, Montpellier, France
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Moglie Le Quintrec
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, IRMB U1183, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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Šoić D, Štambuk J, Tijardović M, Keser T, Lauc G, Bulum T, Lovrenčić MV, Rebrina SV, Tomić M, Novokmet M, Smirčić-Duvnjak L, Gornik O. Human complement component C3 N-glycome changes in type 1 diabetes complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1101154. [PMID: 37293493 PMCID: PMC10244649 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Changes in N-glycosylation have been described in numerous diseases and are being considered as biomarkers of ongoing pathological condition. Previous studies demonstrated the interrelation of N-glycosylation and type 1 diabetes (T1D), particularly linking serum N-glycan changes with complications accompanying the disease. Moreover, the role of complement component C3 in diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy has been implicated, and C3 N-glycome was found to be altered in young T1D patients. Therefore, we investigated associations between C3 N-glycan profiles and albuminuria and retinopathy accompanying T1D, as well as glycosylation connection with other known T1D complication risk factors. Research design and methods Complement component C3 N-glycosylation profiles have been analyzed from 189 serum samples of T1D patients (median age 46) recruited at a Croatian hospital centre. Using our recently developed high-throughput method, relative abundances of all six of the C3 glycopeptides have been determined. Assessment of C3 N-glycome interconnection with T1D complications, hypertension, smoking status, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), glycaemic control and duration of the disease was done using linear modelling. Results Significant changes of C3 N-glycome in severe albuminuria accompanying type 1 diabetes were observed, as well as in T1D subjects with hypertension. All except one of the C3 glycopeptides proved to be associated with measured HbA1c levels. One of the glycoforms was shown to be changed in non-proliferative T1D retinopathy. Smoking and eGFR showed no effect on C3 N-glycome. Furthermore, C3 N-glycosylation profile was shown to be independent of disease duration. Conclusion This study empowered the role of C3 N-glycosylation in T1D, showing value in distinguishing subjects with different diabetic complications. Being independent of the disease duration, these changes may be associated with the disease onset, making C3 N-glycome a potential novel marker of the disease progression and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinko Šoić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jerko Štambuk
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Tijardović
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Toma Keser
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Bulum
- Department of Endocrinology, University Clinic Vuk Vrhovac, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Vučić Lovrenčić
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Martina Tomić
- Department of Endocrinology, University Clinic Vuk Vrhovac, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Lea Smirčić-Duvnjak
- Department of Endocrinology, University Clinic Vuk Vrhovac, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Olga Gornik
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Plećaš D, Mraz N, Patanaude AM, Pribić T, Pavlinac Dodig I, Pecotić R, Lauc G, Polašek O, Đogaš Z. Not-So-Sweet Dreams: Plasma and IgG N-Glycome in the Severe Form of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Biomolecules 2023; 13:880. [PMID: 37371460 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disease associated with increased risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and shortened lifespan. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility of using N-glycome as a biomarker for the severe form of OSA. Seventy subjects who underwent a whole-night polysomnography/polygraphy and had apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) over 30 were compared to 23 controls (AHI under 5). Plasma samples were used to extract 39 glycan peaks using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and 27 IgG peaks using capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE). We also measured glycan age, a molecular proxy for biological aging. Three plasma and one IgG peaks were significant in a multivariate model controlling for the effects of age, sex, and body mass index. These included decreased GP24 (disialylated triantennary glycans as major structure) and GP28 (trigalactosylated, triantennary, disialylated, and trisialylated glycans), and increased GP32 (trisialylated triantennary glycan). Only one IgG glycan peak was significantly increased (P26), which contains biantennary digalactosylated glycans with core fucose. Patients with severe OSA exhibited accelerated biological aging, with a median of 6.9 years more than their chronological age (p < 0.001). Plasma N-glycome can be used as a biomarker for severe OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Plećaš
- Mediterranean Institute for Life Sciences, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nikol Mraz
- Genos Glycoscience Ltd., 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Tea Pribić
- Genos Glycoscience Ltd., 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Pavlinac Dodig
- Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sleep Medicine Center, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Renata Pecotić
- Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sleep Medicine Center, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Ltd., 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of General Courses, Algebra University, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Đogaš
- Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sleep Medicine Center, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Nemčić M, Tijardović M, Rudman N, Bulum T, Tomić M, Plavša B, Vučković Rebrina S, Vučić Lovrenčić M, Duvnjak L, Morahan G, Gornik O. N-glycosylation of serum proteins in adult type 1 diabetes mellitus exposes further changes compared to children at the disease onset. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 543:117298. [PMID: 36925056 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previously we have shown that plasma protein N-glycosylation is changed in children at the onset of type 1 diabetes. In this study, we aim to identify N-glycan changes in adults with T1DM, compare them to those in children, and investigate their associations with disease duration, complications, glycaemic status, and smoking. METHODS Serum protein N-glycans from 200 adults with type 1 diabetes and 298 healthy controls were analysed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and divided into 39 directly measured glycan groups from which 16 derived traits were calculated. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, subjects with type 1 diabetes showed differences in 19 glycan groups and a decrease in monogalactosylated, an increase in digalactosylated, monosialylated, and antennary fucosylated derived traits, from which changes in monogalactosylation and seven directly measured traits overlapped with previously reported in children. Changes in four directly measured and two derived traits previously seen in children were not detected in adults. HbA1c was positively associated with sialylated and highly branched structures, whereas N-glycome was not influenced by disease duration or diabetic complications. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest potential N-glycome involvement in different stages of type 1 diabetes, including processes underlying its development, the disease itself, as well as those occurring after disease establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Nemčić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marko Tijardović
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Najda Rudman
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tomislav Bulum
- Department of Endocrinology, Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, Dugi dol 4A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Martina Tomić
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic, Merkur University Hospital, Dugi dol 4A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Branimir Plavša
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sandra Vučković Rebrina
- Department of Endocrinology, Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, Dugi dol 4A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marijana Vučić Lovrenčić
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zajčeva ul. 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Lea Duvnjak
- Department of Endocrinology, Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, Dugi dol 4A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Grant Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, The Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research, 6 Verdun St, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia; Australian Centre for Accelerating Diabetes Innovations, University of Melbourne, Swanston St, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Olga Gornik
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Šoić D, Keser T, Štambuk J, Kifer D, Pociot F, Lauc G, Morahan G, Novokmet M, Gornik O. High-Throughput Human Complement C3 N-Glycoprofiling Identifies Markers of Early Onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100407. [PMID: 36031042 PMCID: PMC9538898 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, it was shown that children at the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a higher proportion of oligomannose glycans in their total plasma protein N-glycome compared to their healthy siblings. The most abundant complement component, glycoprotein C3, contains two N-glycosylation sites occupied exclusively by this type of glycans. Furthermore, complement system, as well as C3, was previously associated with T1D. It is also known that changes in glycosylation can modulate inflammatory responses, so our aim was to characterize the glycosylation profile of C3 in T1D. For this purpose, we developed a novel high-throughput workflow for human C3 concanavalin A lectin affinity enrichment and subsequent LC-MS glycopeptide analysis which enables protein-specific N-glycosylation profiling. From the Danish Childhood Diabetes Register, plasma samples of 61 children/adolescents newly diagnosed with T1D and 84 of their unaffected siblings were C3 N-glycoprofiled. Significant changes of C3 N-glycan profiles were found. T1D was associated with an increase in the proportion of unprocessed glycan structures with more mannose units. A regression model including C3 N-glycans showed notable discriminative power between children with early onset T1D and their healthy siblings with area under curve of 0.879. This study confirmed our previous findings of plasma high-mannose glycan changes in a cohort of recent onset T1D cases, suggesting the involvement of C3 N-glycome in T1D development. Our C3 glycan-based discriminative model could be valuable in assessment of T1D risk in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinko Šoić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Toma Keser
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jerko Štambuk
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Kifer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Grant Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia,University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Olga Gornik
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,For correspondence: Olga Gornik
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Cai Y, Ren W, Wang H, Bian Q. In-depth profiling of urinary N-glycome in diabetic kidney disease by ultrafast glycoprotein immobilization for glycan extraction (UltraGIG). Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1221:340144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Dotz V, Visconti A, Lomax-Browne HJ, Clerc F, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, Medjeral-Thomas NR, Cook HT, Pickering MC, Wuhrer M, Falchi M. O- and N-Glycosylation of Serum Immunoglobulin A is Associated with IgA Nephropathy and Glomerular Function. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:2455-2465. [PMID: 34127537 PMCID: PMC8722783 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020081208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease worldwide and is a leading cause of renal failure. The disease mechanisms are not completely understood, but a higher abundance of galactose-deficient IgA is recognized to play a crucial role in IgAN pathogenesis. Although both types of human IgA (IgA1 and IgA2) have several N-glycans as post-translational modification, only IgA1 features extensive hinge-region O-glycosylation. IgA1 galactose deficiency on the O-glycans is commonly detected by a lectin-based method. To date, limited detail is known about IgA O- and N-glycosylation in IgAN. METHODS To gain insights into the complex O- and N-glycosylation of serum IgA1 and IgA2 in IgAN, we used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for the analysis of tryptic glycopeptides of serum IgA from 83 patients with IgAN and 244 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Multiple structural features of N-glycosylation of IgA1 and IgA2 were associated with IgAN and glomerular function in our cross-sectional study. These features included differences in galactosylation, sialylation, bisection, fucosylation, and N-glycan complexity. Moreover, IgA1 O-glycan sialylation was associated with both the disease and glomerular function. Finally, glycopeptides were a better predictor of IgAN and glomerular function than galactose-deficient IgA1 levels measured by lectin-based ELISA. CONCLUSIONS Our high-resolution data suggest that IgA O- and N-glycopeptides are promising targets for future investigations on the pathophysiology of IgAN and as potential noninvasive biomarkers for disease prediction and deteriorating kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Dotz
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alessia Visconti
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah J. Lomax-Browne
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Florent Clerc
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nicholas R. Medjeral-Thomas
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - H. Terence Cook
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew C. Pickering
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Falchi
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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