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Schön K, Lepenies B, Goyette-Desjardins G. Impact of Protein Glycosylation on the Design of Viral Vaccines. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 175:319-354. [PMID: 32935143 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycans play crucial roles in various biological processes such as cell proliferation, cell-cell interactions, and immune responses. Since viruses co-opt cellular biosynthetic pathways, viral glycosylation mainly depends on the host cell glycosylation machinery. Consequently, several viruses exploit the cellular glycosylation pathway to their advantage. It was shown that viral glycosylation is strongly dependent on the host system selected for virus propagation and/or protein expression. Therefore, the use of different expression systems results in various glycoforms of viral glycoproteins that may differ in functional properties. These differences clearly illustrate that the choice of the expression system can be important, as the resulting glycosylation may influence immunological properties. In this review, we will first detail protein N- and O-glycosylation pathways and the resulting glycosylation patterns; we will then discuss different aspects of viral glycosylation in pathogenesis and in vaccine development; and finally, we will elaborate on how to harness viral glycosylation in order to optimize the design of viral vaccines. To this end, we will highlight specific examples to demonstrate how glycoengineering approaches and exploitation of different expression systems could pave the way towards better self-adjuvanted glycan-based viral vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Schön
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany.
| | - Guillaume Goyette-Desjardins
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany.
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Zhang D, Xie Q, Wang Q, Wang Y, Miao J, Li L, Zhang T, Cao X, Li Y. Mass spectrometry analysis reveals aberrant N-glycans in colorectal cancer tissues. Glycobiology 2019; 29:372-384. [PMID: 30698702 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is strongly correlated with the development of various cancers. Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, including N-glycans, are predominantly expressed on the tumor cell surface. Because the incidence of colorectal cancer is high in China, we investigated aberrant N-glycans from colorectal cancer tissues (CRC) in Chinese patients. By Linear ion trap quadrupole-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, we performed glycomic assays on N-glycans obtained from solid CRC tissues and paired peritumoral tissues. In total, aberrant N-glycans were expressed in the colorectal tumor tissues. Specifically, seven bisecting structures (M/Z 9732+, 10602+, 10752+, 11622+, 11772+, 12642+, 13522+) decreased, M/Z 10552+ (two-antennae complex N-glycan) and M/Z 12792+ (three-antennae complex N-glycan) decreased, M/Z 10132+ and M/Z 11162+ (high-mannose N-glycan) increased, and M/Z 12282+ (bifucosylated N-glycan) increased. To evaluate the MS profile data, several statistical tools were applied, including student's t test, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve. The measurement of the degree of bisecting N-glycans had an area under the curve value of 0.823. Interestingly, we observed that the bisecting N-glycans decreased with the tumor stages. This phenomenon was not found in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, in which the bisecting N-glycans had no change. Thus, the expression of bisecting N-glycans may be an interesting point in the study of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, SuZhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, SuZhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, SuZhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinsheng Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, SuZhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, SuZhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, SuZhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiufeng Cao
- Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yunsen Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, SuZhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Abdel Rahman AM, Ryczko M, Nakano M, Pawling J, Rodrigues T, Johswich A, Taniguchi N, Dennis JW. Golgi N-glycan branching N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases I, V and VI promote nutrient uptake and metabolism. Glycobiology 2014; 25:225-40. [PMID: 25395405 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient transporters are critical gate-keepers of extracellular metabolite entry into the cell. As integral membrane proteins, most transporters are N-glycosylated, and the N-glycans are remodeled in the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi branching enzymes N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases I, II, IV, V and avian VI (encoded by Mgat1, Mgat2, Mgat4a/b/c Mgat5 and Mgat6), each catalyze the addition of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in N-glycans. Here, we asked whether N-glycan branching promotes nutrient transport and metabolism in immortal human HeLa carcinoma and non-malignant HEK293 embryonic kidney cells. Mgat6 is absent in mammals, but ectopic expression can be expected to add an additional β1,4-linked branch to N-glycans, and may provide evidence for functional redundancy of the N-glycan branches. Tetracycline (tet)-induced overexpression of Mgat1, Mgat5 and Mgat6 resulted in increased enzyme activity and increased N-glycan branching concordant with the known specificities of these enzymes. Tet-induced Mgat1, Mgat5 and Mgat6 combined with stimulation of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) to UDP-GlcNAc, increased cellular metabolite levels, lactate and oxidative metabolism in an additive manner. We then tested the hypothesis that N-glycan branching alone might promote nutrient uptake when glucose (Glc) and glutamine are limiting. In low glutamine and Glc medium, tet-induced Mgat5 alone increased amino acids uptake, intracellular levels of glycolytic and TCA intermediates, as well as HEK293 cell growth. More specifically, tet-induced Mgat5 and HBP elevated the import rate of glutamine, although transport of other metabolites may be regulated in parallel. Our results suggest that N-glycan branching cooperates with HBP to regulate metabolite import in a cell autonomous manner, and can enhance cell growth in low-nutrient environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5
| | - Michael Ryczko
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5 Department of Molecular Genetics
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5
| | - Tania Rodrigues
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5 Department of Molecular Genetics
| | - Anita Johswich
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - James W Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5 Department of Molecular Genetics Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5
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