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Xu C, Wang S, Wu Y, Sun X, Yang D, Wang S. Recent advances in understanding the roles of sialyltransferases in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:119-127. [PMID: 33411077 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal glycosylation is a common characteristic of cancer cells and there is a lot of evidence that glycans can regulate the biological behavior of tumor cells. Sialylation modification, a form of glycosylation modification, plays an important role in cell recognition, cell adhesion and cell signal transduction. Abnormal sialylation on the surface of tumor cells is related to tumor migration and invasion, with abnormal expression of sialyltransferases being one of the main causes of abnormal sialylation. Recent studies provide a better understanding of the importance of the sialyltransferases, and how they influences cancer cell angiogenesis, adhesion and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). The present review will provide a direction for future studies in determining the roles of sialyltransferases in cancer metastasis, and abnormal sialyltransferases are likely to be potential biomarkers for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shidan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinshuang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyong Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Yu SY, Snovida S, Khoo KH. Permethylation and Microfractionation of Sulfated Glycans for MS Analysis. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3617. [PMID: 33659290 PMCID: PMC7842599 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfated glycans are barely detectable in routine mass spectrometry (MS)-based glycomic analysis due to ion suppression by the significantly more abundant neutral glycans in the positive ion mode, and sialylated non-sulfated glycans in the negative ion mode, respectively. Nevertheless, the negative charge imparted by sulfate can be advantageous for selective detection in the negative ion mode if the sialic acids can first be neutralized. This is most conveniently achieved by a concerted sample preparation workflow in which permethylation is followed by solid phase fractionation to isolate the sulfated glycans prior to MS analysis. Importantly, we demonstrated that conventional NaOH/DMSO slurry permethylation method can retain the sulfates. Instead of extracting permethylated glycans into chloroform for sample clean-up, reverse phase C18 cartridge coupled with self-packed amine-tip or mixed mode weak anion exchange cartridge can be utilized to obtain in good yield the non-sulfated, mono-sulfated, and multiply sulfated permethylated glycans in separate fractions for sulfoglycomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Yi Yu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 –UGSF- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Sergei Snovida
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Expression, purification, and characterization of a new Glucosyltransferase involved in the third step of O-antigen repeating-unit biosynthesis of Escherichia coli O152. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:139-149. [PMID: 31974821 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09907-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The O antigen is indispensable for the full function and virulence of pathogenic bacteria. During O-repeating unit (RU) biosynthesis, committed glycosyltransferases (GTs) transfer various sugars from an activated sugar donor to the appropriate lipid carrier sequentially. While the nucleotide sequence specific for O antigen of pathogenic bacteria is already known, the exact substrate specificity of most hypothetical GTs have yet be characterized. In the present paper, we report the biochemical characterization of one alpha-glucosyltransferase, WfgE, a member of GT family 4. This enzyme is implicated in the pentasaccharide RU biosynthetic pathway of E. coli O152 O antigen. A chemoenzymatically synthesized acceptor (GlcGlcNAc α-PP-O(CH2)10CH3) was used to characterize the WfgE activity. The enzyme product was determined to have a 1,2-linkage using strategy based on collision-induced dissociation electrospray ionization ion trap multiple tandem MS (CID-ESI-IT-MSn). The lack of a DxD motif and its high activity without divalent metal ions suggests that WfgE belongs to the GT-B fold superfamily. The enzyme is specific for beta-glucose or galactose-terminating acceptor substrates, and in particular UDP-glucose but also UDP-galactose as donor substrates. Our results suggest that WfgE catalyses the addition of the third sugar residue of the E. coli O152 O-RU. The recombinant GST-WfgE was solubilized and further purified to homogeneity via GST affinity chromatography, paving the way for structure-function relationship studies.
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Takashima Y, Yoshimura T, Kano Y, Hayano A, Hondoh H, Ikenaka K, Yamanaka R. Differential expression of N-linked oligosaccharides in methotrexate-resistant primary central nervous system lymphoma cells. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:910. [PMID: 31510952 PMCID: PMC6739943 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oligosaccharides of glycoprotein, particularly negatively-charged sialylated N-glycans, on the surface of lymphomas play important roles in cell–cell interactions and bind immunoglobulin-like lectins, causing inflammatory responses and bioregulation. However, their characterizations have largely been unknown in central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. Methods Here, we investigated expression patterns of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins in cells derived from CNS lymphomas and clinical specimens. Results We first generated methotrexate (MTX)-resistant cells derived from HKBML and TK as CNS lymphoma, and RAJI as non-CNS lymphoma and determined N-linked oligosaccharide structures in these cells and other non-CNS lymphoma-derived cells including A4/FUK, OYB, and HBL1. Major components of the total oligosaccharides were high-mannose type N-glycans, whose level increased in MTX-resistant HKBML and TK but decreased in MTX-resistant RAJI. We also detected sialylated biantennary galactosylated N-glycans with α1,6-fucosylation, A2G2F, and A2G2FB from HKBML, TK, and RAJI. Sialylated A4G4F was specifically isolated from RAJI. However, the ratios of these sialylated N-glycans slightly decreased against MTX-resistant compared to non-resistant cells. Interestingly, almost all complex-type oligosaccharides were α2,6-sialylated. Discussion This is the first study for the expression profile of N-oligosaccharides on MTX-resistant primary CNS lymphoma-derived cells HKBML and TK, and tumor tissues resected from patients with CNS lymphoma, Conclusion These results propose a possibility that the differential expression of high-mannose types and sialylated A2G2F, A2G2FB, and A4G4F on the surface of CNS lymphomas may provide a hint for targets for diagnoses and treatments of the oligosaccharide type-specific lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Takashima
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy for Cancer, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoshimura
- Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.,Present Address: Department of Child Development and Molecular Brain Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kano
- Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Azusa Hayano
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy for Cancer, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hondoh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Toyama, 930-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikenaka
- Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Ryuya Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy for Cancer, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
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Novel Zebrafish Mono-α2,8-sialyltransferase (ST8Sia VIII): An Evolutionary Perspective of α2,8-Sialylation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030622. [PMID: 30709055 PMCID: PMC6387029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian mono-α2,8-sialyltransferase ST8Sia VI has been shown to catalyze the transfer of a unique sialic acid residues onto core 1 O-glycans leading to the formation of di-sialylated O-glycosylproteins and to a lesser extent to diSia motifs onto glycolipids like GD1a. Previous studies also reported the identification of an orthologue of the ST8SIA6 gene in the zebrafish genome. Trying to get insights into the biosynthesis and function of the oligo-sialylated glycoproteins during zebrafish development, we cloned and studied this fish α2,8-sialyltransferase homologue. In situ hybridization experiments demonstrate that expression of this gene is always detectable during zebrafish development both in the central nervous system and in non-neuronal tissues. Intriguingly, using biochemical approaches and the newly developed in vitro MicroPlate Sialyltransferase Assay (MPSA), we found that the zebrafish recombinant enzyme does not synthetize diSia motifs on glycoproteins or glycolipids as the human homologue does. Using comparative genomics and molecular phylogeny approaches, we show in this work that the human ST8Sia VI orthologue has disappeared in the ray-finned fish and that the homologue described in fish correspond to a new subfamily of α2,8-sialyltransferase named ST8Sia VIII that was not maintained in Chondrichtyes and Sarcopterygii.
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2013-2014. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:353-491. [PMID: 29687922 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review is the eighth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2014. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly- saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:353-491, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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Chen JY, Huang HH, Yu SY, Wu SJ, Kannagi R, Khoo KH. Concerted mass spectrometry-based glycomic approach for precision mapping of sulfo sialylated N-glycans on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymphocytes. Glycobiology 2017; 28:9-20. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-You Chen
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Huang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yi Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ju Wu
- Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Reiji Kannagi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Zou G, Benktander JD, Gizaw ST, Gaunitz S, Novotny MV. Comprehensive Analytical Approach toward Glycomic Characterization and Profiling in Urinary Exosomes. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5364-5372. [PMID: 28402650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular nanosized vesicles with lipid bilayers encapsulating nucleic acids and proteins, both with and without glycosylation. While exosomal nucleic acids and proteins have previously been explored to identify cancer biomarkers with some promising results, little information has been available concerning their glycoconjugate content. Exosomes were isolated from normal urine samples through multistep differential centrifugation. The isolated exosomes have an average size of 146 nm and a spherical shape, as determined by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. N-Glycans were enzymatically released from the isolated vesicles. After being reduced and permethylated, N-glycans were measured by MALDI mass spectrometry. Paucimannosidic, high-mannose, and complex type glycans were identified and their relative abundances were determined. Some detailed structures of these glycans were revealed through liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). The reduced N-glycans, without being permethylated, were also separated and analyzed by LC/MS-MS, and their structures were further detailed through isomeric separation on porous graphitized carbon (PGC) packed in long capillaries. Using microfractionation before LC/MS-MS, minor multiantennary N-glycans were preconcentrated as based on hydrophobicity or charge. Preconcentration of the reduced and permethylated glycans on a C18 cartridge revealed numerous large glycans, whereas fractionation of the reduced N-glycans by ion-exchange cartridges facilitated detection of sulfated glycans. After removing N-glycans from the original sample aliquot, O-glycans were chemically released from urinary exosomes and profiled, revealing some unusual structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhang Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - John D Benktander
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Solomon T Gizaw
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Stefan Gaunitz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Milos V Novotny
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Upregulation of Human ST8Sia VI (α2,8-Sialyltransferase) Gene Expression by Physcion in SK-N-BE(2)-C Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081246. [PMID: 27490539 PMCID: PMC5000644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, we firstly demonstrated that physcion, an anthraquinone derivative, specifically increased the expression of the human α2,8-sialyltransferase (hST8Sia VI) gene in SK-N-BE(2)-C human neuroblastoma cells. To establish the mechanism responsible for the up-regulation of hST8Sia VI gene expression in physcion-treated SK-N-BE(2)-C cells, the putative promoter region of the hST8Sia VI gene was functionally characterized. Promoter analysis with serially truncated fragments of the 5′-flanking region showed that the region between −320 and −240 is crucial for physcion-induced transcription of hST8Sia VI in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells. Putative binding sites for transcription factors Pax-5 and NF-Y are located at this region. The Pax-5 binding site at −262 to −256 was essential for the expression of the hST8Sia VI gene by physcion in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells. Moreover, the transcription of hST8Sia VI induced by physcion in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells was inhibited by extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) inhibitor U0126 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580, but not c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125. These results suggest that physcion upregulates hST8Sia VI gene expression via ERK and p38 MAPK pathways in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells.
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Macauley MS, Kawasaki N, Peng W, Wang SH, He Y, Arlian BM, McBride R, Kannagi R, Khoo KH, Paulson JC. Unmasking of CD22 Co-receptor on Germinal Center B-cells Occurs by Alternative Mechanisms in Mouse and Man. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:30066-77. [PMID: 26507663 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.691337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CD22 is an inhibitory B-cell co-receptor whose function is modulated by sialic acid (Sia)-bearing glycan ligands. Glycan remodeling in the germinal center (GC) alters CD22 ligands, with as yet no ascribed biological consequence. Here, we show in both mice and humans that loss of high affinity ligands on GC B-cells unmasks the binding site of CD22 relative to naive and memory B-cells, promoting recognition of trans ligands. The conserved modulation of CD22 ligands on GC B-cells is striking because high affinity glycan ligands of CD22 are species-specific. In both species, the high affinity ligand is based on the sequence Siaα2-6Galβ1-4GlcNAc, which terminates N-glycans. The human ligand has N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) as the sialic acid, and the high affinity ligand on naive B-cells contains 6-O-sulfate on the GlcNAc. On human GC B-cells, this sulfate modification is lost, giving rise to lower affinity CD22 ligands. Ligands of CD22 on naive murine B-cells do not contain the 6-O-sulfate modification. Instead, the high affinity ligand for mouse CD22 has N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) as the sialic acid, which is replaced on GC B-cells with Neu5Ac. Human naive and memory B-cells express sulfated glycans as high affinity CD22 ligands, which are lost on GC B-cells. In mice, Neu5Gc-containing glycans serve as high affinity CD22 ligands that are replaced by Neu5Ac-containing glycans on GC B-cells. Our results demonstrate that loss of high affinity CD22 ligands on GC B-cells occurs in both mice and humans through alternative mechanisms, unmasking CD22 relative to naive and memory B-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuan He
- Cell and Molecular Biology, and
| | | | | | - Reiji Kannagi
- Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | | | - James C Paulson
- From the Departments of Chemical Physiology, Cell and Molecular Biology, and Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 and
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Halder S, Cotmore S, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Smith DF, Cummings RD, Chen X, Trollope AJ, North SJ, Haslam SM, Dell A, Tattersall P, McKenna R, Agbandje-McKenna M. Profiling of glycan receptors for minute virus of mice in permissive cell lines towards understanding the mechanism of cell recognition. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86909. [PMID: 24475195 PMCID: PMC3903596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The recognition of sialic acids by two strains of minute virus of mice (MVM), MVMp (prototype) and MVMi (immunosuppressive), is an essential requirement for successful infection. To understand the potential for recognition of different modifications of sialic acid by MVM, three types of capsids, virus-like particles, wild type empty (no DNA) capsids, and DNA packaged virions, were screened on a sialylated glycan microarray (SGM). Both viruses demonstrated a preference for binding to 9-O-methylated sialic acid derivatives, while MVMp showed additional binding to 9-O-acetylated and 9-O-lactoylated sialic acid derivatives, indicating recognition differences. The glycans recognized contained a type-2 Galβ1-4GlcNAc motif (Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc or 3′SIA-LN) and were biantennary complex-type N-glycans with the exception of one. To correlate the recognition of the 3′SIA-LN glycan motif as well as the biantennary structures to their natural expression in cell lines permissive for MVMp, MVMi, or both strains, the N- and O-glycans, and polar glycolipids present in three cell lines used for in vitro studies, A9 fibroblasts, EL4 T lymphocytes, and the SV40 transformed NB324K cells, were analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. The cells showed an abundance of the sialylated glycan motifs recognized by the viruses in the SGM and previous glycan microarrays supporting their role in cellular recognition by MVM. Significantly, the NB324K showed fucosylation at the non-reducing end of their biantennary glycans, suggesting that recognition of these cells is possibly mediated by the Lewis X motif as in 3′SIA-LeX identified in a previous glycan microarray screen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Halder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Susan Cotmore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - David F. Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Alana J. Trollope
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J. North
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart M. Haslam
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Dell
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Tattersall
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mavis Agbandje-McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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