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Zhang S, Chen J, Li B, Cai X, Wang K, Tan Z, Zheng Y, Liu Q. Family history of cancer is a prognostic factor for better survival in operable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A propensity score matching analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:945937. [PMID: 36591498 PMCID: PMC9796554 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.945937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lay summary Patients with a family history of cancer, especially digestive tract cancer and esophageal cancer, a family history of cancer in the first degree, and more than one relative affected by cancer were associated with favorable survival when compared to those without a family history of cancer. Precis for use in the Table of Contents A family history of cancer is a favorable independent prognostic factor in ESCC. Patients with a family history of cancer, especially digestive tract cancer and esophageal cancer, a family history of cancer in the first degree, and more than one relative affected by cancer were associated with favorable survival when compared to those without a family history of cancer. Background A family history of cancer (FH) is closely associated with the risk and survival of many cancers. However, the effect of FH on the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. We performed a large cohort study in the Chinese population to obtain insight into the prognostic value of FH in patients with operable ESCC. Methods A total of 1,322 consecutive patients with thoracic ESCC who had undergone esophagectomy between January 1997 and December 2013 were included. The FH group included patients with any degree of FH, while the non-FH group included patients without any degree of FH. In total, 215 patients with FH and 215 without FH were matched using the propensity score matching analysis method to adjust for differences in baseline variables between the two groups. The impact of FH on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's proportional hazards models. Results Before matching, 280 (21.2%) patients were included in the FH group and 1,042 (78.8%) in the non-FH group. FH was associated with early pathological T stage (p = 0.001), lymph node-negative status (p = 0.022), and early pathological stage (p = 0.006). After matching, FH was an independent prognostic factor for DFS and OS in ESCC patients. Patients with FH had 35% lower risk of disease progression (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.51-0.84, p = 0.001) and 34% lower risk of death (HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.51-0.86, p = 0.002) than those without FH. Patients with a family history of digestive tract cancer (FH-DC), a family history of esophageal cancer (FH-EC), FH in first-degree relatives (FH-FD), and more than one relative affected by cancer were associated with favorable DFS and OS as compared to those without FH. Conclusion FH is a favorable independent prognostic factor in ESCC. Patients with FH, especially those with FH-DC, FH-EC, FH-FD, and more than one relative affected by cancer, had improved survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuishen Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junying Chen
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Biostatistics Team, Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Cai
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihui Tan
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhen Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Six Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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BULUT H, YALNIZ E, ÇİMEN P. Is the diagnosis of lung cancer effective in decision of smoking cessation period? CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.980891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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He T, Liu L, Huang J, Li G, Guo X. The Community Health Supporting Environments and Residents' Health and Well-Being: The Role of Health Literacy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7769. [PMID: 34360061 PMCID: PMC8345434 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We evaluate the impacts that health supporting environments have on residents' health and well-being. Using a stratified multi-stage sampling method, we select a sample of 12,360 permanent adult residents aged 15-69, and collect information on their health literacy level, as well as their demographic background and health. This individual level data is then merged with the administrative health supporting environment data. More than two thirds of residents self-reported having good/excellent health, and the percent of adults living in communities with healthy parks, healthy trails, and healthy huts in their community is 23 percent, 43 percent, and 25 percent, respectively. Controlling for a series of confounding factors at the community and individual levels, we find that healthy parks and healthy trails are positively correlated with self-reported health, which increases the probability of self-reporting good health by 2.0 percentage points (p < 0.10) and 6.0 percentage points (p < 0.01), respectively. Access to healthy huts is negatively associated with self-reported health, decreasing the probability of self-reporting good health by 5.0 percentage points (p < 0.01). Health literacy plays a role in moderating the effect of health parks, and a positive effect is more likely to be observed among adults with lower health literacy. Health supporting environments may play a role in reducing the likelihood of undiagnosed diseases and changing residents' lifestyles, which promotes the health and well-being of residents, especially among those with inadequate health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; (T.H.); (J.H.); (G.L.)
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Lefan Liu
- Center for Health Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; (T.H.); (J.H.); (G.L.)
| | - Guoxing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; (T.H.); (J.H.); (G.L.)
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; (T.H.); (J.H.); (G.L.)
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Does quitting intention increase by perceived risk of smoking? The effects of negative outcome expectancy, future orientation and emotional support. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01815-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu L, Qian X, Chen Z, He T. Health literacy and its effect on chronic disease prevention: evidence from China's data. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:690. [PMID: 32410604 PMCID: PMC7227325 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08804-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving health literacy is an important public health goal in many countries. Although many studies have suggested that low health literacy has adverse effects on an individual's health outcomes, confounding factors are often not accounted. This paper examines the interplay between health literacy and chronic disease prevention. METHODS A population-based sample of 8194 participants aged 15-69 years old in Ningbo were used from China's 2017 National Health Literacy Surveillance Data. We use multivariate regression analysis to disentangle the relationship between health literacy and chronic disease prevention. RESULTS We find the association between health literacy and the occurrence of the first chronic condition is attenuated after we adjust the results for age and education. This might arise because having one or more chronic conditions is associated with better knowledge about chronic diseases, thus improve their health literacy. More importantly, we find health literacy is associated with a reduction in the likelihood of having a comorbid condition. However, this protective effect is only found among urban residents, suggesting health literacy might be a key factor explaining the rural-urban disparity in health outcomes. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the important role of health literacy in preventing comorbidities instead of preventing the first chronic condition. Moreover, family support could help improve health literacy and result in beneficial effects on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lefan Liu
- Center for Health Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100 China
| | - Xujun Qian
- Department of Health and Management, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010 China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Center for Health Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100 China
- College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606 USA
| | - Tianfeng He
- Department of Health Education, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 237 Yongfeng Street, Ningbo, 315010 China
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An J, Chang S, Kim HI, Song GW, Shim JH. The clinical behavior and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and a family history of the disease. Cancer Med 2019; 8:6624-6633. [PMID: 31532075 PMCID: PMC6825981 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Familial clustering is a common feature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well as a risk factor for the disease. We aimed to assess whether such a family history affected prognostic outcomes in patients with HCC diagnosed at different stages of the disease. Materials/Methods This hospital registry‐based cohort study included 5484 patients initially diagnosed with HCC. Individual family histories of cancer were obtained by interview and reported by trained nurses who constructed three‐generation pedigrees. Overall survival data were compared between cases with and without first‐degree relatives affected by HCC, with adjustment for other potential predictors. Results Of 5484 patients, 845 (15.4%) had first‐degree relatives with a history of HCC. Family history was associated with longer survival in the entire cohort (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80‐0.98, P = .025). A significant trend for reduced risk of death with increasing number of affected family members was also observed (P for trend = 0.018). The stage‐stratified analysis showed that the presence of family history was especially associated with a reduced risk of death in the subset of patients with HCC at a (very) early stage (adjusted HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.69‐0.99; P = .042). The proportion of cases receiving curative treatment was also higher in early‐stage patients with a family history (72.6% vs 63.3%; P < .001). Conclusions A first‐degree family history of the disease is a prognostic factor for improved survival in patients with HCC, especially in those whose tumors can be cured by radical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun An
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Seheon Chang
- Internal Medicine, Myongji Saint Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Il Kim
- Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi-Won Song
- Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Shim
- Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Feliciano J, Chang A, Venkatraman D, Brooks S, Zagaja C, Ettinger D, Hann C, Naidoo J, Voong R, Hales R, Turner M, Peterson V, Bodurtha J. Lung cancer and family-centered concerns. Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:497-505. [PMID: 31065838 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04839-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic and environmental interactions predispose certain groups to lung cancer, including families. Families or caregiving units experience the disease interdependently. We have previously evaluated the concerns and preferences of patients in addressing the lung cancer experience and cancer risks in their families. This qualitative study evaluates the concerns and preferences of family members and caregivers of patients with lung cancer in the lung cancer experience and familial cancer risks. METHODS We held focus groups to discuss the format and timing of addressing these preferences and concerns. Qualitative data generated was analyzed using a grounded theory approach. RESULTS Five focus groups totaling 19 participants were conducted. Seven themes were identified: (1) journey to lung cancer diagnosis has core dimensions for patient and family, (2) importance of communication between patients, families, and providers, (3) challenges for caregivers and family, (4) mixed perceptions of lung cancer causation among relatives, (5) discussion of cancer risk with relatives has complex dynamics, (6) impact of diagnosis on family health behaviors and screening, (7) role of genetic counseling. CONCLUSIONS Family members of patients with lung cancer are interested in discussing risk factors, prevention, and diagnoses and also would like access to other supportive services do learn about and cope with some of the stresses and barriers they experience in the family lung cancer journey. The diagnosis represents a potential teachable moment with the opportunity to reduce the risk of LC development or improve early detection in LC patient's family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Feliciano
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Bayview, 301 Mason Lord Drive, Suite 4500, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Alexander Chang
- Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, 21218, USA
| | - Deepti Venkatraman
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Samara Brooks
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ciara Zagaja
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - David Ettinger
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Bayview, 301 Mason Lord Drive, Suite 4500, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Christine Hann
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Bayview, 301 Mason Lord Drive, Suite 4500, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jarushka Naidoo
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Bayview, 301 Mason Lord Drive, Suite 4500, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ranh Voong
- Johns Hopkins Department of Radiation Oncology, 401 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Russell Hales
- Johns Hopkins McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Michelle Turner
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Bayview, 301 Mason Lord Drive, Suite 4500, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Valerie Peterson
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Bayview, 301 Mason Lord Drive, Suite 4500, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Joann Bodurtha
- Johns Hopkins McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
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Lee SY, Kim DW, Kang SI, Ihn MH, Oh HK, Kang SB, Kim CH, Kim HR, Kim YJ, Ju JK. Impact of Family History on Prognosis of Patients with Sporadic Colorectal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:1118-1126. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Schwartz LA, Henry-Moss D, Egleston B, Patrick-Miller L, Markman E, Daly M, Tuchman L, Moore C, Rauch PK, Karpink K, Sands CB, Domchek SM, Bradbury A. Preventative Health and Risk Behaviors Among Adolescent Girls With and Without Family Histories of Breast Cancer. J Adolesc Health 2019; 64:116-123. [PMID: 30301677 PMCID: PMC7597848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare health behaviors (smoking, alcohol use, fruit and vegetable intake, and exercise frequency) and breast self-exam (BSE) between girls with breast cancer family history (BCFH+) and without (BCFH-) and assess associates of behaviors across all girls. METHODS A total of 208 BCFH+ girls (11-19 years old), with first- or second-degree relatives with breast cancer or a mother with a BRCA1/2 mutation, and 112 BCFH- peers reported their health behaviors, beliefs, and psychosocial function. RESULTS Despite higher BCFH+ girls' greater perceived breast cancer risk, there were no differences between BCFH+ and BCFH- girls on diet, exercise, alcohol initiation, or BSE. BCFH+ girls were slightly more likely to report trying cigarettes (11% vs. 5%, p = .04). In multivariable models with all girls, categorical associations with behaviors included the following: developmental and demographic factors with smoking, alcohol, diet, and exercise; family breast cancer history and experience with smoking, alcohol, and diet; psychosocial factors with smoking; girls perceptions of cancer controllability and mother support for health behaviors with alcohol, diet, exercise, and BSE; and mother behaviors with diet. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent girls from BCFH+ families reported similar health behaviors to BCFH- peers, signaling that they are not translating their higher perceived risk into cancer control behaviors. Both uncontrollable (i.e., breast cancer experiences) and modifiable factors relate to health behaviors and warrant further investigation. Results indicate that interventions with teens and parents that target modifiable variables such as controllability perceptions, maternal modeling, and communication may relate to better health behaviors and reduced future breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Schwartz
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, CTRB 10311, Philadelphia, PA19104;
| | - Dare Henry-Moss
- The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, PCAM 10, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
| | - Brian Egleston
- Fox Chase Cancer Center of Temple University Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111;
| | | | - Elisabeth Markman
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, CTRB 10311, Philadelphia, PA19104;
| | - Mary Daly
- Fox Chase Cancer Center of Temple University Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111;
| | - Lisa Tuchman
- Children’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20010;
| | - Cynthia Moore
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114;
| | - Paula K. Rauch
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114;
| | - Kelsey Karpink
- The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, PCAM 10, Philadelphia, PA;
| | - Colleen Burke Sands
- The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, PCAM 10, Philadelphia, PA;
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- The Basser Research Center for BRCA in the Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, PCAM 3 SPE, Philadelphia, PA;
| | - Angela Bradbury
- The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, PCAM 10, Philadelphia, PA;
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Prognostic significance of cancer family history for patients with gastric cancer: a single center experience from China. Oncotarget 2018; 7:37305-37318. [PMID: 27127887 PMCID: PMC5095078 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Family history of cancer is a risk factor for gastric cancer. In this study, we investigated the prognoses of gastric cancer patients with family history of cancer. A total of 1805 gastric cancer patients who underwent curative gastrectomy from 2000 to 2008 were evaluated. The clinicopathologic parameters and prognoses of gastric cancer patients with a positive family history (PFH) of cancer were compared with those with a negative family history (NFH). Of 1805 patients, 382 (21.2%) patients had a positive family history of cancer. Positive family history of cancer correlated with younger age, more frequent alcohol and tobacco use, worse differentiation, smaller tumor size, and more frequent tumor location in the lower 1/3 of the stomach. The prognoses of patients with a positive family history of cancer were better than that of patients with a negative family history. Family history of cancer independently correlated with better prognosis after curative gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients.
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Chang EHE, Braith A, Hitsman B, Schnoll RA. Treating Nicotine Dependence and Preventing Smoking Relapse in Cancer Patients. EXPERT REVIEW OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN CANCER CARE 2016; 2:23-39. [PMID: 28808692 PMCID: PMC5553981 DOI: 10.1080/23809000.2017.1271981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the well-documented harmful effects of smoking, many cancer patients continue to smoke. Smoking cessation is critical to address in this population given the associated increase in treatment toxicity, risk of second primary tumors, decrease in treatment response and higher disease-specific and all-cause mortality with continued smoking following a cancer diagnosis. This review seeks to summarize the latest recommendations and guidelines on smoking cessation treatment for patients diagnosed with cancer, and the evidence behind those recommendations. AREAS COVERED We reviewed the latest evidence for smoking cessation treatments for cancer patients and the clinical guidelines and recommendation available for oncologists and health care providers. The unique aspects of nicotine dependence among patients diagnosed with cancer, and key challenges and barriers that cancer survivors and health care providers experience when considering smoking cessation treatments, and available clinical resources, are also discussed. Lastly, the authors summarize future directions in the field of smoking cessation treatment for cancer patients. EXPERT COMMENTARY While there are areas of improvement in research of smoking cessation treatment for cancer patients, critical under-explored areas remain. Nonetheless, providers should adhere to the NCCN guidelines and offer a brief counseling intervention to motivate patients to quit smoking when appropriate resources are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hae Estelle Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 981225 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1225, Phone 402-559-8007 Fax 402-559-8490
| | - Andrew Braith
- College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42 Street and Emile Street, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Brian Hitsman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine & Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 680 N Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, Phone 312-503-2074
| | - Robert A Schnoll
- Department of Psychiatry and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, 4 Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Phone 215-746-7143 Fax 215-746-7140
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Patterson F, Zaslav DS, Kolman-Taddeo D, Cuesta H, Morrison M, Leone FT, Satti A. Smoking Cessation in Pulmonary Care Subjects: A Mixed Methods Analysis of Treatment-Seeking Participation and Preferences. Respir Care 2016; 62:179-192. [PMID: 27729398 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.04958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND African-American smokers experience disproportionate COPD morbidity. As a front-line COPD behavioral management strategy, smoking cessation is less prevalent among African-American smokers. Identifying barriers and predictors to smoking cessation in this population is important to bridging this disparity. METHODS In this study, the predictors of enrollment and attendance to a 3-session urban hospital smoking cessation program were examined. A retrospective chart review was conducted for all pulmonary clinic patients who smoked and were referred to the cessation program between June 2013 and May 2014. Demographic, smoking behavior, cardiopulmonary, and health status variables were extracted (N = 253). Second, a qualitative assessment of the beliefs and barriers for smoking cessation and physical activity were examined in a sub-sample of the population (n = 41). RESULTS One-hundred forty-seven of the pulmonary subjects (58%) enrolled in the cessation program, and 40 attended all sessions (16% of the total sample). Participants with COPD (odds ratio = 4.65, P = .030), or had a mother who had cancer (odds ratio = 4.49, P = .027), were more likely to attend the program. Qualitatively, pulmonary care patients who wanted to quit smoking and be more physically active cited: strong beliefs about the inability to engage in these behaviors, belief that quitting and increased activity might exacerbate poor health, and an inability to obtain pharmacotherapy as barriers to adopting these behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Smoking cessation program attendance in this sample of mostly African-American smokers was poor. Increased knowledge about cessation benefits and access to full-course pharmacotherapy, particularly in those without a COPD diagnosis and who do not have a maternal history of cancer, may be high-priority targets to promote cessation program uptake in this population. Increased knowledge and access to safe forms of physical activity may also be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freda Patterson
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) in Cardiovascular Health and the Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.
| | - David S Zaslav
- Treatment Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Diana Kolman-Taddeo
- Temple University Lung Center, Temple University Health System, Ambulatory Care Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hillary Cuesta
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary Morrison
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University School of Medicine Episcopal Campus, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Frank T Leone
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Aditi Satti
- Temple University Lung Center, Temple University Health System, Ambulatory Care Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Fiederling J, Shams AZ, Haug U. Validity of self-reported family history of cancer: A systematic literature review on selected cancers. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1449-60. [PMID: 27222437 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Evidence regarding validity of self-reported family history of cancer (FHC) has been reviewed only for breast, colorectal, prostate, ovarian, endometrial and uterine cancer. We aimed to systematically review studies assessing validity of self-reported family history for the remaining cancer sites. We searched the Medline database for relevant studies published by January 2016. We extracted information on the study design and the positive predictive value (PPV) of self-reported FHC, defined as the proportion of reported cancer diagnoses among relatives that was confirmed by a reference standard (as a measure of over-reporting). We also extracted information on sensitivity of self-reported FHC (as a measure of underreporting). Overall, 21 studies were included that provided information on the PPV of self-reported FHC for relevant cancers and four studies also provided information on sensitivity. The PPV was highest (mostly >70%) for pancreatic, lung, thyroid and urinary system cancers and for leukemia and lymphoma, while it was lowest for stomach and liver cancer. Sensitivity was highest (>70%) for pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, brain cancer, melanoma, leukemia and lymphoma. For several cancers, sample sizes were low and the number of studies limited, particularly regarding sensitivity of self-reported FHC. In conclusion, for some cancers (e.g., pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, lymphoma) self-reported FHC can be considered sufficiently valid to be useful, for example, in preventive counseling. For several cancers, it is not sufficiently studied or the pattern is inconsistent. This needs to be taken into account when using self-reported information about FHC in clinical practice or epidemiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Fiederling
- Epidemiological Cancer Registry Baden-Wuerttemberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ahmad Zia Shams
- Epidemiological Cancer Registry Baden-Wuerttemberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Haug
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Bass SB, Muñiz J, Gordon TF, Maurer L, Patterson F. Understanding help-seeking intentions in male military cadets: An application of perceptual mapping. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:413. [PMID: 27184052 PMCID: PMC4869204 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3092-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research suggests that men are less likely to seek help for depression, substance abuse, and stressful life events due to negative perceptions of asking for and receiving help. This may be exacerbated in male military cadets who exhibit higher levels of gender role conflict because of military culture. Methods This exploratory study examined the perceptions of 78 male military cadets toward help-seeking behaviors. Cadets completed the 31-item Barriers to Help Seeking Scale (BHSS) and a component factor analysis was used to generate five composite variables and compare to validated factors. Perceptual mapping and vector modeling, which produce 3-dimensional models of a group’s perceptions, were then used to model how they conceptualize help-seeking. Results Factor analysis showed slightly different groupings than the BHSS, perhaps attributed to different characteristics of respondents, who are situated in a military school compared to general university males. Perceptual maps show that cadets perceive trust of doctors closest to them and help-seeking farthest, supporting the concept that these males have rigid beliefs about having control and its relationship to health seeking. Differences were seen when comparing maps of White and non-White cadets. White cadets positioned themselves far away from all variables, while non-White cadets were closest to “emotional control”. Conclusion To move these cadets toward help-seeking, vector modeling suggests that interventions should focus on their general trust of doctors, accepting lack of control, and decreasing feelings of weakness when asking for help. For non-White cadets a focus on self-reliance may also need to be emphasized. Use of these unique methods resulted in articulation of specific barriers that if addressed early, may have lasting effects on help-seeking behavior as these young men become adults. Future studies are needed to develop and test specific interventions to promote help-seeking among military cadets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bauerle Bass
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, College of Public Health, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Ave., Room 951, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Javier Muñiz
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, College of Public Health, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Ave., Room 951, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Thomas F Gordon
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts-Lowell, 113 Wilder St., Lowell, MA, 01854-3059, USA
| | - Laurie Maurer
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, College of Public Health, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Ave., Room 951, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Freda Patterson
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, 026 North College Ave., Carpenter Sports Building, Newark, DE, 19711, USA
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McDonnell KK, Hollen PJ, Heath J, Andrews JO. Recruiting family dyads facing thoracic cancer surgery: Challenges and lessons learned from a smoking cessation intervention. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2016; 20:199-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Rojewski AM, Baldassarri S, Cooperman NA, Gritz ER, Leone FT, Piper ME, Toll BA, Warren GW. Exploring Issues of Comorbid Conditions in People Who Smoke. Nicotine Tob Res 2016; 18:1684-96. [PMID: 26783291 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Smoking affects comorbid disease outcomes, and patients with comorbid conditions may have unique characteristics that are important to consider when treating tobacco use. However, addressing tobacco in patients being treated for comorbid conditions is not a consistent practice. Recognizing the need for a "call-to-action" to address tobacco use in people with comorbid conditions, the Tobacco Treatment Network within the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT) convened a Comorbidities Workgroup to explore the relationship between smoking and comorbid disease to identify common themes including: the harms associated with continued tobacco use, the frequency of comorbid disease and tobacco use, the potential effect of comorbid disease on the ability to quit tobacco use, the association between tobacco use and suboptimal disease-specific treatment response, and evidence regarding potential approaches to improve addressing tobacco use in patients with comorbid disease. Five candidate conditions (psychiatric, cancer, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and human immunodeficiency virus infected patients) were explored. Across comorbid conditions, smoking adversely affects treatment efficacy and promotes other adverse health conditions. People with comorbid conditions who smoke are motivated to quit and respond to evidence-based smoking cessation treatments. However, tobacco cessation is not regularly incorporated into the clinical care of many individuals with comorbidities. Optimal strategies for addressing tobacco use within each comorbid disease are also not well defined. Further work is needed to disseminate evidence-based care into clinical practice for smokers with comorbid disease and addiction research should consider comorbid conditions as an important construct to explore. IMPLICATIONS This article explores how physical and psychiatric conditions may interact in the treatment of tobacco dependence, and discusses the need for smoking cessation as a critical component of comorbid condition management. Five common comorbid domains-psychiatric, cancer, pulmonary, cardiovascular, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-are highlighted to illustrate how these different conditions might interact with smoking with respect to prevalence and harm, motivation to quit, and cessation treatment utilization and success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana M Rojewski
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Stephen Baldassarri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Nina A Cooperman
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Ellen R Gritz
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Frank T Leone
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Megan E Piper
- Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Benjamin A Toll
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Tobacco Treatment Service, Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale-New Haven, New Haven, CT; Tobacco Treatment and Lung Cancer Screening Programs, Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Graham W Warren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Karvinen K, Bruner B, Truant T. The Teachable Moment After Cancer Diagnosis: Perceptions From Oncology Nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum 2015; 42:602-9. [DOI: 10.1188/15.onf.602-609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Poghosyan H, Bell JF, Joseph JG, Cooley ME. The association between having a first-degree family history of cancer and smoking status. Prev Med 2014; 66:12-6. [PMID: 24875232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A diagnosis of cancer within the family provides an opportunity for smokers to adopt a health-promoting behavior. This study examines the associations between having a first-degree family history of cancer and smoking status using population-based data with a large and diverse sample. METHOD Cross-sectional data from the 2009 California Health Interview Survey on 47,331 adults were analyzed. Sample weights were applied to account for the survey design with results generalizable to non-institutionalized adults in California (27.4 million). RESULTS In 2009, 3.7 million (13.6%) adults were current-smokers, 6.3 million (23.0%) were former smokers and 17.4 million (63.4%) were never-smokers. Nine-million-six-hundred-thousand (35%) had a first-degree family history of cancer. Controlling for all covariates, first-degree family history of cancer was significantly associated with being a current smoker (OR=1.16; 95% CI=1.01-1.35) and to being a former smoker (OR=1.17; 95% CI=1.05-1.30). CONCLUSION In California, although many adults with a first-degree family history of cancer quit smoking, a significant subset still smoke which places them at higher risk for poor health outcomes. This subset represents an important target population for smoking cessation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermine Poghosyan
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
| | - Janice F Bell
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis, 4610 X Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Jill G Joseph
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis, 4610 X Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Mary E Cooley
- Phyllis F. Cantor Center for Research in Nursing and Patient Care Services, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Xu Y, Testerman LS, Owen JE, Bantum EO, Thornton AA, Stanton AL. Modeling intention to participate in face-to-face and online lung cancer support groups. Psychooncology 2013; 23:555-61. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.3449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangmu Xu
- Department of Psychology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda CA USA
| | | | - Jason E. Owen
- Department of Psychology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda CA USA
| | - Erin O. Bantum
- Cancer Research Center of Hawaii; University of Hawai'i at Manoa; Honolulu HI USA
| | - Andrea A. Thornton
- Resnick Neuropsychiatric Hospital; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Annette L. Stanton
- Psychology & Psychiatry/Biobehavioral Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
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Schnoll RA, Wileyto EP, Leone FT, Langer C, Lackman R, Evans T. Is a cancer diagnosis a teachable moment for the patient's relative who smokes? Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24:1339-46. [PMID: 23605220 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined a cancer diagnosis, versus orthopedic surgery, as a teachable moment for recruiting smokers and treating nicotine dependence among patients' relatives. METHODS Cancer patients and, for comparison, orthopedic patients at the University of Pennsylvania Health System were approached for referrals of relatives for a smoking cessation program, which involved behavioral counseling and nicotine patches. Primary outcomes were rate of program enrollment and rate of smoking abstinence. Potential mediators of smoking cessation were explored (e.g., treatment adherence, depression, anxiety). Two hundred and thirty-four relatives (113 cancer, 121 orthopedic) were considered eligible for the cessation program and comprised the study sample. RESULTS Relatives of oncology patients were significantly more likely to enroll in the smoking cessation program, vs. orthopedic relatives (75 % vs. 60%; OR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.07-3.61, p = .03), but they were not significantly more likely to remain in the program (61% vs. 52%) or quit smoking (19% vs. 26%; p's > .05). Compared to orthopedic relatives, oncology relatives showed significantly lower nicotine patch adherence and significantly greater levels of negative affect and depression and anxiety symptoms during treatment (p's < .05). Further, orthopedic relatives, compared to oncology relatives, showed a greater reduction in the perceived benefits of smoking (p = .06), which was significantly associated with abstinence (p = .02). CONCLUSIONS While a family member's cancer diagnosis may serve as a teachable moment for a smoker to enroll in a smoking cessation treatment program, high levels of psychological distress and perceptions of the benefits of smoking and low levels of treatment adherence may undermine successful abstinence among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Schnoll
- Department of Psychiatry and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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21
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Bastian LA, Fish LJ, Peterson BL, Biddle AK, Garst J, Lyna P, Molner S, Bepler G, Kelley M, Keefe FJ, McBride CM. Assessment of the Impact of Adjunctive Proactive Telephone Counseling to Promote Smoking Cessation among Lung Cancer Patients' Social Networks. Am J Health Promot 2013; 27:181-90. [DOI: 10.4278/ajhp.101122-quan-387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. When a patient is diagnosed with lung cancer, members of his/her social network may be more likely to engage in smoking cessation efforts. Proactive telephone counseling combined with a tailored self-directed intervention may be more effective at promoting smoking cessation than a tailored self-directed intervention alone. Design. Randomized controlled trial. Setting. Four clinical sites. Subjects. Current smokers who are family members and close friends of patients with lung cancer. Intervention. Six counselor-initiated counseling calls using motivational interviewing techniques and focusing on teaching adaptive coping skills based on the transactional model of stress and coping along with tailored self-directed materials (including nicotine patches, if not contraindicated) (n = 245) vs. tailored self-directed materials (including nicotine patches, if not contraindicated) (n = 251). Measures. Participants were surveyed at baseline and at 2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months postintervention. The outcome was 7-day point prevalent abstinence. Analysis. The objective of this study was to test for arm differences in smoking cessation rates at 2 weeks and 6 months postintervention (primary) and at 12 months postintervention (secondary). Results. We found no overall effect of the proactive intervention on cessation rates. Among younger participants (age <50), the cessation rate in the intervention group was higher than in the control group at 2 weeks postintervention (16% vs. 4%, p = .046). For older participants (age >50), there were no group differences. Conclusion. Proactive telephone counseling focusing on adaptive coping skills was difficult to implement among smokers in lung cancer patients' social network. Although this study did not demonstrate any added benefit to cessation rates, this null finding may be a result of an intervention that was weaker than intended, owing to difficulties in completing the counseling phone calls. We discuss lessons learned and areas for future research in this special population.
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Tseng TS, Lin HY, Moody-Thomas S, Martin M, Chen T. Who tended to continue smoking after cancer diagnosis: the national health and nutrition examination survey 1999-2008. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:784. [PMID: 22974404 PMCID: PMC3528617 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been estimated that there are approximately 12 million cancer survivors in the United States. Continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis is linked to adverse effects among cancer survivors on overall survival, treatment effectiveness, and quality of life. Little is known about who is more likely to quit smoking after his/her cancer diagnosis. The objective of this study is to evaluate factors associated with smoking cessation in cancer survivors, which to date has not been well studied. Method The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2008 surveys were used in this study. A total of 2,374 cancer survivors aged 20 and over with valid smoking status in the NHANES 99–08 survey were included in this study. Among them, 566 cancer survivors who regularly smoked at the time of their cancer diagnosis were included in the analyses. Results Around 50.6% of cancer survivors smoked regularly prior to their cancer diagnosis and only 36.1% of them quit smoking after their cancer diagnosis. Racial disparity was observed in smoking cessation among cancer survivors. Hispanics (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.10-0.57) were less likely to quit smoking than Whites after their cancer diagnosis. Conclusion Two-thirds of cancer survivors continued smoking after cancer diagnosis. Our study observed that the high risk group of continued smokers among cancer survivors is made up of those who are female, younger, Hispanic, with longer smoking history, underweight or with normal weight and without smoking-related cancer. These findings suggest that smoking cessation for cancer survivors should target on the high risk subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Sung Tseng
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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Costello MJ, Logel C, Fong GT, Zanna MP, McDonald PW. Perceived risk and quitting behaviors: results from the ITC 4-country survey. Am J Health Behav 2012; 36:681-92. [PMID: 22584095 PMCID: PMC4009356 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.36.5.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To rigorously test the relation between perceived risk (i.e., belief about the likelihood of harm) and quitting smoking. METHODS Data from a longitudinal study with a nonrestrictive sample of smokers (N = 4307) from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia were examined to predict quitting behaviors at 8-12 months. RESULTS Perceived risk predicted plans to quit, quit attempts, and, to some extent, sustained quitting. The relation was stronger for relatively simple (e.g., plans to quit) than for complex behaviors (e.g., sustained quitting). CONCLUSION Perceived risk plays a significant role in predicting quitting smoking, more so for relatively simple behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jean Costello
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
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Han MA, Oh MG, Choi IJ, Park SR, Ryu KW, Nam BH, Cho SJ, Kim CG, Lee JH, Kim YW. Association of family history with cancer recurrence and survival in patients with gastric cancer. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:701-8. [PMID: 22271486 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.35.3078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Family history of gastric cancer is a major risk factor for the disease. In this study, we investigated the prognoses of patients with gastric cancer with a family history. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data from 1,273 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who had undergone gastrectomy between 2001 and 2005 at a tertiary cancer center hospital. A positive family history was defined as a self-reported history of cancer in first- or second-degree relatives. Patients were followed up until December 2009 for death or recurrence. Clinicopathologic characteristics were compared by family history. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards regressions were applied for disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Of 1,273 patients, 263 patients (20.6%) had first-degree relatives with a history of gastric cancer. First-degree family history of gastric cancer was associated with better DFS, RFS, and OS (P = .012, .006, and .005, respectively). In patients with stage I or II gastric cancer, first-degree family history was not associated with survival. However, it was associated with a reduced risk of recurrence or mortality in patients with stage III or IV gastric cancer. Compared with patients without a family history, the adjusted hazard ratios for those with a first-degree family history of gastric cancer were 0.49 (95% CI, 0.29 to 0.84) for DFS, 0.51 (95% CI, 0.30 to 0.87) for RFS, and 0.47 (95% CI, 0.26 to 0.84) for OS in patients with stage III or IV gastric cancer. CONCLUSION A first-degree family history of gastric cancer is associated with improved survival after curative-intent surgery in patients with stage III or IV gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ah Han
- National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 410-769, Republic of Korea
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Kang JM, Shin DW, Kwon YM, Park SM, Park MS, Park JH, Son KY, Cho BL. Stomach cancer screening and preventive behaviors in relatives of gastric cancer patients. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:3518-25. [PMID: 21941419 PMCID: PMC3163250 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i30.3518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors among the relatives of patients with gastric cancer [i.e., gastric cancer relatives (GCRs)].
METHODS: We examined the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 (KNHANES III) database and compared the gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors of GCRs (n = 261) with those of non-GCRs (n = 454) and controls without a family history of cancer (n = 2842).
RESULTS: The GCRs were more likely to undergo gastric cancer screening compared with the control group (39.2% vs 32.3%, adjusted odds ratio: 1.43, CI: 1.05-1.95), although the absolute screening rate was low. Dietary patterns and smoking rates did not differ significantly between the groups, and a high proportion of GCRs reported inappropriate dietary habits (i.e., approximately 95% consumed excessive sodium, 30% were deficient in vitamin C, and 85% were deficient in dietary fiber).
CONCLUSION: The gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors of GCRs have yet to be improved. To increase awareness among GCRs, systematic family education programs should be implemented.
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