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Zhan RR, Wang D, Zhang XL. Progress in research of TNF-like cytokine 1A as a therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel disease. WORLD CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIGESTOLOGY 2024; 32:397-404. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i6.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
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Patel H, Harris RA, Qian JH, Oezguen N, Watson A, Szigeti RG, Cho S, Ruan W, Britto S, Opekun A, Preidis G, Kellermayer R. Genetic Variation Between Small Bowel and Colon-Predominant Crohn's Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:1069-1071. [PMID: 38369131 PMCID: PMC11127623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Halee Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - R Alan Harris
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Justin H Qian
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Numan Oezguen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Ashleigh Watson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Reka G Szigeti
- Clinical Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas
| | - Stanley Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Wenly Ruan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Savini Britto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Antone Opekun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Geoffrey Preidis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Richard Kellermayer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas; United States Department of Agriculture Children's Nutrition and Research Center, Houston, Texas.
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Zervou MI, Tarlatzis BC, Grimbizis GF, Spandidos DA, Niewold TB, Goulielmos GN. Association of endometriosis with Sjögren's syndrome: Genetic insights (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:20. [PMID: 38186322 PMCID: PMC10781419 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with a history of endometriosis have an increased risk of developing various autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis and celiac disease. There is a potential association between endometriosis and an increased susceptibility for Sjögren's syndrome (SS). SS is a common chronic, inflammatory, systemic, autoimmune, multifactorial disease of complex pathology, with genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors contributing to the development of this condition. It occurs in 0.5‑1% of the population, is characterized by the presence of ocular dryness, lymphocytic infiltrations and contributes to neurological, gastrointestinal, vascular and dermatological manifestations. Endometriosis is an inflammatory, estrogen‑dependent, multifactorial, heterogeneous gynecological disease, affecting ≤10% of reproductive‑age women. It is characterized by the occurrence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, mainly in the pelvic cavity, and is associated with pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, deep dyspareunia and either subfertility or infertility. It is still unclear whether SS appears as a secondary response to endometriosis, or it is developed due to any potential shared mechanisms of these conditions. The aim of the present review was to explore further the biological basis only of the co‑occurrence of these disorders but not their association at clinical basis, focusing on the analysis of the partially shared genetic background between endometriosis and SS, and the clarification of the possible similarities in the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms and the relevant molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Zervou
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71403 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Basil C. Tarlatzis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigoris F. Grimbizis
- Unit for Human Reproduction, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Papageorgiou' General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71403 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Timothy B. Niewold
- Barbara Volcker Center for Women and Rheumatic Disease, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - George N. Goulielmos
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71403 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
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Tyebally R, Xue A, Powell JE. The potential clinical impact of cell type-specific genetic regulation: Crohn's disease. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1474. [PMID: 37983917 PMCID: PMC10659767 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex diseases are heterogenous due to variation in their genetic and environmental underpinnings, leading to varied treatment responses. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) integrated with single-cell expression quantitative trait loci analyses (eQTL) can pinpoint cell-type specific candidate disease-relevant genes and pathways. This knowledge can be applied to patient stratification and novel therapeutic target identification. Here, we describe the translational potential of cell-type specific genetic regulation, using Crohn's disease as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Tyebally
- Translational GenomicsGarvan Institute of Medical Research, DarlinghurstSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures InstituteUniversity of New South Wales, KingstonSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Angli Xue
- Translational GenomicsGarvan Institute of Medical Research, DarlinghurstSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Joseph E. Powell
- Translational GenomicsGarvan Institute of Medical Research, DarlinghurstSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures InstituteUniversity of New South Wales, KingstonSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Jan RM, Al-Numan HH, Al-Twaty NH, Alrayes N, Alsufyani HA, Alaifan MA, Alhussaini BH, Shaik NA, Awan Z, Qari Y, Saadah OI, Banaganapalli B, Mosli MH, Elango R. Rare variant burden analysis from exomes of three consanguineous families reveals LILRB1 and PRSS3 as potential key proteins in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1164305. [PMID: 37215724 PMCID: PMC10196255 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1164305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by severe inflammation and mucosal destruction of the intestine. The specific, complex molecular processes underlying IBD pathogenesis are not well understood. Therefore, this study is aimed at identifying and uncovering the role of key genetic factors in IBD. Method The whole exome sequences (WESs) of three consanguineous Saudi families having many siblings with IBD were analyzed to discover the causal genetic defect. Then, we used a combination of artificial intelligence approaches, such as functional enrichment analysis using immune pathways and a set of computational functional validation tools for gene expression, immune cell expression analyses, phenotype aggregation, and the system biology of innate immunity, to highlight potential IBD genes that play an important role in its pathobiology. Results Our findings have shown a causal group of extremely rare variants in the LILRB1 (Q53L, Y99N, W351G, D365A, and Q376H) and PRSS3 (F4L and V25I) genes in IBD-affected siblings. Findings from amino acids in conserved domains, tertiary-level structural deviations, and stability analysis have confirmed that these variants have a negative impact on structural features in the corresponding proteins. Intensive computational structural analysis shows that both genes have very high expression in the gastrointestinal tract and immune organs and are involved in a variety of innate immune system pathways. Since the innate immune system detects microbial infections, any defect in this system could lead to immune functional impairment contributing to IBD. Conclusion The present study proposes a novel strategy for unraveling the complex genetic architecture of IBD by integrating WES data of familial cases, with computational analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Mohammed Jan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Husain Al-Numan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Hassan Al-Twaty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuha Alrayes
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel A. Alsufyani
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari A. Alaifan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bakr H. Alhussaini
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Ahmad Shaik
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhier Awan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Qari
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar I. Saadah
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Babajan Banaganapalli
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Hisham Mosli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramu Elango
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Shimodaira Y, More SK, Hamade H, Blackwood AY, Abraham JP, Thomas LS, Miller JH, Stamps DT, Castanon SL, Jacob N, Ha CWY, Devkota S, Shih DQ, Targan SR, Michelsen KS. DR3 Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis and Regeneration After Intestinal Barrier Injury. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:83-105. [PMID: 37011811 PMCID: PMC10213104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily member tumor necrosis factor-like protein 1A (TL1A) has been associated with the susceptibility and severity of inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the function of the tumor necrosis factor-like protein 1A and its receptor death receptor 3 (DR3) in the development of intestinal inflammation is incompletely understood. We investigated the role of DR3 expressed by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) during intestinal homeostasis, tissue injury, and regeneration. METHODS Clinical phenotype and histologic inflammation were assessed in C57BL/6 (wild-type), Tl1a-/- and Dr3-/- mice in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. We generated mice with an IEC-specific deletion of DR3 (Dr3ΔIEC) and assessed intestinal inflammation and epithelial barrier repair. In vivo intestinal permeability was assessed by fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran uptake. Proliferation of IECs was analyzed by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. Expression of DR3 messenger RNA was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Small intestinal organoids were used to determine ex vivo regenerative potential. RESULTS Dr3-/- mice developed more severe colonic inflammation than wild-type mice in DSS-induced colitis with significantly impaired IEC regeneration. Homeostatic proliferation of IECs was increased in Dr3-/- mice, but blunted during regeneration. Cellular localization and expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 were altered, leading to increased homeostatic intestinal permeability. Dr3ΔIEC mice recapitulated the phenotype observed in Dr3-/- mice with increased intestinal permeability and IEC proliferation under homeostatic conditions and impaired tissue repair and increased bacterial translocation during DSS-induced colitis. Impaired regenerative potential and altered zonula occludens-1 localization also were observed in Dr3ΔIEC enteroids. CONCLUSIONS Our findings establish a novel function of DR3 in IEC homeostasis and postinjury regeneration independent of its established role in innate lymphoid cells and T-helper cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Shimodaira
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shyam K More
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hussein Hamade
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anna Y Blackwood
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jay P Abraham
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lisa S Thomas
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jordan H Miller
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dalton T Stamps
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sofi L Castanon
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Noam Jacob
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Connie W Y Ha
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Suzanne Devkota
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - David Q Shih
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Stephan R Targan
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kathrin S Michelsen
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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Dai Z, Zhang J, Xu W, Du P, Wang Z, Liu Y. Single-Cell Sequencing-Based Validation of T Cell-Associated Diagnostic Model Genes and Drug Response in Crohn's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076054. [PMID: 37047025 PMCID: PMC10093907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a highly heterogeneous autoimmune disease with a unique inflammatory phenotype of T cells at the lesion site. We aim to further explore the diagnosis of Crohn's disease and drug prediction of T cell marker gene expression. We obtained single-cell expression profile data from 22 CDs or normal samples and performed cell annotation and cellular communication analysis. Through the intersection of T cell marker genes, differential genes, and WGCNA results, we identified T cell-specific key genes and their immune landscapes and potential pathogenesis, and validated them across multiple datasets and patient tissue samples. We also explored the differentiation characteristics of genes by pseudo-temporal analysis and assessed their diagnostic performance and drug sensitivity by molecular docking. Finally, we extended this study to the prognosis of IBD-associated colon cancer. TNF-centered 5-gene diagnostic model not only has excellent diagnostic efficacy, but is also closely associated with KRAS, P53, and IL6/JAK/STAT3 pathways and physiological processes, such as EMT, coagulation, and apoptosis. In addition, this diagnostic model may have potential synergistic immunotherapeutic effects, with positive correlations with immune checkpoints such as CTLA4, CD86, PDCD1LG2, and CD40. Molecular docking demonstrated that BIRC3 and ANXA1 have strong binding properties to Azathioprine and Glucoocorticoid. Furthermore, the 5-gene model may suggest antagonism to IFX and prognosis for colon cancer associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Single-cell sequencing targeting T cell-related features in patients with Crohn's disease may aid in new diagnostic decisions, as well as the initial exploration of high-potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujiang Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhongchuan Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
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Tribolet L, Brice AM, Fulford TS, Layton DS, Godfrey DI, Bean AGD, Stewart CR. Identification of a novel role for the immunomodulator ILRUN in the development of several T cell subsets in mice. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152380. [PMID: 37031606 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and lipid regulator with UBA-like and NBR1-like domains (ILRUN) is a protein-encoding gene associated with innate immune signaling, lipid metabolism and cancer. In the context of innate immunity, ILRUN inhibits IRF3-mediated transcription of antimicrobial and proinflammatory cytokines by inducing degradation of the transcriptional coactivators CBP and p300. There remains a paucity of information, however, regarding the innate immune roles of ILRUN beyond in vitro analyses. To address this, we utilize a knockout mouse model to investigate the effect of ILRUN on cytokine expression in splenocytes and on the development of immune cell populations in the spleen and thymus. We show elevated production of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 cytokines in ILRUN-deficient splenocytes following stimulation with the innate immune ligands polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid or lipopolysaccharide. Differences were also observed in the populations of several T cell subsets, including regulatory, mucosal-associated invariant and natural killer. These data identify novel functions for ILRUN in the development of certain immune cell populations and support previous in vitro findings that ILRUN negatively regulates the synthesis of pathogen-stimulated cytokines. This establishes the ILRUN knockout mouse model as a valuable resource for further study of the functions of ILRUN in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Tribolet
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aaron M Brice
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thomas S Fulford
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel S Layton
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew G D Bean
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cameron R Stewart
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia.
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