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Bakhshalizadeh S, Afkhami F, Bell KM, Robevska G, van den Bergen J, Cronin S, Jaillard S, Ayers KL, Kumar P, Siebold C, Xiao Z, Tate EW, Danaei S, Farzadi L, Shahbazi S, Sinclair AH, Tucker EJ. Diverse genetic causes of amenorrhea in an ethnically homogeneous cohort and an evolving approach to diagnosis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 587:112212. [PMID: 38521400 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterised by amenorrhea associated with elevated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) under the age of 40 years and affects 1-3.7% women. Genetic factors explain 20-30% of POI cases, but most causes remain unknown despite genomic advancements. DESIGN We used whole exome sequencing (WES) in four Iranian families, validated variants via Sanger sequencing, and conducted the Acyl-cLIP assay to measure HHAT enzyme activity. RESULTS Despite ethnic homogeneity, WES revealed diverse genetic causes, including a novel homozygous nonsense variant in SYCP2L, impacting synaptonemal complex (SC) assembly, in the first family. Interestingly, the second family had two independent causes for amenorrhea - the mother had POI due to a novel homozygous loss-of-function variant in FANCM (required for chromosomal stability) and her daughter had primary amenorrhea due to a novel homozygous GNRHR (required for gonadotropic signalling) frameshift variant. WES analysis also provided cytogenetic insights. WES revealed one individual was in fact 46, XY and had a novel homozygous missense variant of uncertain significance in HHAT, potentially responsible for complete sex reversal although functional assays did not support impaired HHAT activity. In the remaining individual, WES indicated likely mosaic Turners with the majority of X chromosome variants having an allelic balance of ∼85% or ∼15%. Microarray validated the individual had 90% 45,XO. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the diverse causes of amenorrhea in a small, isolated ethnic cohort highlighting how a genetic cause in one individual may not clarify familial cases. We propose that, in time, genomic sequencing may become a single universal test required for the diagnosis of infertility conditions such as POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fateme Afkhami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katrina M Bell
- Department of Bioinformatics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Sara Cronin
- Cyto-Molecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sylvie Jaillard
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France; CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France
| | - Katie L Ayers
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Christian Siebold
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Zhangping Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Edward W Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Shahla Danaei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Laya Farzadi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Shahbazi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andrew H Sinclair
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elena J Tucker
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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2
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Long P, Wang L, Tan H, Quan R, Hu Z, Zeng M, Deng Z, Huang H, Greenbaum J, Deng H, Xiao H. Oligogenic basis of premature ovarian insufficiency: an observational study. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:32. [PMID: 38310280 PMCID: PMC10837925 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01351-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of premature ovarian insufficiency, that is, the loss of ovarian activity before 40 years of age, is complex. Studies suggest that genetic factors are involved in 20-25% of cases. The aim of this study was to explore the oligogenic basis of premature ovarian insufficiency. RESULTS Whole-exome sequencing of 93 patients with POI and whole-genome sequencing of 465 controls were performed. In the gene-burden analysis, multiple genetic variants, including those associated with DNA damage repair and meiosis, were more common in participants with premature ovarian insufficiency than in controls. The ORVAL-platform analysis confirmed the pathogenicity of the RAD52 and MSH6 combination. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that oligogenic inheritance is an important cause of premature ovarian insufficiency and provide insights into the biological mechanisms underlying premature ovarian insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Long
- Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Le Wang
- Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Biomedical Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Hangjing Tan
- Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruping Quan
- Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zihao Hu
- Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minghua Zeng
- Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziheng Deng
- Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hualin Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jonathan Greenbaum
- Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hongwen Deng
- Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hongmei Xiao
- Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Center of Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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3
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Wang X, Chen ZJ. A decade of discovery: the stunning progress of premature ovarian insufficiency research in China. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:27-39. [PMID: 35639630 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one of key aspects of ovarian infertility. Due to early cession of ovarian function, POI imposes great challenges on the physiological and psychological health of women, and becomes a common cause of female infertility. In the worldwide, there has been a special outpouring of concern for about four million reproductive-aged women suffering from POI in China. Driven by advances in new technologies and efforts invested by Chinses researchers, understanding about POI has constantly been progressing over the past decade. Here, we comprehensively summarize and review the landmark development and achievements from POI studies in China spanning 2011 to 2020, which aims to provide key insights from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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4
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OUP accepted manuscript. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2223-2235. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Louwers YV, Visser JA. Shared Genetics Between Age at Menopause, Early Menopause, POI and Other Traits. Front Genet 2021; 12:676546. [PMID: 34691139 PMCID: PMC8529948 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.676546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive ageing leading to menopause is characterized by depletion of follicles and its regulating mechanisms are only partly understood. Early age at menopause and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) are associated with several other traits such as cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis and diabetes. In large cohorts of Northern European women hundreds of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified to be associated with age at menopause. These SNPs are located in genes enriched for immune and mitochondrial function as well as DNA repair and maintenance processes. Genetic predisposition to earlier menopause might also increase the risk of other associated traits. Increased risk for cardiovascular disease in women has been associated with age at menopause lowering SNPs. Pleiotropy between early age at menopause and increased mortality from coronary artery disease has been observed, implicating that genetic variants affecting age at menopause also affect the risk for coronary deaths. This review will discuss the shared genetics of age at menopause with other traits. Mendelian Randomization studies implicate causal genetic association between age at menopause and age at menarche, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, BMD and type 2 diabetes. Although the shared biological pathways remain to be determined, mechanisms that regulate duration of estrogen exposure remain an important focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne V Louwers
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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6
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Henarejos-Castillo I, Aleman A, Martinez-Montoro B, Gracia-Aznárez FJ, Sebastian-Leon P, Romeu M, Remohi J, Patiño-Garcia A, Royo P, Alkorta-Aranburu G, Diaz-Gimeno P. Machine Learning-Based Approach Highlights the Use of a Genomic Variant Profile for Precision Medicine in Ovarian Failure. J Pers Med 2021; 11:609. [PMID: 34199109 PMCID: PMC8305607 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian failure (OF) is a common cause of infertility usually diagnosed as idiopathic, with genetic causes accounting for 10-25% of cases. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) may enable identifying contributing genes and variant profiles to stratify the population into subtypes of OF. This study sought to identify a blood-based gene variant profile using accumulation of rare variants to promote precision medicine in fertility preservation programs. A case-control (n = 118, n = 32, respectively) WES study was performed in which only non-synonymous rare variants <5% minor allele frequency (MAF; in the IGSR) and coverage ≥ 100× were considered. A profile of 66 variants of uncertain significance was used for training an unsupervised machine learning model to separate cases from controls (97.2% sensitivity, 99.2% specificity) and stratify the population into two subtypes of OF (A and B) (93.31% sensitivity, 96.67% specificity). Model testing within the IGSR female population predicted 0.5% of women as subtype A and 2.4% as subtype B. This is the first study linking OF to the accumulation of rare variants and generates a new potential taxonomy supporting application of this approach for precision medicine in fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Henarejos-Castillo
- IVI Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 1ª, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.-C.); (A.A.); (P.S.-L.)
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Aleman
- IVI Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 1ª, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.-C.); (A.A.); (P.S.-L.)
| | - Begoña Martinez-Montoro
- IVI-RMA Pamplona, Reproductive Medicine, C/Sangüesa, Número 15-Planta Baja, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (B.M.-M.); (P.R.)
| | - Francisco Javier Gracia-Aznárez
- CIMA Lab Diagnostics, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avda Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (A.P.-G.); (G.A.-A.)
| | - Patricia Sebastian-Leon
- IVI Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 1ª, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.-C.); (A.A.); (P.S.-L.)
- IVI-RMA Pamplona, Reproductive Medicine, C/Sangüesa, Número 15-Planta Baja, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (B.M.-M.); (P.R.)
| | - Monica Romeu
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Jose Remohi
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- IVI-RMA Valencia, Reproductive Medicine, Plaça de la Policia Local, 3, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Patiño-Garcia
- CIMA Lab Diagnostics, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avda Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (A.P.-G.); (G.A.-A.)
- Laboratorio de Pediatría-Unidad de Genética Clínica, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avda Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Royo
- IVI-RMA Pamplona, Reproductive Medicine, C/Sangüesa, Número 15-Planta Baja, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (B.M.-M.); (P.R.)
| | - Gorka Alkorta-Aranburu
- CIMA Lab Diagnostics, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avda Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (A.P.-G.); (G.A.-A.)
| | - Patricia Diaz-Gimeno
- IVI Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 1ª, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.-C.); (A.A.); (P.S.-L.)
- IVI-RMA Pamplona, Reproductive Medicine, C/Sangüesa, Número 15-Planta Baja, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (B.M.-M.); (P.R.)
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Tinjić S, Abazović D, Ljubić D, Vojvodić D, Božanović T, Ibrišimović M, Marković S, Ljubić A. Influence of Autologous In Vitro Activation of Ovaries by Stem Cells and Growth Factors on Endocrine and Reproductive Function of Patients with Ovarian Insufficiency-A Clinical Trial Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2021; 15:178-188. [PMID: 34155864 PMCID: PMC8233920 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2020.134678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Premature ovarian failure (POF) can be found in 1% of women at the age of 35-40, mostly due to unknown causes. PI3K-Akt signaling is associated with both ovarian function and growth of primordial follicles. In this
study, we examined the effects of autologous in vitro ovarian activation with stem cells and autologous growth factors
on reproductive and endocrine function in patients with ovarian impairment. Materials and Methods: The longitudinal prospective observational study included 50 patients (between 30 and 50
years) with a diagnosis of POF and infertility. This multicenter study was performed at Jevremova Special Hospital in
Belgrade, Saint James Hospital (Malta), and Remedica Skoplje Hospital, between 2015 and 2018. All patients went
through numerous laboratory testings, including hormonal status. The autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem
cells (BMSCs) and growth factors were used in combination for activation of ovarian tissue before its re-transplantation. The software package SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis of the results. Results: Differences in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and progesterone (PG) hormone concentrations before and after 3, 6, and 12 months post-transplantation were tested in correlation
with the volume of transplanted ovarian tissue. A significant correlation (P=0.029) was found between the change in
E2 level after 3 months and the volume of re-transplanted tissues. Also after re-transplantation, 64% of the patients
had follicles resulting in aspiration of oocytes in 25% of positive women with follicles. Conclusion: The SEGOVA method could potentially solve many human reproductive problems in the future due to
the large number of patients diagnosed with POF, as well as the possibility of delaying menopause, thus improving
the quality of life and general health (Registration number: NCT04009473).
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Affiliation(s)
- Suada Tinjić
- Department of Gynecology, Polyclinic, Korak do Života, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Džihan Abazović
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Remedika Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušica Ljubić
- Department of Gynecology, MediGroup Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danilo Vojvodić
- Faculty of Medicine, Military Medical School, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Božanović
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirza Ibrišimović
- Department of Gynecology, Polyclinic, Korak do Života, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Department of Medical Biology and Human Physiology, Sarajevo Medical School, University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sergije Marković
- Department of Histology, Medical School, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Aleksandar Ljubić
- Department of Gynecology, Dubrovnik International University, Dubrovnik, Croatia
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Leigh Simpson
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,2 Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,3 Reproductive Genetic Innovations, Northbrook, IL, USA
| | - Steven J Ory
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,4 IVF Florida, Reproductive Associates, Margate, FL, USA
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9
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Primary ovarian insufficiency associated with autosomal abnormalities: from chromosome to genome-wide and beyond. Menopause 2018; 23:806-15. [PMID: 27045702 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathophysiology of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is not well elucidated. Many candidate genetic aberrations are on the X-chromosome; on the contrary, many genetic perturbations are also on the autosomes. The aim of this review is to summarize the knowledge of genetic aberrations on autosomes from chromosomal rearrangement, gene abnormality, genome-wide association studies and epigenetics. METHODS Searches of electronic databases were performed. Articles and abstracts relevant to POI and genetic studies associated with autosomes were summarized in this interpretive literature review. RESULTS Various genetic aberrations located on the autosomes were found. These abnormalities are from chromosomal rearrangement, which might disrupt the critical region on chromosome loci or disturbance of the meiosis process. Specific gene aberrations are also identified. The genes that have functions in ovarian development, folliculogenesis, and steroidogenesis on autosomes are proposed to be involved from gene association studies. Gene-to-gene interaction or epistasis also might play a role in POI occurrence. Recently, genetic techniques to study the whole genome have emerged. Although no specific conclusion has been made, the studies using genome-wide association to find the specific aberration throughout the genome in POI have been published. Epigenetic mechanisms might also take part in the pathogenesis of POI. CONCLUSIONS The considerably complex process of POI is still not well understood. Further research is needed for gene functional validation studies to confirm the contribution of genes in POI, or additional genome-wide association studies using novel clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/Cas9 technique might make these mechanisms more comprehensible.
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10
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Zhao H, Lv Y, Li L, Chen ZJ. Genetic Studies on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2016; 37:56-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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11
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Laisk-Podar T, Lindgren CM, Peters M, Tapanainen JS, Lambalk CB, Salumets A, Mägi R. Ovarian Physiology and GWAS: Biobanks, Biology, and Beyond. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:516-528. [PMID: 27221566 PMCID: PMC7610559 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian function is central to female fertility, and several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been carried out to elucidate the genetic background of traits and disorders that reflect and affect ovarian physiology. While GWAS have been successful in reporting numerous genetic associations and highlighting involved pathways relevant to reproductive aging, for ovarian disorders, such as premature ovarian insufficiency and polycystic ovary syndrome, research has lagged behind due to insufficient study sample size. Novel approaches to study design and analysis methods that help to fit GWAS findings into biological context will improve our knowledge about genetics governing ovarian function in fertility and disease, and provide input for clinical tools and better patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triin Laisk-Podar
- Women's Clinic, University of Tartu, Tartu 51014, Estonia; Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu 50410, Estonia.
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Maire Peters
- Women's Clinic, University of Tartu, Tartu 51014, Estonia; Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu 50410, Estonia
| | - Juha S Tapanainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Oulu, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu 90029, Finland
| | - Cornelis B Lambalk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam 1007 MB, Netherlands
| | - Andres Salumets
- Women's Clinic, University of Tartu, Tartu 51014, Estonia; Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu 50410, Estonia; Institute of Bio- and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
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12
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Hou N, Chen S, Chen F, Jiang M, Zhang J, Yang Y, Zhu B, Bai X, Hu Y, Huang H, Xu C. Association between premature ovarian failure, polymorphisms in MTHFR and MTRR genes and serum homocysteine concentration. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 32:407-13. [PMID: 26874989 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the association between premature ovarian failure (POF), MTHFR C677T/A1298C and MTRR A66G genotypes and serum homocysteine (Hcy) concentration. A prospective study was conducted in Chinese women, which included POF patients (n = 180) and controls (n = 195). Peripheral blood samples were used to determine MTHFR C677T/A1298C and MTRR A66G genotypes, and serum Hcy and sex hormone concentrations. Results showed that serum Hcy concentrations of POF patients were significantly higher than those of controls (P < 0.0001). In POF patients, serum Hcy concentrations were significantly correlated with oestradiol and FSH concentrations (r = -0.174, P = 0.037 and r = +0.238, P = 0.006, respectively). There were no significant differences in the distributions of MTHFR C677T/A1298C or MTRR A66G genotypes between the two groups. However, these genetic variants influenced serum Hcy concentrations in POF patients, especially for MTRR 66 AA/AG/GG genotypes, which were significantly correlated with the patients' Hcy concentrations (τ = 0.166, P = 0.033). These results suggest that serum Hcy concentrations in Chinese POF patients are increased and correlated with serum oestradiol/FSH concentrations. In conclusion, MTHFR C667T/A1298C and MTRR A66G genotypes are not associated with POF development, but they affect the patients' serum Hcy concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Hou
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou 310006, China; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Songchang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou 310006, China; International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou 310006, China; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Minmin Jiang
- Institute of Public Administration, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Junyu Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou 310006, China; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiaoxia Bai
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yuting Hu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou 310006, China; International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Chenming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou 310006, China; International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Wang H, Li G, Zhang J, Gao F, Li W, Qin Y, Chen ZJ. Novel WT1 Missense Mutations in Han Chinese Women with Premature Ovarian Failure. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13983. [PMID: 26358501 PMCID: PMC4566091 DOI: 10.1038/srep13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a heterogeneous disease. Though dozens of candidate genes have been identified for the genetic etiology of POF, it is largely unexplained in majority of patients. Recently, Wt1+/R394W mice was found to present POF-like phenotype, which indicates that WT1 might be a plausible candidate gene for non-syndromic POF. The coding region of WT1 gene was screened in 384 patients with POF and 6 novel variations were identified, including two missense mutations (p. Pro126Ser in exon1 and p. Arg370His in exon7) and four intronic variants (c.647-27C > T, c.647-13G > C, c.647-13G > A in intron1 and c.950 + 14T > C in intron 4). In vitro experiments showed that both mutant p. Pro126Ser and p. Arg370His repressed the expression of Amh and Cdh1, and induced the expression of Fshr and Cyp19 in mRNA level (P < 0.05). The expression changes of AMH, FSHR, CYP19 and CDH1 were confirmed by western blot. These genes (AMH, FSHR, CYP19 and CDH1) are required for granular cells (GCs) proliferation, differentiation and oocyte-GCs interaction. The novel mutant p. P126S and p. R370H in the WT1 gene potentially impaired GCs differentiation and oocyte-GCs interaction, which might result in loss of follicles prematurely. Therefore, WT1 is a plausible causal gene for POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Reproduction Biology, Beijing, China.,Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Reproduction Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Qin Y, Jiao X, Simpson JL, Chen ZJ. Genetics of primary ovarian insufficiency: new developments and opportunities. Hum Reprod Update 2015; 21:787-808. [PMID: 26243799 PMCID: PMC4594617 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmv036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by marked heterogeneity, but with a significant genetic contribution. Identifying exact causative genes has been challenging, with many discoveries not replicated. It is timely to take stock of the field, outlining the progress made, framing the controversies and anticipating future directions in elucidating the genetics of POI. METHODS A search for original articles published up to May 2015 was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar, identifying studies on the genetic etiology of POI. Studies were included if chromosomal analysis, candidate gene screening and a genome-wide study were conducted. Articles identified were restricted to English language full-text papers. RESULTS Chromosomal abnormalities have long been recognized as a frequent cause of POI, with a currently estimated prevalence of 10-13%. Using the traditional karyotype methodology, monosomy X, mosaicism, X chromosome deletions and rearrangements, X-autosome translocations, and isochromosomes have been detected. Based on candidate gene studies, single gene perturbations unequivocally having a deleterious effect in at least one population include Bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15), Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), and Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) premutation on the X chromosome; Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9), Folliculogenesis specific bHLH transcription factor (FIGLA), Newborn ovary homeobox gene (NOBOX), Nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1 (NR5A1) and Nanos homolog 3 (NANOS3) seem likely as well, but mostly being found in no more than 1-2% of a single population studied. Whole genome approaches have utilized genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to reveal loci not predicted on the basis of a candidate gene, but it remains difficult to locate causative genes and susceptible loci were not always replicated. Cytogenomic methods (array CGH) have identified other regions of interest but studies have not shown consistent results, the resolution of arrays has varied and replication is uncommon. Whole-exome sequencing in non-syndromic POI kindreds has only recently begun, revealing mutations in the Stromal antigen 3 (STAG3), Synaptonemal complex central element 1 (SYCE1), minichromosome maintenance complex component 8 and 9 (MCM8, MCM9) and ATP-dependent DNA helicase homolog (HFM1) genes. Given the slow progress in candidate-gene analysis and relatively small sample sizes available for GWAS, family-based whole exome and whole genome sequencing appear to be the most promising approaches for detecting potential genes responsible for POI. CONCLUSION Taken together, the cytogenetic, cytogenomic (array CGH) and exome sequencing approaches have revealed a genetic causation in ∼20-25% of POI cases. Uncovering the remainder of the causative genes will be facilitated not only by whole genome approaches involving larger cohorts in multiple populations but also incorporating environmental exposures and exploring signaling pathways in intragenic and intergenic regions that point to perturbations in regulatory genes and networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Xue Jiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Joe Leigh Simpson
- Research and Global Programs March of Dimes Foundation, White Plains, NY, USA Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan 250001, China Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
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Qin Y, Guo T, Li G, Tang TS, Zhao S, Jiao X, Gong J, Gao F, Guo C, Simpson JL, Chen ZJ. CSB-PGBD3 Mutations Cause Premature Ovarian Failure. PLoS Genet 2015. [PMID: 26218421 PMCID: PMC4517778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a rare, heterogeneous disorder characterized by cessation of menstruation occurring before the age of 40 years. Genetic etiology is responsible for perhaps 25% of cases, but most cases are sporadic and unexplained. In this study, through whole exome sequencing in a non-consanguineous family having four affected members with POF and Sanger sequencing in 432 sporadic cases, we identified three novel mutations in the fusion gene CSB-PGBD3. Subsequently functional studies suggest that mutated CSB-PGBD3 fusion protein was impaired in response to DNA damage, as indicated by delayed or absent recruitment to damaged sites. Our data provide the first evidence that mutations in the CSB-PGBD3 fusion protein can cause human disease, even in the presence of functional CSB, thus potentially explaining conservation of the fusion protein for 43 My since marmoset. The localization of the CSB-PGBD3 fusion protein to UVA-induced nuclear DNA repair foci further suggests that the CSB-PGBD3 fusion protein, like many other proteins that can cause POF, modulates or participates in DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
- * E-mail: (YQ); (ZJC)
| | - Ting Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Tie-Shan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shidou Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Jiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Juanjuan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Joe Leigh Simpson
- Research and Global Programs March of Dimes Foundation, White Plains, New York, United States of America
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
- Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (YQ); (ZJC)
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16
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Reproducing genetics. Genet Med 2015; 17:512-4. [PMID: 26035802 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2015.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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17
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MicroRNA-22-3p is down-regulated in the plasma of Han Chinese patients with premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril 2015; 103:802-7.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.12.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Bhartiya D, Singh J. FSH-FSHR3-stem cells in ovary surface epithelium: basis for adult ovarian biology, failure, aging, and cancer. Reproduction 2014; 149:R35-48. [PMID: 25269615 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research, genetic basis of premature ovarian failure (POF) and ovarian cancer still remains elusive. It is indeed paradoxical that scientists searched for mutations in FSH receptor (FSHR) expressed on granulosa cells, whereas more than 90% of cancers arise in ovary surface epithelium (OSE). Two distinct populations of stem cells including very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) and ovarian stem cells (OSCs) exist in OSE, are responsible for neo-oogenesis and primordial follicle assembly in adult life, and are modulated by FSH via its alternatively spliced receptor variant FSHR3 (growth factor type 1 receptor acting via calcium signaling and the ERK/MAPK pathway). Any defect in FSH-FSHR3-stem cell interaction in OSE may affect folliculogenesis and thus result in POF. Ovarian aging is associated with a compromised microenvironment that does not support stem cell differentiation into oocytes and further folliculogenesis. FSH exerts a mitogenic effect on OSE and elevated FSH levels associated with advanced age may provide a continuous trigger for stem cells to proliferate resulting in cancer, thus supporting gonadotropin theory for ovarian cancer. Present review is an attempt to put adult ovarian biology, POF, aging, and cancer in the perspective of FSH-FSHR3-stem cell network that functions in OSE. This hypothesis is further supported by the recent understanding that: i) cancer is a stem cell disease and OSE is the niche for ovarian cancer stem cells; ii) ovarian OCT4-positive stem cells are regulated by FSH; and iii) OCT4 along with LIN28 and BMP4 are highly expressed in ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Bhartiya
- Stem Cell Biology DepartmentNational Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Jarnail Singh
- Stem Cell Biology DepartmentNational Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai 400 012, India
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Qin Y, Jiao X, Dalgleish R, Vujovic S, Li J, Simpson JL, Al-Azzawi F, Chen ZJ. Novel variants in the SOHLH2 gene are implicated in human premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:1104-1109.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ethnic specificity of variants of the ESR1, HK3, BRSK1 genes and the 8q22.3 locus: No association with premature ovarian failure (POF) in Serbian women. Maturitas 2014; 77:64-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Beim PY, Elashoff M, Hu-Seliger TT. Personalized reproductive medicine on the brink: progress, opportunities and challenges ahead. Reprod Biomed Online 2013; 27:611-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Novel NR5A1 missense mutation in premature ovarian failure: detection in han chinese indicates causation in different ethnic groups. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74759. [PMID: 24073220 PMCID: PMC3779243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The etiology of most premature ovarian failure (POF) cases is usually elusive. Although genetic causes clearly exist and a likely susceptible region of 8q22.3 has been discovered, no predominant explanation exists for POF. More recently, evidences have indicated that mutations in NR5A1 gene could be causative for POF. We therefore screened for mutations in the NR5A1 gene in a large cohort of Chinese women with non-syndromic POF. Methods Mutation screening of NR5A1 gene was performed in 400 Han Chinese women with well-defined 46,XX idiopathic non-syndromic POF and 400 controls. Subsequently, functional characterization of the novel mutation identified was evaluated in vitro. Results A novel heterozygous missense mutation [c.13T>G (p.Tyr5Asp)] in NR5A1 was identified in 1 of 384 patients (0.26%). This mutation impaired transcriptional activation on Amh, Inhibin-a, Cyp11a1 and Cyp19a1 gene, as shown by transactivation assays. However, no dominant negative effect was observed, nor was there impact on protein expression and nuclear localization. Conclusions This novel mutation p.Tyr5Asp, in a novel non-domain region, is presumed to result in haploinsufficiency. Irrespectively, perturbation in NR5A1 is not a common explanation for POF in Chinese.
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Zhao H, Chen ZJ. Genetic association studies in female reproduction: from candidate-gene approaches to genome-wide mapping. Mol Hum Reprod 2013; 19:644-54. [PMID: 23723134 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gat040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many genetic association studies have been performed to investigate disorders of female reproduction, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian failure and endometriosis. These disorders typically manifest heterogeneously, and their pathogeneses are influenced by polygenic and environmental factors. Researchers evaluating these genetic associations have chosen candidate genes related to hormone action, steroid biosynthesis, inflammatory cytokines and autoimmune factors. Several of these genes have yielded statistically significant associations with female reproductive disorders; however, few associations have been robust and reproducible. Whole-genome association studies generate more reliable and unbiased results and represent a breakthrough in genetic studies of female reproduction. Nevertheless, to date only a very small fraction of the overall heritability has been identified and so further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
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Zhao Z, Wei D, Mu Y, Qin Y, Li G, Cui L, Chen ZJ. Mutational analysis of SKP2 and P27 in Chinese Han women with premature ovarian failure. Reprod Biomed Online 2013; 27:104-6. [PMID: 23665265 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2013.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
P27 and SKP2, a major regulator of P27, play a crucial role in ovarian function in mice. Both P27-deficient and SKP2-deficient female mice develop premature ovarian failure (POF). The coding regions of SKP2 and P27 were examined in 200 Chinese women with POF and 200 control volunteers. This study is the first to investigate SKP2 in POF. No plausible pathogenic mutations were detected. The results suggest that mutations in SKP2 and P27 are not common in Chinese Han women with POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
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