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Andreeva NA, Murakhovskaya YK, Krylova TD, Tsygankova PG, Sheremet NL. [Rare pathogenic nucleotide variants of mitochondrial DNA associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy]. Vestn Oftalmol 2023; 139:166-174. [PMID: 38235644 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2023139061166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Patients with Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) in most cases have one of the three most common mutations: m.11778G>A in the ND4 gene, m.3460G>A in the ND1 gene, or m.14484T>C in the ND6 gene. According to the international Mitomap database, in addition to these three most common mutations, there are 16 other primary mutations that are even more rare. There are nucleotide substitutions that are classified as candidate or conditionally pathogenic mutations. Their involvement in the disease development is not proven due to insufficient research. Moreover, in many publications, the authors describe new primary and potential mitochondrial DNA mutations associated with LHON, which are not yet included in the genetic data bases. This makes it possible to expand the diagnostic spectrum during genetic testing in the future. The advancements in genetic diagnostic technologies allow confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of LHON. The importance of genetic verification of the disease is determined by the existing problem of differential diagnosis of hereditary optic neuropathies with optic neuropathies of a different origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Andreeva
- Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu K Murakhovskaya
- Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - T D Krylova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - N L Sheremet
- Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
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Finsterer J, Mehri S. Pathogenicity of Variant m.13528A>G in MT-ND5 in Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Is Unsupported. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2023; 14:419-420. [PMID: 37901640 PMCID: PMC10601803 DOI: 10.1159/000531387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sounira Mehri
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 “Nutrition-Functional Foods and Vascular Health”, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
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Arita JH, Barros MH, Ravagnani FG, Ziosi M, Sanches LR, Picosse FR, Lopes TO, de Carvalho Aguiar P, Macabelli CH, Chiaratti MR, Pedroso JL, Quinzii CM, Barsottini OGP, Ferreiro-Barros CC. Metabolic studies of a patient harbouring a novel S487L mutation in the catalytic subunit of AMPK. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018. [PMID: 29526819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates many different metabolic pathways in eukaryote cells including mitochondria biogenesis and energy homeostasis. Here we identify a patient with hypotonia, weakness, delayed milestones and neurological impairment since birth harbouring a novel homozygous mutation in the AMPK catalytic α-subunit 1, encoded by the PRKAA1 gene. The homozygous mutation p.S487L in isoform 1 present in the patient is in a cryptic residue for AMPK activity. In the present study, we performed the characterization of mitochondrial respiratory properties of the patient, in comparison to healthy controls, through the culture of skin fibroblasts in order to understand some of the cellular consequences of the PRKAA1 mutation. In these assays, mitochondrial respiratory complex I showed lower activity, which was followed by a decrement in the mtDNA copy number, which is a probable consequence of the lower expression of PGC-1α and PRKAA1 itself as measured in our quantitative PCRs experiments. Confirming the effect of the patient mutation in respiration, transfection of patient fibroblasts with wild type PRKAA1 partially restore complex I level. The preliminary clinic evaluations of the patient suggested a metabolic defect related to the mitochondrial respiratory function, therefore treatment with CoQ10 supplementation dose started four years ago and a clear improvement in motor skills and strength has been achieved with this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Harumi Arita
- Setor de Neurologia Infantil, Departamento de Neurologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário H Barros
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcello Ziosi
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Fabíola Rosa Picosse
- Departamento de Dermatologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia de Carvalho Aguiar
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departmento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos R Chiaratti
- Departmento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, UFSCar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedroso
- Departmento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Catarina M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Patowary A, Nesbitt R, Archer M, Bernier R, Brkanac Z. Next Generation Sequencing Mitochondrial DNA Analysis in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Res 2017; 10:1338-1343. [PMID: 28419775 PMCID: PMC5573912 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Autism is a complex genetic disorder where both de-novo and inherited genetics factors play a role. Next generation sequencing approaches have been extensively used to identify rare variants associated with autism. To date, all such studies were focused on nuclear genome; thereby leaving the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in autism unexplored. Recently, analytical tools have been developed to evaluate mtDNA in whole-exome data. We have analyzed the mtDNA sequence derived from whole-exome sequencing in 10 multiplex families. In one of the families we have identified two variants of interest in MT-ND5 gene that were previously determined to impair mitochondrial function. In addition in a second family we have identified two VOIs; mtDNA variant in MT-ATP6 and nuclear DNA variant in NDUFS4, where both VOIs are within mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex. Our findings provide further support for the role of mitochondria in ASD and confirm that whole-exome sequencing allows for analysis of mtDNA, which sets a stage for further comprehensive genetic investigations of the role of mitochondria in autism. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1338-1343. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Patowary
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ryan Nesbitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Marilyn Archer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Raphael Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Zoran Brkanac
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Qian M, Spada C, Wang X. Approach, Application, and Bioethics of mtDNA Sequencing in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1038:23-38. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6674-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Emma F, Montini G, Parikh SM, Salviati L. Mitochondrial dysfunction in inherited renal disease and acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Nephrol 2016; 12:267-80. [PMID: 26804019 PMCID: PMC5469549 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2015.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are increasingly recognized as key players in genetic and acquired renal diseases. Most mitochondrial cytopathies that cause renal symptoms are characterized by tubular defects, but glomerular, tubulointerstitial and cystic diseases have also been described. For example, defects in coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) biosynthesis and the mitochondrial DNA 3243 A>G mutation are important causes of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children and in adults, respectively. Although they sometimes present with isolated renal findings, mitochondrial diseases are frequently associated with symptoms related to central nervous system and neuromuscular involvement. They can result from mutations in nuclear genes that are inherited according to classic Mendelian rules or from mutations in mitochondrial DNA, which are transmitted according to more complex rules of mitochondrial genetics. Diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders involves clinical characterization of patients in combination with biochemical and genetic analyses. In particular, prompt diagnosis of CoQ10 biosynthesis defects is imperative because of their potentially reversible nature. In acute kidney injury (AKI), mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the physiopathology of tissue injury, whereas mitochondrial biogenesis has an important role in the recovery of renal function. Potential therapies that target mitochondrial dysfunction or promote mitochondrial regeneration are being developed to limit renal damage during AKI and promote repair of injured tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Emma
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù-IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Montini
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via della Commenda 9, Milano, Italy
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padova, Italy
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Carrasco Salas P, Palma Milla C, López Montiel J, Benito C, Franco Freire S, López Siles J. [Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: Usefulness of next generation sequencing to study mitochondrial mutations on apparent homoplasmy]. Med Clin (Barc) 2015; 146:163-6. [PMID: 26683077 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Leber hereditary optic neuropathy is characterized by acute and subacute visual loss, produced by mitochondrial DNA mutations. PATIENTS AND METHODS The molecular study of a family with only one affected member is presented. RESULTS In the index case and in her mother, the mitochondrial mutation m.11778G>A in the MT-ND4 was detected in the heteroplasmic state. The index case's sister, without ocular manifestations, asked for genetic counseling. The study of the mentioned mutation by Sanger sequencing identified it in an apparent homoplasmic state. However, by means of next-generation sequencing (NGS), the mutation was actually in a heteroplasmic state. CONCLUSIONS Regarding genetic counseling, verifying a mutation in homoplasmic state is really important. We have observed that NGS allows us to discriminate between high levels of heteroplasmy and homoplasmy, meaning that it is a useful technique for the analysis of apparent homoplasmic results obtained with less sensitive technique, as Sanger sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carmen Benito
- Hospital Materno-Infantil, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga, España
| | - Sara Franco Freire
- Hospital Materno-Infantil, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga, España
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Abstract
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can lead to a wide range of human diseases. We have developed a deep sequencing strategy, mitoRCA-seq, to detect low-frequency mtDNA point mutations starting with as little as 1 ng of total DNA. It employs rolling circle amplification, which enriches the full-length circular mtDNA by either custom mtDNA-specific primers or a commercial kit, and minimizes the contamination of nuclear encoded mitochondrial DNA (Numts). By analyzing the mutation profiles of wild-type and Polg (mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ) mutant mice, we found that mice with the proofreading deficient mtDNA polymerase have a significantly higher mutation load by expanding the number of mutation sites and to a lesser extent by elevating the mutation frequency at existing sites even before the premature aging phenotypes appear. Strikingly, cytocine (C) to thymine (T) transitions are found to be overrepresented in the mtDNA of Polg mutated mice. The C → T transition, compared to other types of mutations, tends to increase the hydrophobicity of the underlying amino acids, and may contribute to the impaired protein function of the Polg mutant mice. Taken together, our findings may provide clues to further investigate the molecular mechanism underlying premature aging phenotype in Polg mutant mice.
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