1
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Francavilla C, O'Brien CS. Fibroblast growth factor receptor signalling dysregulation and targeting in breast cancer. Open Biol 2022; 12:210373. [PMID: 35193394 PMCID: PMC8864352 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) signalling plays a critical role in breast embryonal development, tissue homeostasis, tumorigenesis and metastasis. FGFR, its numerous FGF ligands and signalling partners are often dysregulated in breast cancer progression and are one of the causes of resistance to treatment in breast cancer. Furthermore, FGFR signalling on epithelial cells is affected by signals from the breast microenvironment, therefore increasing the possibility of breast developmental abnormalities or cancer progression. Increasing our understanding of the multi-layered roles of the complex family of FGFRs, their ligands FGFs and their regulatory partners may offer novel treatment strategies for breast cancer patients, as a single agent or rational co-target, which will be explored in depth in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Francavilla
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (FBMH), University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- The Manchester Breast Centre, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Ciara S. O'Brien
- The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 2BX, UK
- The Manchester Breast Centre, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
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2
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MRE11 as a molecular signature and therapeutic target for cancer treatment with radiotherapy. Cancer Lett 2021; 514:1-11. [PMID: 34022282 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
MRE11, the core of the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 complex, is one of key DNA damage response proteins. Increasing evidence suggests that its expression in cancer cells is critical to developing radioresistance; as such, MRE11 is an emerging marker for targeted radiosensitization strategies. Elevated MRE11 in tumor tissues has been associated with poor survival in patients undergoing radiotherapy, although in some cancer types, the opposite has been noted. The recent discovery of ionizing radiation-induced truncation of MRE11, which decreases its efficacy, may explain some of these paradoxical findings. The progress of research on the biological modulation of MRE11 expression is also discussed, with the potential application of small molecule or large molecule inhibitors of MRE11 for enhancing radiosensitivity. Current research has further highlighted both nuclease and non-nuclease activities of MRE11 in cancer cells treated with ionizing radiation, and differentiation between these is essential to verify the targeting effects of radiosensitizing agents. These updates clarify our understanding of how MRE11 expression may be utilized in future stratification of cancer patients for radiotherapy, and how it may be leveraged in shaping novel radiosensitization strategies.
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3
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Wang YY, Chen YK, Lo S, Chi TC, Chen YH, Hu SCS, Chen YW, Jiang SS, Tsai FY, Liu W, Li RN, Hsieh YC, Huang CJ, Yuan SSF. MRE11 promotes oral cancer progression through RUNX2/CXCR4/AKT/FOXA2 signaling in a nuclease-independent manner. Oncogene 2021; 40:3510-3532. [PMID: 33927349 PMCID: PMC8134045 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
MRE11, the nuclease component of RAD50/MRE11/NBS1 DNA repair complex which is essential for repair of DNA double-strand-breaks in normal cells, has recently garnered attention as a critical factor in solid tumor development. Herein we report the crucial role of MRE11 in oral cancer progression in a nuclease-independent manner and delineate its key downstream effectors including CXCR4. MRE11 expression in oral cancer samples was positively associated with tumor size, cancer stage and lymph node metastasis, and was predictive of poorer patient survival and radiotherapy resistance. MRE11 promoted cell proliferation/migration/invasion in a nuclease-independent manner but enhanced radioresistance via a nuclease-dependent pathway. The nuclease independent promotion of EMT and metastasis was mediated by RUNX2, CXCR4, AKT, and FOXA2, while CXCR4 neutralizing antibody mitigated these effects in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, MRE11 may serve as a crucial prognostic factor and therapeutic target in oral cancer, displaying dual nuclease dependent and independent roles that permit separate targeting of tumor vulnerabilities in oral cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Yun Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuk-Kwan Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Steven Lo
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tsung-Chen Chi
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wangta Liu
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Nian Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Hsieh
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Chih-Jen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National ChiaoTung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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4
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Chabot T, Cheraud Y, Fleury F. Relationships between DNA repair and RTK-mediated signaling pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188495. [PMID: 33346130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK) are an important family involved in numerous signaling pathways essential for proliferation, cell survival, transcription or cell-cycle regulation. Their role and involvement in cancer cell survival have been widely described in the literature, and are generally associated with overexpression and/or excessive activity in the cancer pathology. Because of these characteristics, RTKs are relevant targets in the fight against cancer. In the last decade, increasingly numerous works describe the role of RTK signaling in the modulation of DNA repair, thus providing evidence of the relationship between RTKs and the protein actors in the repair pathways. In this review, we propose a summary of RTKs described as potential modulators of double-stranded DNA repair pathways in order to put forward new lines of research aimed at the implementation of new therapeutic strategies targeting both DNA repair pathways and RTK-mediated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Chabot
- Mechanism and regulation of DNA repair team, UFIP, CNRS UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, France
| | - Yvonnick Cheraud
- Mechanism and regulation of DNA repair team, UFIP, CNRS UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, France
| | - Fabrice Fleury
- Mechanism and regulation of DNA repair team, UFIP, CNRS UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, France.
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5
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DNA damage response and breast cancer development: Possible therapeutic applications of ATR, ATM, PARP, BRCA1 inhibition. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 98:103032. [PMID: 33494010 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.103032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common and significant cancers in females regarding the loss of life quality. Similar to other cancers, one of the etiologic factors in breast cancer is DNA damage. A plethora of molecules are responsible for sensing DNA damage and mediating actions which lead to DNA repair, senescence, cell cycle arrest and if damage is unbearable to apoptosis. In each of these, aberrations leading to unrepaired damage was resulted in uncontrolled proliferation and cancer. Another cellular function is autophagy defined as a process eliminating of unnecessary proteins in stress cases involved in pathogenesis of cancer. Knowing their role in cancer, scholars have tried to develop strategies in order to target DDR and autophagy. Further, the interactions of DDR and autophagy plus their regulatory role on each other have been focused simultaneously. The present review study has aimed to illustrate the importance of DDR and autophagy in breast cancer according to the related studies and uncover the relation between DDR and autophagy and its significance in breast cancer therapy.
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Liu C, Qiao Y, Xu L, Wu J, Mei Q, Zhang X, Wang K, Li Q, Jia X, Sun H, Wu J, Sun W, Fu S. Association between polymorphisms in MRE11 and HIV-1 susceptibility and AIDS progression in a northern Chinese MSM population. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 74:2009-2018. [PMID: 30989233 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies reported that DNA damage repair (DDR) genes may play an important role in HIV-1 infection. The MRE11 gene, a member of the MRN complex, plays an essential part in the homologous recombination pathway, which is one of the classical DDR pathways. Previous reports have demonstrated that MRE11 has an effect on HIV-1 replication. However, the role of SNPs in the MRE11 gene and their impact on HIV-1 infection and AIDS progression remain unknown. METHODS In this study, 434 MSM HIV-1-infected patients in northern China and 431 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Five SNPs (rs2155209, rs10831234, rs13447720, rs601341 and rs11020803) at the MRE11 gene were genotyped. Another series of cases (409 MSM HIV-1-infected patients) and controls (403 age-matched healthy males) were recruited as the validation set. RESULTS In our study, rs10831234 showed differences in allele frequencies between cases and controls (P = 0.005). Additionally, there was an association between rs10831234 and HIV-1 infection susceptibility in dominant and additive models (P = 0.005 and P = 0.006, respectively). All significant associations were replicated in the validation set, and the associations were still significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing when the two data sets were combined. Furthermore, in haplotype association analyses between the case and control groups, the frequencies of the haplotypes Crs11020803Crs10831234 and Trs11020803Trs10831234 showed significant differences (P = 0.0181 and P = 0.0068, respectively). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that the MRE11 rs10831234-T allele may confer increased risk of HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Yuandong Qiao
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Lidan Xu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Qingbu Mei
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Xuelong Zhang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- Infectious Disease Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- Editorial Department of International Journal of Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueyuan Jia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Haiming Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Songbin Fu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, (Harbin Medical University), Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
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7
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Liu J, Guo Y, Cao J. Matrine triggers colon cancer cell apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via mediation of microRNA-22. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1619-1628. [PMID: 32072698 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Matrine (MAT) is an alkaloid in the dried roots of Sophora flavescens. The antitumor activity has been testified in colon cancer. Howbeit, the latent mechanism is still indistinct. The research probed the antitumor mechanism of MAT in colon cancer cells. MAT (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.25 mM) was utilized to stimulate SW480 and SW620 cells for 24, 48, and 72 hr. Cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, and the correlative proteins were assessed via Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, and Western blot. microRNA-22 (miR-22) in MAT-treated or miR-22-silenced cells was estimated via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The functions of miR-22 inhibition were reassessed. Western blot was conducted for quantifying β-catenin, MEK, and ERK. Luciferase reporter assay was done for confirming the targeting relationship between miR-22 and ERBB3 or MECOM. MAT prohibited cell viability, accelerated apoptosis, and triggered cells cycle stagnation at G0/G1 phase. Additionally, miR-22 was elevated by MAT; meanwhile, the influences of MAT were all inverted by miR-22 inhibitor. MAT enhanced the expression of miR-22, thereby obstructing Wnt/β-catenin and MEK/ERK pathways. miR-22 had a potential to target mRNA 3'UTR of ERBB3 and MECOM. These discoveries manifested that MAT could evoke colon cancer cell apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via elevating miR-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, China.,Affiliated Jining No.1 People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Yazhuo Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, China
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8
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Hsieh MJ, Huang C, Lin CC, Tang CH, Lin CY, Lee IN, Huang HC, Chen JC. Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes doxorubicin resistance in chondrosarcoma cells by affecting XRCC5 expression. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:293-303. [PMID: 31916307 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is the second most common form of bone cancer and is characterized by its ability to produce an extracellular matrix of the cartilage. High-grade chondrosarcoma is highly aggressive and can metastasize to other parts of the body. Chondrosarcoma is resistant to both conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy; hence, the current main treatment is still surgical resection. Doxorubicin (Dox) has been shown to significantly improve patient survival compared with untreated chondrosarcoma. However, for patients with metastasis, surgical resection alone can hardly treat them. In addition, drug resistance is one of the leading causes of death in patients with chondrosarcoma. Secreted proteins can mediate cell-cell interactions in the cancer microenvironment, which may be associated with the development of drug resistance. In the present study, chondrosarcoma cells were treated with Dox, the conditioned medium was then collected and changes in secreted proteins were analyzed using the antibody array. Results showed that the Dox-treated group had the highest secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), indicating the effect of bFGF on Dox sensitivity in chondrosarcoma. Furthermore, lentiviral-mediated knockdown and treatment of exogenous recombinant protein were employed to further investigate the effect of bFGF on Dox resistance. Results demonstrated that bFGF can promote the expression of X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 (XRCC5), leading to Dox resistance. Secreted bFGF is likely to be detected in serum, in addition to being a biomarker for predicting Dox resistance, the combination of Dox and bFGF/XRCC5 blockers may be a new therapeutic strategy to improve the efficacy of Dox in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Holistic Wellness, Mingdao University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Earth and Life Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Lin
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - I-Neng Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University, South Campus, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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9
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Cramer D, Mazur J, Espinosa O, Schlesner M, Hübschmann D, Eils R, Staub E. Genetic Interactions and Tissue Specificity Modulate the Association of Mutations with Drug Response. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 19:927-936. [PMID: 31826931 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In oncology, biomarkers are widely used to predict subgroups of patients that respond to a given drug. Although clinical decisions often rely on single gene biomarkers, machine learning approaches tend to generate complex multi-gene biomarkers that are hard to interpret. Models predicting drug response based on multiple altered genes often assume that the effects of single alterations are independent. We asked whether the association of cancer driver mutations with drug response is modulated by other driver mutations or the tissue of origin. We developed an analytic framework based on linear regression to study interactions in pharmacogenomic data from two large cancer cell line panels. Starting from a model with only covariates, we included additional variables only if they significantly improved simpler models. This allows to systematically assess interactions in small, easily interpretable models. Our results show that including mutation-mutation interactions in drug response prediction models tends to improve model performance and robustness. For example, we found that TP53 mutations decrease sensitivity to BRAF inhibitors in BRAF-mutated cell lines and patient tumors, suggesting a therapeutic benefit of combining inhibition of oncogenic BRAF with reactivation of the tumor suppressor TP53. Moreover, we identified tissue-specific mutation-drug associations and synthetic lethal triplets where the simultaneous mutation of two genes sensitizes cells to a drug. In summary, our interaction-based approach contributes to a holistic view on the determining factors of drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Cramer
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Oncology Bioinformatics, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Johanna Mazur
- Oncology Bioinformatics, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Schlesner
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Hübschmann
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Eils
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Health Data Science Unit, Bioquant, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike Staub
- Oncology Bioinformatics, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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10
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Wang D, Yang L, Yu W, Zhang Y. Investigational fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 antagonists in early phase clinical trials to treat solid tumors. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:903-916. [PMID: 31560229 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1672655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) is a highly conserved transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor. FGFR2 dysregulation occurs in numerous human solid tumors and overexpression is closely associated with tumor progression. FGFR2 has recently been reported as a therapeutic target for cancer. Several targeted therapies are being investigated to disrupt FGFR2 activity; these include multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), pan-FGFR targeted TKIs and FGFR2 monoclonal antibodies. Areas: This review examines FGFR2 regulation and function in cancer and its potential as a target for cancer treatment. Expert opinion: Highly specific FGFR2 blockers have not yet been developed and moreover, resistance to FGFR2-targeted therapies is a challenge. More sophisticated patient selection strategies would help improve FGFR2-targeted therapies and combination therapy is considered the most promising approach for cancer patients with FGFR2 alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China
| | - Weina Yu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P.R. China
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11
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Wang H, Huang Y, Shi J, Zhi Y, Yuan F, Yu J, Chen Z, Yang J. XPC deficiency leads to centrosome amplification by inhibiting BRCA1 expression upon cisplatin-mediated DNA damage in human bladder cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 444:136-146. [PMID: 30579971 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) is a well-known DNA damage recognition protein. Defects in XPC lead to carcinogenesis and progression of many human cancers. In the current study, we defined a novel, important role of XPC in preventing centrosome amplification during cisplatin-mediated DNA damage response. From experiments with human bladder cancer tissue, urothelial tissue from Xpc knockout mice and XPC-silenced cell lines, we found that attenuated XPC expression was associated with increased centrosome amplification in human bladder cancer. A significant increase in centrosome amplification was observed in XPC-silenced cells upon cisplatin treatment. XPC deficiency leads to reduced BRCA1 expression via upregulating its transcriptional repressor, Pit-1. The BRCA1 downregulation results in more DNA double strand breaks accumulation and persistent activation of the ATM-Chk1/Chk2 signaling, resulting in a prolonged G2/M arrest during which centrosome can over-duplicate and lead to centrosome amplification. XPC complementation in silenced cells could reduce Pit-1 expression, increase BRCA1 expression and recover the status of centrosome amplification. Our study reveals a new function for XPC in preventing chromosomal instability, providing new information on cancer chemotherapy and potential clinical significance for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yaqin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiazhong Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi Zhi
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Chen
- Urology Institute of People's Liberation Army, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Katoh M. Fibroblast growth factor receptors as treatment targets in clinical oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2018; 16:105-122. [DOI: 10.1038/s41571-018-0115-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Smoking and FGFR2 rs2981582 variant independently modulate male breast cancer survival: A population-based study in Tuscany, Italy. Breast 2018; 40:85-91. [PMID: 29709729 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease and recommendations for its clinical management are often extrapolated from those for female breast cancer, even if breast cancer (BC) has different characteristics in the two sexes. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of several individual characteristics including clinico-pathological, lifestyle and genetic factors on overall survival (OS) of a relatively large and well characterized population-based series of 166 MBCs enrolled in Tuscany. METHODS We genotyped MBC cases at BRCA1/2 genes and at 9 candidate BC susceptibility SNPs. Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression, adjusted for several individual characteristics were used. To reduce a possible selection bias related to the interval between diagnosis and enrolment of MBC cases into the study, we used the date of blood donation as the date of the start of observation for survival analysis. RESULTS Only smoking habits had a significant effect on OS at 10 years (for current smokers, HR: 3.34; 95% CI 1.45-7.68; p = 0.004), while lymph node status fell short of reaching statistical significance (for pN positive, HR: 2.07; 95% CI 0.93-4.55; p = 0.07). In the same multivariate analysis we found a significantly higher OS in cases with FGFR2 rs2981582 variant in the dominant transmission model (HR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.62; p = 0.028). A sensitivity analysis with left truncation showed similar results. CONCLUSIONS Our results may contribute to shed light on factors influencing MBC survival suggesting an important role for cigarette smoking and FGFR2 rs2981582 variant, and provide clues for better patient management.
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Lei H, Deng CX. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Signaling in Breast Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:1163-1171. [PMID: 29104507 PMCID: PMC5666331 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.20792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) is a membrane-spanning tyrosine kinase that mediates signaling for FGFs. Recent studies detected various point mutations of FGFR2 in multiple types of cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, uterine cancer and ovarian cancer, yet the casual relationship between these mutations and tumorigenesis is unclear. Here we will discuss possible interactions between FGFR2 signaling and several major pathways through which the aberrantly activated FGFR2 signaling may result in breast cancer development. We will also discuss some recent developments in the discovery and application of therapies and strategies for breast cancers by inhibiting FGFR2 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Lei
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
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B-Myb Induces APOBEC3B Expression Leading to Somatic Mutation in Multiple Cancers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44089. [PMID: 28276478 PMCID: PMC5343453 DOI: 10.1038/srep44089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The key signature of cancer genomes is the accumulation of DNA mutations, the most abundant of which is the cytosine-to-thymine (C-to-T) transition that results from cytosine deamination. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database has demonstrated that this transition is caused mainly by upregulation of the cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B (A3B), but the mechanism has not been completely characterized. We found that B-Myb (encoded by MYBL2) binds the A3B promoter, causing transactivation, and this is responsible for the C-to-T transitions and DNA hypermutation in breast cancer cells. Analysis of TCGA database yielded similar results, supporting that MYBL2 and A3B are upregulated and putatively promote C-to-T transitions in multiple cancer types. Moreover, blockade of EGF receptor with afatinib attenuated B-Myb-A3B signaling, suggesting a clinically relevant means of suppressing mutagenesis. Our results suggest that B-Myb-A3B contributes to DNA damage and could be targeted by inhibiting EGF receptor.
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Variants of FGFR2 and their associations with breast cancer risk: a HUGE systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 155:313-35. [PMID: 26728143 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Extensive epidemiological studies have demonstrated that there are associations between variants in intron 2 of FGFR2 and the breast cancer risk in various populations; however, the relationships are not yet conclusively established. To comprehensively review the epidemiological studies showing associations between the variants of FGFR2 and the breast cancer risk, and to establish correlations via a meta-analysis. The PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for eligible studies. The associations between the variants and breast cancer risk were evaluated using a random-effects model. The heterogeneity among the studies and the potential publication bias were also evaluated. Fifty-three studies with a total of 121,740 cases and 198,549 controls have examined the associations between 23 variants in intron 2 of FGFR2 and the breast cancer risk. The relationships for the 10 most frequently evaluated variants-rs1078806, rs11200014, rs1219648, rs2420946, rs2981578, rs2981579, rs2981582, rs3135718, rs10736303, and rs3750817-were synthesized based on a meta-analysis. Interestingly, we found that all 10 variants were significantly associated with the risk of breast cancer. In studies stratified by ethnicity, we found that the associations were more notable in Caucasians and Asians compared to Africans. Similar pooled results were found in population-based and hospital-based case-control studies and in studies with small and large sample sizes. FGFR2 is a breast cancer susceptibility gene, and various variants of FGFR2 are significantly associated with the breast cancer risk. However, the biological mechanisms underlying the associations need to be elucidated in future studies.
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Seoane S, Arias E, Sigueiro R, Sendon-Lago J, Martinez-Ordoñez A, Castelao E, Eiró N, Garcia-Caballero T, Macia M, Lopez-Lopez R, Maestro M, Vizoso F, Mouriño A, Perez-Fernandez R. Pit-1 inhibits BRCA1 and sensitizes human breast tumors to cisplatin and vitamin D treatment. Oncotarget 2015; 6:14456-71. [PMID: 25992773 PMCID: PMC4546479 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The POU class 1 homeobox 1 (POU1F1, also known as Pit-1), pertaining to the Pit-Oct-Unc (POU) family of transcription factors, has been related to tumor growth and metastasis in breast. However, its role in response to breast cancer therapy is unknown. We found that Pit-1 down-regulated DNA-damage and repair genes, and specifically inhibited BRCA1 gene expression, sensitizing breast cancer cells to DNA-damage agents. Administration of 1α, 25-dihydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D3 (3-Epi, an endogenous low calcemic vitamin D metabolite) reduced Pit-1 expression, and synergized with cisplatin, thus, decreasing cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro, and reducing tumor growth in vivo. In addition, fifteen primary cultures of human breast tumors showed significantly decreased proliferation when treated with 3-Epi+cisplatin, compared to cisplatin alone. This response positively correlated with Pit-1 levels. Our findings demonstrate that high levels of Pit-1 and reduced BRCA1 levels increase breast cancer cell susceptibility to 3-Epi+cisplatin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Seoane
- Department of Physiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Efigenia Arias
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Rita Sigueiro
- Department Organic Chemistry, Research Laboratory Ignacio Rivas, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Juan Sendon-Lago
- Department of Physiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Anxo Martinez-Ordoñez
- Department of Physiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Esteban Castelao
- Oncology and Genetics Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Vigo (IBIV), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Vigo 36036, Spain
| | - Noemí Eiró
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón 33290, Spain
| | - Tomás Garcia-Caballero
- Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Manuel Macia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Rafael Lopez-Lopez
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Miguel Maestro
- Department Organic Chemistry, Research Laboratory Ignacio Rivas, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Mouriño
- Department Organic Chemistry, Research Laboratory Ignacio Rivas, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Roman Perez-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
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