1
|
Zuvela E, Matson P. Effect of the technical variability of counting chambers upon the interpretation of sperm concentration results. Reprod Biomed Online 2024; 48:103777. [PMID: 38460281 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Does the choice of sperm-counting chamber affect the proportion of samples generating results with an erroneous interpretation? DESIGN Laboratories in an external quality assurance programme were sent 141 semen samples over a 12-year period and asked to return the sperm concentration and whether or not the result was abnormal. Only those using 5th edition of the World Health Organization manual (WHO5) interpretation criteria were included. Submissions from specialist fertility laboratories were used to calculate assigned values for each sample. Laboratory50 values determined the sperm concentration at which the laboratories reported a majority transition from abnormal to normal interpretations, i.e. the tipping point, which should coincide with the lower reference limit. RESULTS The median and range of bias from the assigned values of each sample were determined for the Makler (-3.3%; -88.6% to +332.8%), haemocytometer (10.6%; -93.3% to +645.5%), Kova (+65.3%; -71.7% to +581.8%) and Vetriplast (+72.4%; -100.0% to +709.1) chambers. Laboratory50 values for the Makler (17.3 × 106/ml), haemocytometer (13.6 × 106/ml), Kova (10.0 × 106/ml) and Vetriplast chambers (8.8 × 106/ml) reflected the under- and overestimation of the chambers and confirmed a shift in the adjusted lower reference limit then used. The proportion of laboratories reporting erroneous interpretations of the four chambers for oligozoospermic samples were 10.9%, 15.1.%, 40.1% and 44.0%, respectively, and rose as the adjusted lower reference limit decreased. CONCLUSIONS The between-laboratory and within-sample variation for all the chambers was high and remains a concern. The main impact of an increasing bias of the chambers was a lowering of the laboratory50 tipping point, resulting in an under-reporting of abnormal semen samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Zuvela
- External Quality Assurance Schemes for Reproductive Medicine, Northlands, Western Australia, Australia.; City Fertility Perth (formerly Fertility Specialists of WA), Claremont and Applecross, Perth, Western Australia..
| | - Phillip Matson
- External Quality Assurance Schemes for Reproductive Medicine, Northlands, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Björndahl L. What is required for better progress in clinical and scientific andrology involving sperm assessments? Asian J Androl 2024; 26:229-232. [PMID: 38265240 PMCID: PMC11156447 DOI: 10.4103/aja202380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Björndahl
- ANOVA, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stationsgatan 69, Level 4, S-113 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Punjabi U, Goovaerts I, Peeters K, De Neubourg D. Antioxidants in Male Infertility-If We Want to Get This Right We Need to Take the Bull by the Horns: A Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1805. [PMID: 37891884 PMCID: PMC10603832 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant therapy should be reserved for infertile patients who actually exhibit signs of oxidative stress (OS). Nevertheless, there is no consensus regarding the measure of the primary endpoint and the assay that should be used. The formation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an early marker of sperm DNA oxidation (SDO), was analyzed using flow cytometry, in men at a University hospital setup for infertility treatment. Similar to conventional semen parameters, 8-OHdG assay was validated on fresh semen samples to reduce the variability of results. SDO was associated with semen volume, sperm concentration, leucocytes and round cells, but not with age, body mass index, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) or OS. Whether the semen samples were normal or subnormal according to the WHO criteria, the expression of 8-OHdG was not different. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis could discriminate two independent populations. Both SDF and SDO were independently expressed. A high SDF did not reveal a high SDO and vice versa. The thresholds for SDO have been established, but vary with the techniques used. The methodology for SDO needs to be further validated and optimized on a larger clinically defined patient population before the outcome measure is fit to monitor antioxidant therapy in male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usha Punjabi
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; (I.G.); (K.P.); (D.D.N.)
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ilse Goovaerts
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; (I.G.); (K.P.); (D.D.N.)
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Kris Peeters
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; (I.G.); (K.P.); (D.D.N.)
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Diane De Neubourg
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; (I.G.); (K.P.); (D.D.N.)
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Punjabi U, Goovaerts I, Peeters K, De Neubourg D. Semen Thresholds of Normality Established by the WHO Do Not Reveal Genome Instability-A Potential Occult Male Factor. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020239. [PMID: 36833166 PMCID: PMC9957300 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Semen parameters are unable to inform on the function or fertilizing capacity of the male gamete. Standardized methods are provided by the WHO but, the lower reference limits have reduced sensitivity to predict chances of conception. Subfertile men may be falsely classified as "normal" and a male factor contributing to genome instability may be overlooked. Semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), sperm chromatin maturity and stability, and sperm aneuploidy were assessed in fertile (F), subfertile normozoospermic (SN) and subfertile non-normozoospermic males (SN-N). Standardized assays employing flow cytometry were used to detect genome instability. Sperm DNA fragmentation did not differ significantly whether the semen samples were from a fertile (F), subfertile normozoospermic (SN) or subfertile non-normozoospermic male (SN-N). Chromatin decondensation was significantly reduced and hyperstability significantly increased in the SN group as compared to the F group. The frequency of diploidy was significantly different in the three study groups with significance between F and SN and between F and SN-N groups. Subfertile men with normal semen parameters are often excluded from extensive genetic testing. Genome instability might be an independent attribute of semen quality detecting problems not seen with semen analysis alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usha Punjabi
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilse Goovaerts
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Kris Peeters
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Diane De Neubourg
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Punjabi U, Roelant E, Peeters K, Goovaerts I, Van Mulders H, De Neubourg D. Variability in Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Men with Mild/Unexplained Subfertility in a Prospective Longitudinal Intrauterine Insemination Trial. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1826. [PMID: 36362981 PMCID: PMC9698842 DOI: 10.3390/life12111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological variability of semen and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) parameters in a longitudinal intrauterine insemination (IUI) trial over multiple IUI cycles was investigated. A TUNEL assay was used for SDF testing, both before and after density gradient centrifugation. A significant age effect was observed: while semen parameters deteriorated with advancing age, on average, higher SDF values were observed for older males. There was quite some variability observed for both semen and SDF variables. Using fertile threshold values, three patient categories were distinguished: those with a high SDF in all samples, those with low SDF in all samples and those who fluctuated between high and low during the whole IUI trial. Density gradient centrifugation increases SDF. However, the three patient categories react differently after semen processing. A large percentage of those with high SDF retain their high SDF even after gradient centrifugation. The SDF fluctuaters react with a high SDF after gradient centrifugation. The low SDF category, on the contrary, distributes itself evenly between the three categories after gradient centrifugation. SDF testing after semen processing might be indispensable for therapeutic purposes, probably influencing medical decision-making. In order to isolate fluctuaters, a second SDF testing might be advocated in certain cases. SDF after semen processing is indispensable for therapeutic management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usha Punjabi
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ella Roelant
- Clinical Trial Centre (CTC), CRC Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Kris Peeters
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ilse Goovaerts
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Helga Van Mulders
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Diane De Neubourg
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Björndahl L, Barratt CLR, Mortimer D, Agarwal A, Aitken RJ, Alvarez JG, Aneck-Hahn N, Arver S, Baldi E, Bassas L, Boitrelle F, Bornman R, Carrell DT, Castilla JA, Cerezo Parra G, Check JH, Cuasnicu PS, Darney SP, de Jager C, De Jonge CJ, Drevet JR, Drobnis EZ, Du Plessis SS, Eisenberg ML, Esteves SC, Evgeni EA, Ferlin A, Garrido N, Giwercman A, Goovaerts IGF, Haugen TB, Henkel R, Henningsohn L, Hofmann MC, Hotaling JM, Jedrzejczak P, Jouannet P, Jørgensen N, Kirkman Brown JC, Krausz C, Kurpisz M, Kvist U, Lamb DJ, Levine H, Loveland KL, McLachlan RI, Mahran A, Maree L, Martins da Silva S, Mbizvo MT, Meinhardt A, Menkveld R, Mortimer ST, Moskovtsev S, Muller CH, Munuce MJ, Muratori M, Niederberger C, O’Flaherty C, Oliva R, Ombelet W, Pacey AA, Palladino MA, Ramasamy R, Ramos L, Rives N, Roldan ER, Rothmann S, Sakkas D, Salonia A, Sánchez-Pozo MC, Sapiro R, Schlatt S, Schlegel PN, Schuppe HC, Shah R, Skakkebæk NE, Teerds K, Toskin I, Tournaye H, Turek PJ, van der Horst G, Vazquez-Levin M, Wang C, Wetzels A, Zeginiadou T, Zini A. Standards in semen examination: publishing reproducible and reliable data based on high-quality methodology. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:2497-2502. [PMID: 36112046 PMCID: PMC9627864 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomedical science is rapidly developing in terms of more transparency, openness and reproducibility of scientific publications. This is even more important for all studies that are based on results from basic semen examination. Recently two concordant documents have been published: the 6th edition of the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, and the International Standard ISO 23162:2021. With these tools, we propose that authors should be instructed to follow these laboratory methods in order to publish studies in peer-reviewed journals, preferable by using a checklist as suggested in an Appendix to this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Björndahl
- Correspondence address. Andrology Laboratory, ANOVA, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stationsgatan 69, level 4, S-113 64 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail:
| | | | | | - Ashok Agarwal
- Case Western Reserve University, Moreland Hills, OH, USA
| | - Robert J Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science and Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Juan G Alvarez
- Centro Androgen, La Coruña, Spain
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Stefan Arver
- ANOVA, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabetta Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Tuscany, Italia
| | - Lluís Bassas
- Andrology Department, Laboratory of Andrology and Sperm Bank, Fundació Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florence Boitrelle
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, Poissy, France
- Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Riana Bornman
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Douglas T Carrell
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - José A Castilla
- GAMETIA Biobank, Granada, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Gerardo Cerezo Parra
- LAFER Sperm Bank, Tuxpan 10-606, Roma Sur, C.P. 06760, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jerome H Check
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden, The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Camden, NJ, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center, Melrose Park, PA, USA
| | - Patricia S Cuasnicu
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IbyME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Joël R Drevet
- Université Clermont Auvergne/CNRS/INSERM-GreD Institute, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Erma Z Drobnis
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MI, USA
| | - Stefan S Du Plessis
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Michael L Eisenberg
- Male Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Surgery (Division of Urology), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Evangelini A Evgeni
- CRYOGONIA Cryopreservation Bank, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | - Alberto Ferlin
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italia
| | - Nicolas Garrido
- IVI Foundation, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Trine B Haugen
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Lars Henningsohn
- Division of Urology, Department of CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Urology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie-Claude Hofmann
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia & Hormonal Disorders, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James M Hotaling
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Piotr Jedrzejczak
- Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jackson C Kirkman Brown
- Centre for Human Reproductive Science (ChRS), UK
- College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Csilla Krausz
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institutet of Human Genetics, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ulrik Kvist
- ANOVA, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dolores J Lamb
- Brady Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Genomics and Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hagai Levine
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kate L Loveland
- Hudson Institute, Centre for Reproductive Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert I McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ali Mahran
- Dermatology and Andrology Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Liana Maree
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Sarah Martins da Silva
- Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Andreas Meinhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Roelof Menkveld
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Sharon T Mortimer
- Oozoa Biomedical Inc., West Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of REI, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sergey Moskovtsev
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- CreATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Charles H Muller
- Male Fertility Laboratory, Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Maria José Munuce
- Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
| | - Monica Muratori
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Craig Niederberger
- Department of Urology, UIC College of Medicine, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UIC College of Engineering, IL, USA
| | - Cristian O’Flaherty
- Department of Surgery (Urology Division), McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rafael Oliva
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Group, Biomedical Research Institute August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Willem Ombelet
- Genk Institute for Fertility Technology, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ZOL Hospitals and Hasselt University, Genk, Belgium
| | - Allan A Pacey
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Liliana Ramos
- Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecologie, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Rives
- Service Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, Equipe Physiopathologie Surrénalienne et Gonadique, Unité Inserm 1239 NorDic, CHU-Hôpitaux de Rouen, UFR Santé—Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Eduardo Rs Roldan
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Andrea Salonia
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Sánchez-Pozo
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Rosanna Sapiro
- Depto de Histologia y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Gral. Flores, Uruguay
| | - Stefan Schlatt
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Münster, Germany
| | - Peter N Schlegel
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hans-Christian Schuppe
- Section of Andrology, Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology & Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University/University Hospital of Giessen-Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rupin Shah
- Lilavati Hospital & Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Niels E Skakkebæk
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katja Teerds
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Igor Toskin
- WHO Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction—HRP), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Herman Tournaye
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Gerhard van der Horst
- Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
- Physiology Medical School, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Animal Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | - Christina Wang
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, CA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Alex Wetzels
- Fertility Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theodosia Zeginiadou
- Thessaloniki Andrology Laboratory—Hellenic Sperm Bank, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Armand Zini
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vasconcelos AL, Campbell MJ, Barratt CLR, Gellatly SA. Do studies published in two leading reproduction journals between 2011 and 2020 demonstrate that they followed WHO5 recommendations for basic semen analysis? Hum Reprod 2022; 37:2255-2263. [PMID: 35947767 PMCID: PMC9527455 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do publications that involve the interpretation of the results of a basic semen analysis, published in Human Reproduction and Fertility & Sterility between 2011 and 2020, give sufficient evidence in their methodology to demonstrate that they followed the technical methods recommended in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) laboratory manual, entitled WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen (WHO5)? SUMMARY ANSWER Evidence of methodological agreement of studies with the WHO5 recommendations was low, despite 70% of papers stating that they followed WHO5 recommendations. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY A basic semen analysis is currently an integral part of infertility investigations of the male, but method standardization in laboratories remains an issue. The different editions of the WHO manual for the basic semen analysis (WHO1-6) have attempted to address this by providing increasingly rigorous methodological protocols to reduce experimental error. However, to what extent these methods are followed by studies that involve the interpretation of the results of basic semen analysis remains unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A survey of the technical methods used to perform a basic semen analysis was conducted on studies published in two leading reproduction journals (Human Reproduction and Fertility & Sterility) between 2011 and 2020. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The literature search was performed on the electronic databases PUBMED and MEDLINE Ovid between January 2021 and March 2021. The MeSH terms included in the search were 'sperm concentration' OR 'sperm motility' OR 'sperm morphology' OR 'sperm vitality' OR 'male fertility' AND 'human spermatozoa' NOT 'animals'. A total of 122 studies were available for analysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In total, 70% of the studies cited WHO5 in their methods section. Of the remaining studies, 10% cited the fourth edition of the WHO laboratory manual (WHO4), 7% cited both WHO4 and WHO5, 1% cited the third edition of the WHO laboratory manual (WHO3), and 12% did not cite the WHO at all. Overall methodological agreement with WHO5 recommendations was poor, with the main reason for this lack of agreement being that the research studies did not disclose specific details of the technical methods and equipment used. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION In the case of studies that did not disclose any specific technical methods that they used, we did not attempt to contact these authors and so were unable to confirm the agreement between their technical methods and WHO5 recommendations. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our findings suggest there is an urgent need to develop strategies to address standardization in reporting the results of a semen analysis for publication. This is particularly timely given the recent publication of WHO6 and ISO standard 23162 for the basic examination of human semen. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) There was no funding for this project. C.L.R.B., as an employee of the University of Dundee, serves on the Scientific Advisory board of ExSeed Health (from October 2021, financial compensation to the University of Dundee) and is a scientific consultant for Exscientia (from September 2021, financial compensation to the University of Dundee). C.L.R.B. has previously received a fee from Cooper Surgical for lectures on scientific research methods outside the submitted work (2020) and Ferring for a lecture on male reproductive health (2021). C.L.R.B. is Editor for RBMO. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Vasconcelos
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - M J Campbell
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - C L R Barratt
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - S A Gellatly
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sperm as a Carrier of Genome Instability in Relation to Paternal Lifestyle and Nutritional Conditions. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153155. [PMID: 35956329 PMCID: PMC9370520 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous and exogenous factors can severely affect the integrity of genetic information by inducing DNA damage and impairing genome stability. The extent to which men with and without subfertility are exposed to several adverse lifestyle factors and the impact on sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), sperm chromatin maturity (condensation and decondensation), stability (hypo- and hypercondensation) and sperm aneuploidy are assessed in this study. Standardized assays employing flow cytometry were used to detect genome instability in 556 samples. Semen parameters deteriorated with age, BMI, increased physical activity and smoking. Age and BMI were associated with increased SDF. Increased BMI was associated with increased hypocondensed chromatin and decreased decondensed chromatin. Increase in age also caused an increase in sex chromosome aneuploidy in sperms. Surprisingly, alcohol abuse reduced chromatin hypercondensation and drug abuse reduced SDF. Although genome instability was more pronounced in the subfertile population as compared to the fertile group, the proportion of men with at least one lifestyle risk factor was the same in both the fertile and subfertile groups. While one in three benefited from nutritional supplementation, one in five showed an increase in SDF after supplementation. Whilst the message of ‘no smoking, no alcohol, no drugs, but a healthy diet’ should be offered as good health advice, we are a long way from concluding that nutritional supplementation would be beneficial for male fertility.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang QL, Jiang SH, Ma CJ, Zhong KX, Zhuang JM, Lin DL, Huang PY, Ye GF, Jiang M, Zhu WB, Zhang ZM, Zhang XZ. Evaluating an external quality assurance program for semen analysis in China during 2009-2020. Andrology 2022; 10:1143-1149. [PMID: 35701862 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Semen analysis (SA) plays a key role in guiding treatments of male reproductive diseases and infertility due to male factors; however, it remains challenging to conduct an accurate SA due to lack of standardization, highly subjective assessments, and problems with automated procedures. Therefore, quality assurance (QA) and teaching courses are essential for making the laboratory results more consistent. MATERIALS AND METHODS The external quality assurance (EQA) scheme was organized by national human sperm bank technology training bases in Guangdong province in China between 2009 and 2020. Until 2020, 124 laboratories from China participated in the EQA program. The EQA scheme per year has been organized involving two semen aliquots for sperm concentration, two video recordings for motility, and two smears for sperm morphology. All samples used in the EQA scheme were obtained from different healthy donors or patients. RESULTS We estimated that the median coefficient of variation (CV) of sperm concentration, ignoring the method used, was 26.6%. Using a 100 µm deep counting chamber led to a decreasing CV of 13.6%. For sperm motility, the median CV of nonprogressive motility was high (50.8%), but the CV of progressive motility (13.2%), immotile sperm (14.3%), and total motility (11.8%) were acceptable. The morphology assessment revealed large variability (44.4%) irrespective of the classification criteria. DISCUSSION The reduction of interlaboratory variability is still a challenge during SA in China. Therefore, it is critical to increase awareness of joining EQA schemes and establish standardized training centers to follow WHO-recommended procedures toward Chinese standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Ling Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Hua Jiang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chun-Jie Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai-Xin Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ming Zhuang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Dian-Liang Lin
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peng-Yu Huang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gui-Fang Ye
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Bing Zhu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng-Mian Zhang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin-Zong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Efrat M, Stein A, Pinkas H, Unger R, Birk R. Sugar Consumption Is Negatively Associated with Semen Quality. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:3000-3006. [PMID: 35606632 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recently, in parallel to decrease in semen quality, the consumption of sugar has risen sharply. This provided the rationale to study the association between whole dietary sugar consumption and semen quality. Our aim was to investigate the association between sugar consumption and semen quality. The final cross-sectional study population (n = 280 of initial n = 593, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria) attending routine semen analysis at sperm bank laboratory was subject to semen quality analysis according to WHO criteria (volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, percentage total motility, and percentage normal morphology) and filled food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and lifestyle questionnaire. Associations between consumed sugars and semen quality were analyzed using multivariate regression adjusted to relevant cofounders for 2 food components containing sugar including soft drinks (SoftD) and total added sugar to food products (SugProd). We found negative association between higher consumption of dietary sugar in all 2 dietary sub-categories and sperm concentration. Significant sperm concentration decrements of 18% and 23% were associated with SoftD median consumption of 0.2 drinks/day (IQR; 0.1-0.5 drinks/day). Significant sperm concentration decrements of 15% and 17% were associated with median SugProd consumption of 25 teaspoons of added sugar/day (IQR; 19-31 teaspoons of added sugar/day). In conclusion, our study findings demonstrate that sugar consumption is negatively associated with sperm concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Efrat
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel.,The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Anat Stein
- Sperm Bank and Male Infertility Clinic, Belinson Hospital, Petah-Tiqva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Haim Pinkas
- Sperm Bank and Male Infertility Clinic, Belinson Hospital, Petah-Tiqva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ron Unger
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Ruth Birk
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang C, Mbizvo M, Festin MP, Björndahl L, Toskin I. Evolution of the WHO "Semen" processing manual from the first (1980) to the sixth edition (2021). Fertil Steril 2022; 117:237-245. [PMID: 34996596 PMCID: PMC8842884 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As stated clearly in all editions of the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, the goal of the manual is to meet the growing needs for the standardization of semen analysis procedures. With constant advances in andrology and reproductive medicine and the advent of sophisticated assisted reproductive technologies for the treatment of infertility, the manual has been continuously updated to meet the need for new, evidence-based, validated tests to not only measure semen and sperm variables but also to provide a functional assessment of spermatozoa. The sixth edition of the WHO manual, launched in 2021, can be freely downloaded from the WHO website, with the hope of gaining wide acceptance and utilization as the essential source of the latest, evidence-based information for laboratory procedures required for the assessment of male reproductive function and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Wang
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California.
| | - Michael Mbizvo
- Reproductive Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe and Country Director/Senior Associate, Population Council, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Mario P Festin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Lars Björndahl
- ANOVA, Clinic for Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Toskin
- Other Editorial Board Members and Contributors of the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, 6th edition
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Barratt CLR, Wang C, Baldi E, Toskin I, Kiarie J, Lamb DJ. What advances may the future bring to the diagnosis, treatment, and care of male sexual and reproductive health? Fertil Steril 2022; 117:258-267. [PMID: 35125173 PMCID: PMC8877074 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 40 years, since the publication of the original WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, the laboratory methods used to evaluate semen markedly changed and benefited from improved precision and accuracy, as well as the development of new tests and improved, standardized methodologies. Herein, we present the impact of the changes put forth in the sixth edition together with our views of evolving technologies that may change the methods used for the routine semen analysis, up-and-coming areas for the development of new procedures, and diagnostic approaches that will help to extend the often-descriptive interpretations of several commonly performed semen tests that promise to provide etiologies for the abnormal semen parameters observed. As we look toward the publication of the seventh edition of the manual in approximately 10 years, we describe potential advances that could markedly impact the field of andrology in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L R Barratt
- Division of Systems Medicine, University of Dundee Medical School, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland.
| | - Christina Wang
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Elisabetta Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Igor Toskin
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - James Kiarie
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dolores J Lamb
- The James Buchanan Brady Foundation Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Genomics and Englander Institute for Personalized Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Z, Liu W, Zhang M, Wang M, Wu H, Lu M. Effect of Hepatitis B Virus Infection on Sperm Quality and Outcomes of Assisted Reproductive Techniques in Infertile Males. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:744350. [PMID: 34796185 PMCID: PMC8592897 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.744350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the health problems and has adverse effects on public health. However, the consequences of male HBV carriers for assisted reproductive techniques (ART) remain unclear. Objective: To examine whether men with HBV would impact sperm quality and the intrauterine insemination (IUI)/ in vitro fertilization (IVF)/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 681 infertile couples for IUI/IVF/ICSI fresh cycle outcomes. Case group was 176 infertile couples with male HBV infection undergoing embryo transfer in our center (99 for IVF and 77 for ICSI) and 51 infertile couples for IUI. Negative control was 454 non-infected infertility couples, matched for female age, BMI and infertility duration (102 for IUI and 198 for IVF and 154 for ICSI). Results: Sperm viability among infertile men with HBV infection was significantly lower than control group (74.1 ± 13.7 vs. 77.0 ± 12.8, P < 0.01). Sperm motility was significantly decreased in HBV positive men in comparison to the control group (32.5 ± 14.6 vs. 35.5 ± 12.9, P < 0.05). In IVF/ICSI cycles, two groups had similar results in two pronuclear (2PN) fertilization rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnant rate and abortion rate (P > 0.05). There was also no difference in the clinical pregnant rate and abortion rate in IUI cycles (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Men with HBV infection will affect their sperm quality, but not affect the outcomes of ART.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zichun Wang
- Department of Reproductive, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wanpeng Liu
- Department of Reproductive, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Reproductive, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Minglei Wang
- Department of Reproductive, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huaying Wu
- Department of Reproductive, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Meisong Lu
- Department of Reproductive, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Punjabi U, Van Mulders H, Van de Velde L, Goovaerts I, Peeters K, Cassauwers W, Lyubetska T, Clasen K, Janssens P, Zemtsova O, Roelant E, De Neubourg D. Time intervals between semen production, initiation of analysis, and IUI significantly influence clinical pregnancies and live births. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:421-428. [PMID: 33403503 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-02020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Does IDEF mapping help monitor the technical process of IUI and explore the potential improvements which might contribute to increased pregnancy and live birth rates? METHOD Retrospective analysis of 1729 homologous IUI cycles of couples attending a fertility clinic in a university hospital setting. Standardized conventional semen parameters were analyzed and the semen samples prepared via discontinuous density gradient centrifugation. RESULTS There was no significant association between sperm concentration, motility and morphology (analysis phase), and pregnancy outcome. Only female and male ages were significantly associated with the pregnancy outcome. There was a significant difference in the odds on clinical pregnancies and live births when analysis was ≤ 21 min initiated, and < 107 min between sample production and IUI, adjusted for male and female age. CONCLUSIONS Adjusting for the couple's age, we could show that time intervals between semen production and analysis and IUI when kept low significantly influenced clinical pregnancies and live births.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Punjabi
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium.
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - H Van Mulders
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - L Van de Velde
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - I Goovaerts
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - K Peeters
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - W Cassauwers
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - T Lyubetska
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - K Clasen
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - P Janssens
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - O Zemtsova
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - E Roelant
- Clinical Trial Center (CTC), CRC Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - D De Neubourg
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Aitken RJ, Barratt CLR. In Memoriam: Lynn R Fraser. Andrology 2020; 8:532-534. [PMID: 32447841 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
The current status and future of andrology: A consensus report from the Cairo workshop group. Andrology 2019; 8:27-52. [PMID: 31692249 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In attempting to formulate potential WHO guidelines for the diagnosis of male infertility, the Evidence Synthesis Group noted a paucity of high-quality data on which to base key recommendations. As a result, a number of authors suggested that key areas of research/evidence gaps should be identified, so that appropriate funding and policy actions could be undertaken to help address key questions. OBJECTIVES The overall objective of this Consensus workshop was to clarify current knowledge and deficits in clinical laboratory andrology, so that clear paths for future development could be navigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following a detailed literature review, each author, prior to the face-to-face meeting, prepared a summary of their topic and submitted a PowerPoint presentation. The topics covered were (a) Diagnostic testing in male fertility and infertility, (b) Male fertility/infertility in the modern world, (c) Clinical management of male infertility, and (d) The overuse of ICSI. At the meeting in Cairo on February 18, 2019, the evidence was presented and discussed and a series of consensus points agreed. RESULTS The paper presents a background and summary of the evidence relating to these four topics and addresses key points of significance. Following discussion of the evidence, a total of 36 consensus points were agreed. DISCUSSION The Discussion section presents areas where there was further debate and key areas that were highlighted during the day. CONCLUSION The consensus points provide clear statements of evidence gaps and/or potential future research areas/topics. Appropriate funding streams addressing these can be prioritized and consequently, in the short and medium term, answers provided. By using this strategic approach, andrology can make the rapid progress necessary to address key scientific, clinical, and societal challenges that face our discipline now and in the near future.
Collapse
|
17
|
Punjabi U, Peeters K, De Neubourg D. Sperm nuclear maturity and chromatin stability in subfertile patients: Density gradient centrifugation is fair but non-discriminative in selecting the right population. Reprod Biol 2019; 19:316-321. [PMID: 31744770 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple technologies exploring chromatin structure anomalies have been applied during the last decade to evaluate fertility disorders and to increase the predictive value of sperm analysis for procreation in vivo and in vitro. Our aim was to implement sperm nuclear maturity and nuclear chromatin stability as a functional test for male infertility diagnosis and to compare it with a fertile group. As semen processing is an integral part of assisted reproductive technologies the impact of density gradient centrifugation in selecting sperm based on nuclear maturity and stability was also analyzed. Flow cytometry combined with fluorescent dyes exhibiting affinity for DNA was implemented. Both nuclear parameters correlated significantly with semen parameters. The control fertile group had significantly higher mean condensed population and a significantly lower hypocondensed and hypercondensed fractions as compared to the subfertile study group. Density gradient centrifugation succeeded in selecting the condensed population in both the control and study groups, while reducing the hypocondensed percentage. The hypercondensed population which was ten-fold higher in the study group remained unchanged after selection, in both the control and the study groups. Sperm nuclear maturity and chromatin stability appears to be homogenous in the fertile sperm donors and heterogeneous in subfertile patients. Sperm preparation for assisted reproduction should aim to minimize the risk of abnormal spermatozoa being used for fertilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usha Punjabi
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Kris Peeters
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Diane De Neubourg
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Punjabi U, Van Mulders H, Goovaerts I, Peeters K, Roelant E, De Neubourg D. DNA fragmentation in concert with the simultaneous assessment of cell viability in a subfertile population: establishing thresholds of normality both before and after density gradient centrifugation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1413-1421. [PMID: 31089933 PMCID: PMC6642232 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01476-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE TUNEL assay is the most common, direct test for sperm chromatin integrity assessment. But, lack of standardized protocols makes interlaboratory comparisons impossible. Consequently, clinical thresholds to predict the chance of a clinical pregnancy also vary with the technique adopted. This prospective study was undertaken to assess the incidence of sperm DNA fragmentation in a subfertile population and to establish threshold values of normality as compared to a fertile cohort, both before and after density gradient centrifugation in the total and vital fractions. METHOD Men presenting at a university hospital setup for infertility treatment. DNA damage via TUNEL assay was validated on fresh semen samples, as conventional semen parameters, to reduce variability of results. RESULTS Total DNA fragmentation in the neat semen was significantly higher in the subfertile group, but the vital fraction was not significantly different between the two cohorts. After gradient centrifugation, DNA fragmentation increased significantly in the total fraction of the subfertile group but decreased significantly in the vital fraction. In the fertile cohort, there was a non-significant increase in total fragmentation and in the vital fraction the trend was unclear. CONCLUSIONS Estimating total and vital sperm DNA fragmentation, after density gradient centrifugation, increased both the sensitivity and the specificity, thereby lowering the number of false negatives and false positives encountered. These findings provide opportunities to investigate the significance of the total and the vital fractions after different assisted reproductive technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Punjabi
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium.
- University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - H Van Mulders
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - I Goovaerts
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - K Peeters
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - E Roelant
- Clinical Trial Center (CTC), CRC Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - D De Neubourg
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Punjabi U, Van Mulders H, Goovaerts I, Peeters K, Clasen K, Janssens P, Zemtsova O, De Neubourg D. Sperm DNA fragmentation in the total and vital fractions before and after density gradient centrifugation: Significance in male fertility diagnosis. Clin Biochem 2018; 62:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
20
|
Yeste M, Bonet S, Rodríguez-Gil JE, Rivera Del Álamo MM. Evaluation of sperm motility with CASA-Mot: which factors may influence our measurements? Reprod Fertil Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/rd17475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) is now routinely used in IVF clinics, animal breeding centres and research laboratories. Although CASA provides a more objective way to evaluate sperm parameters, a significant number of factors can affect these measurements. This paper classifies these factors into four categories: (1) sample and slide (e.g. preincubation time, type of specimen and type of chamber slide); (2) microscope (e.g. light source and microscope stage); (3) hardware and software, including the settings of each system; and (4) user-related factors. We review the effects of the different factors in each category on the measurements made and emphasise the need to take measures to standardise evaluations. The take-home message of the present article is that there are several commercial and useful CASA systems, and all are appropriate for routine analysis. Non-commercial systems may also be good choices when the user needs to adapt the device to specific experimental conditions. In both cases (commercial and non-commercial), it is important that standard protocols are put in place for evaluation, as well as methods to validate the system.
Collapse
|
21
|
Egeberg Palme DL, Johannsen TH, Petersen JH, Skakkebæk NE, Juul A, Jørgensen N, Almstrup K. Validation of image cytometry for sperm concentration measurement: Comparison with manual counting of 4010 human semen samples. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 468:114-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
Punjabi U, Wyns C, Mahmoud A, Vernelen K, China B, Verheyen G. Fifteen years of Belgian experience with external quality assessment of semen analysis. Andrology 2016; 4:1084-1093. [PMID: 27410398 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Punjabi
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine; Antwerp University Hospital; Edegem Belgium
| | - C. Wyns
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc; Brussels Belgium
| | - A. Mahmoud
- University Hospital of Ghent; Ghent Belgium
| | - K. Vernelen
- Scientific Institute of Public Health; Brussels Belgium
| | - B. China
- Scientific Institute of Public Health; Brussels Belgium
| | - G. Verheyen
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine; UZ Brussel; Brussels Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Björndahl L, Barratt CLR, Mortimer D, Jouannet P. 'How to count sperm properly': checklist for acceptability of studies based on human semen analysis. Hum Reprod 2015; 31:227-32. [PMID: 26682580 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can a tool be developed for authors, reviewers and editors of the ESHRE Journals to improve the quality of published studies which rely on semen analysis data? SUMMARY ANSWER A basic checklist for authors, reviewers and editors has been developed and is presented. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Laboratory work which includes semen analysis is burdened by a lack of standardization. This has significant negative effects on the quality of scientific and epidemiological studies, potential misclassification of patients and the potential to impair clinical treatments/diagnoses that rely on accurate semen quality information. Robust methods are available to reduce laboratory error in semen analysis, inducing adherence to World Health Organization techniques, participation in an external quality control scheme and appropriate training of laboratory personnel. However, journals have not had appropriate systems to assess if these methods have been used. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION After discussion at a series of Associate Editor Meetings of the ESHRE Journals the authors of the present text were asked to propose a tool for authors, reviewers and editors of the ESHRE Journals to ensure a high quality assessment of submitted manuscripts which rely on semen analysis data, including a detailed verification of the relevance and the quality of the methods used. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS N/A. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A basic checklist for authors, reviewers and editors is presented. The checklist contains key points which should be considered by authors when designing studies and which provides essential information for when the submitted manuscript is evaluated. For published articles the answers in the checklist are suitable to be available as supplementary data, which will also reduce the space necessary for technical details in the printed article. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Guidelines such as these should not be used uncritically. It is therefore important that submitting authors, in situations where their study does not comply with the basic requirements for semen analysis, not only explain all methodological deviations but also declare the level of uncertainty in their analyses and how it complies with, or might confound, the aims of the study. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The fundamental importance of appropriate and robust methodology to facilitate advances in scientific understanding and patient management and treatment, is now accepted as being paramount. Use of the semen analysis checklist should be part of this process, and when completed and signed by the corresponding author at the time of submitting a manuscript should result in greater transparency, and ultimately uniformity. It is hoped that this initiative will pave the way for wider adoption of the methodology/reporting by other biomedical, epidemiological and scientific journals, and ultimately become the standard of practice for papers reporting semen analysis results obtained in laboratory and clinical andrology. Systems to assist referees, authors and editors to present high quality findings should have a significant impact on the field of reproductive medicine. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS No funding was obtained for this work. The authors have no competing interests in relation to the present publication and checklist. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Björndahl
- Centre for Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge C2:94, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Harbottle S, Hughes CI, Cutting R, Roberts S, Brison D. Elective Single Embryo Transfer: an update to UK Best Practice Guidelines. HUM FERTIL 2015; 18:165-83. [DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2015.1083144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
25
|
Sultana T, Hou M, Stukenborg JB, Töhönen V, Inzunza J, Chagin AS, Sollerbrant K. Mice depleted of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor display normal spermatogenesis and an intact blood-testis barrier. Reproduction 2014; 147:875-83. [PMID: 24625359 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR (CAR)) is a cell adhesion molecule expressed mainly in epithelial cells. Numerous evidence indicate that CXADR has an important role in testis development and function of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in vitro. The role of CXADR in testis physiology in vivo has, however, not been addressed. We therefore constructed a conditional CXADR knockout (cKO) mouse model in which CXADR can be depleted at any chosen timepoint by the administration of tamoxifen. We report for the first time that testicular depletion of CXADR in adult and pubertal mice does not alter BTB permeability or germ cell migration across the BTB during spermatogenesis. Adult cKO mice display normal junctional ultra-structure and localization of the junctional proteins claudin-3, occludin, junction-associated molecule-A (JAM-A), and ZO1. The BTB was intact with no leakage of biotin and lanthanum tracers into the tubular lumen. Adult CXADR cKO mice were fertile with normal sperm parameters and litter size. Breeding experiments and genotyping of the pups demonstrated that CXADR-negative sperm could fertilize WT eggs. In addition, knocking down CXADR from postnatal day 9 (P9) does not affect testicular development and BTB formation. These cKO mice were analyzed at P49 and P90 and display an intact barrier and uncompromised fertility. We conclude that CXADR possesses no direct role in testicular physiology in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taranum Sultana
- Paediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthDepartment of Biosciences and NutritionNovumDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mi Hou
- Paediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthDepartment of Biosciences and NutritionNovumDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan-Bernd Stukenborg
- Paediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthDepartment of Biosciences and NutritionNovumDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Virpi Töhönen
- Paediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthDepartment of Biosciences and NutritionNovumDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jose Inzunza
- Paediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthDepartment of Biosciences and NutritionNovumDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei S Chagin
- Paediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthDepartment of Biosciences and NutritionNovumDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, SwedenPaediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthDepartment of Biosciences and NutritionNovumDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Sollerbrant
- Paediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthDepartment of Biosciences and NutritionNovumDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mortimer D, Barratt CLR, Björndahl L, de Jager C, Jequier AM, Muller CH. What should it take to describe a substance or product as 'sperm-safe'. Hum Reprod Update 2013; 19 Suppl 1:i1-45. [PMID: 23552271 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmt008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male reproductive potential continues to be adversely affected by many environmental, industrial and pharmaceutical toxins. Pre-emptive testing for reproductive toxicological (side-)effects remains limited, or even non-existent. Many products that come into direct contact with spermatozoa lack adequate testing for the absence of adverse effects, and numerous products that are intended for exposure to spermatozoa have only a general assumption of safety based on the absence of evidence of actual harm. Such assumptions can have unfortunate adverse impacts on at-risk individuals (e.g. couples who are trying to conceive), illustrating a clear need for appropriate up-front testing to establish actual 'sperm safety'. METHODS After compiling a list of general areas within the review's scope, relevant literature and other information was obtained from the authors' personal professional libraries and archives, and supplemented as necessary using PubMed and Google searches. Review by co-authors identified and eliminated errors of omission or bias. RESULTS This review provides an overview of the broad range of substances, materials and products that can affect male fertility, especially through sperm fertilizing ability, along with a discussion of practical methods and bioassays for their evaluation. It is concluded that products can only be claimed to be 'sperm-safe' after performing objective, properly designed experimental studies; extrapolation from supposed predicate products or other assumptions cannot be trusted. CONCLUSIONS We call for adopting the precautionary principle, especially when exposure to a product might affect not only a couple's fertility potential but also the health of resulting offspring and perhaps future generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Mortimer
- Oozoa Biomedical Inc., Caulfeild Village, West Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lewis SEM, John Aitken R, Conner SJ, Iuliis GD, Evenson DP, Henkel R, Giwercman A, Gharagozloo P. The impact of sperm DNA damage in assisted conception and beyond: recent advances in diagnosis and treatment. Reprod Biomed Online 2013; 27:325-37. [PMID: 23948450 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sperm DNA damage is a useful biomarker for male infertility diagnosis and prediction of assisted reproduction outcomes. It is associated with reduced fertilization rates, embryo quality and pregnancy rates, and higher rates of spontaneous miscarriage and childhood diseases. This review provides a synopsis of the most recent studies from each of the authors, all of whom have major track records in the field of sperm DNA damage in the clinical setting. It explores current laboratory tests and the accumulating body of knowledge concerning the relationship between sperm DNA damage and clinical outcomes. The paper proceeds to discuss the strengths, weaknesses and clinical applicability of current sperm DNA tests. Next, the biological significance of DNA damage in the male germ line is considered. Finally, as sperm DNA damage is often the result of oxidative stress in the male reproductive tract, the potential contribution of antioxidant therapy in the clinical management of this condition is discussed. DNA damage in human spermatozoa is an important attribute of semen quality. It should be part of the clinical work up and properly controlled trials addressing the effectiveness of antioxidant therapy should be undertaken as a matter of urgency. Sperm DNA damage is a useful biomarker for male infertility diagnosis and prediction of assisted reproduction outcomes. It is associated with reduced fertilization rates, embryo quality and pregnancy rates, and higher rates of spontaneous miscarriage and childhood diseases. With all of these fertility check points, it shows more promise than conventional semen parameters from a diagnostic perspective. Despite this, few infertility clinics use it routinely. This review provides a synopsis of the most recent studies from each of the authors, all of whom have major track records in the field of sperm DNA damage in the clinical setting. It explores current laboratory tests and the accumulating body of knowledge concerning the relationship between sperm DNA damage and clinical outcomes. The paper proceeds to discuss the strengths and weaknesses and clinical applicability of current sperm DNA fragmentation tests. Next, the biological significance of DNA damage in the male germ line is considered. Finally, as sperm DNA damage is often the result of increased oxidative stress in the male reproductive tract, the potential contribution of antioxidant therapy in the clinical management of this condition is discussed. As those working in this field of clinical research, we conclude that DNA damage in human spermatozoa is an important attribute of semen quality which should be carefully assessed in the clinical work up of infertile couples and that properly controlled trials addressing the effectiveness of antioxidant therapy should be undertaken as a matter of urgency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheena E M Lewis
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tomlinson MJ, Harbottle SJ, Woodward BJ, Lindsay KS. Association of biomedical andrologists - laboratory andrology guidelines for good practice version 3 - 2012. HUM FERTIL 2013; 15:156-73. [PMID: 23268724 DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2012.747888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
29
|
Egeberg DL, Kjaerulff S, Hansen C, Petersen JH, Glensbjerg M, Skakkebaek NE, Jørgensen N, Almstrup K. Image cytometer method for automated assessment of human spermatozoa concentration. Andrology 2013; 1:615-23. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00082.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. L. Egeberg
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | | | - C. Hansen
- Pig Research Centre; Danish Agriculture and Food Council; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - J. H. Petersen
- Institute of Public Health; Department of Biostatistics; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | | | - N. E. Skakkebaek
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - N. Jørgensen
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - K. Almstrup
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen; Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gallego V, Carneiro P, Mazzeo I, Vílchez M, Peñaranda D, Soler C, Pérez L, Asturiano J. Standardization of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) sperm motility evaluation by CASA software. Theriogenology 2013; 79:1034-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
31
|
Pacey AA. Are sperm counts declining? Or did we just change our spectacles? Asian J Androl 2013; 15:187-90. [PMID: 23353722 PMCID: PMC3739163 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2012.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allan A Pacey
- Department of Human Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2SF, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Filimberti E, Degl'Innocenti S, Borsotti M, Quercioli M, Piomboni P, Natali I, Fino MG, Caglieresi C, Criscuoli L, Gandini L, Biggeri A, Maggi M, Baldi E. High variability in results of semen analysis in andrology laboratories in Tuscany (Italy): the experience of an external quality control (EQC) programme. Andrology 2013; 1:401-7. [PMID: 23307477 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2012.00042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report the results of the first three trials of an external quality control (EQC) programme performed in 71 laboratories executing semen analysis in Tuscany Region (Italy). At the end of the second trial, participants were invited to attend a teaching course illustrating and inviting to adhere to procedures recommended by WHO (V edition). Results of the first three trials of the EQC documented a huge variability in the procedures and the results. The highest variability was found for morphology (CV above 80% for all the trials), followed by count (CV of about 60% for all the trials) and motility (CV below 30% for all the trials). When results of sperm count and morphology were divided according to the used method, mean CV values did not show significant differences. CV for morphology dropped significantly at the third trial for most methods, indicating the usefulness of the teaching course for morphology assessment. Conversely, no differences were observed after the course for motility and for most methods to evaluate count, although CV values were lower at the second and third trial for the laboratories using the Burker cytometer. When results were divided according to tertiles of activity, the lowest mean bias values (difference between each laboratory result and the median value of the results) for count and morphology were observed for laboratories in the third tertile (performing over 200 semen analysis/year). Of interest, mean bias values for concentration dropped significantly at the third trial for low activity laboratories. In conclusion, lack of agreement of results of semen analysis in Tuscany is mainly because of the activity and the experience of the laboratory. Our study points out the importance of participating in EQC programmes and periodical teaching courses as well as the use of WHO recommended standardized procedures to increase precision and to allow the use of WHO reference values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Filimberti
- Department of Clinical Physiopathology, Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Björndahl L, Tomlinson M, Barratt CLR. Raising Standards in Semen Analysis: Professional and Personal Responsibility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 25:862-3. [PMID: 15477354 DOI: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.2004.tb03152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Björndahl
- Assisted Conception Unit, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Metchley Park Road, Birmingham B15 2TG, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Progressive motility is a vital functional characteristic of ejaculated human spermatozoa that governs their ability to penetrate into, and migrate through, both cervical mucus and the oocyte vestments, and ultimately fertilize the oocyte. A detailed protocol, based on traditional manual/visual methods, is provided for performing an accurate four-category differential count including the reliable identification of rapid progressive (grade "a") spermatozoa-the most biologically, and hence clinically, important subpopulation. Thorough prior training and the use of a microscope fitted with a heated stage are both essential requirements for achieving accuracy and an acceptable uncertainty of measurement of no more than ±10%.
Collapse
|
35
|
Pacey AA. Assessment of male factor. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2012; 26:739-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
36
|
Sanchez-Pozo MC, Mendiola J, Serrano M, Mozas J, Bjorndahl L, Menkveld R, Lewis SEM, Mortimer D, Jorgensen N, Barratt CLR, Fernandez MF, Castilla JA. Proposal of guidelines for the appraisal of SEMen QUAlity studies (SEMQUA). Hum Reprod 2012; 28:10-21. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
|
37
|
Toft G, Jönsson B, Lindh C, Giwercman A, Spano M, Heederik D, Lenters V, Vermeulen R, Rylander L, Pedersen H, Ludwicki J, Zviezdai V, Bonde J. Exposure to perfluorinated compounds and human semen quality in arctic and European populations. Hum Reprod 2012; 27:2532-40. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
38
|
Franken DR, Oehninger S. Semen analysis and sperm function testing. Asian J Androl 2011; 14:6-13. [PMID: 22179512 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2011.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite controversy regarding the clinical value of semen analysis, male fertility investigation still relies on a standardized analysis of the semen parameters. This is especially true for infertility clinics in both developing and developed countries. Other optional tests or sophisticated technologies have not been widely applied. The current review addresses important changes in the analysis of semen as described in the new World Health Organization (WHO) manual for semen analysis. The most important change in the manual is the use of evidence-based publications as references to determine cutoff values for normality. Apart from the above mentioned changes, the initial evaluation and handling methods remain, in most instances, the same as in previous editions. Furthermore, the review evaluates the importance of quality control in andrology with emphasis on the evaluation of sperm morphology. WHO sperm morphology training programmes for Sub-Saharan countries were initiated at Tygerberg Hospital in 1995. The external quality control programme has ensured that the majority of participants have maintained their morphological reading skills acquired during initial training. This review reports on current sperm functional tests, such as the induced acrosome reaction, and sperm-zona pellucida binding assays, as well as the impact of sperm quality in terms of DNA integrity, and the relationship of sperm function tests to sperm morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Franken
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tygerberg Hospita, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zuvela E, Junk S, Moska N, Matson P. The use of latex beads in external quality assurance and internal quality control for routine semen analysis. Reprod Biol 2011; 11:264-75. [DOI: 10.1016/s1642-431x(12)60071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
40
|
Qiu Y, Wang LG, Jia YF, Yang DT, Zhang MH, Zhang YP, Zhang LH, Gai L. Effects of the crude extract of Polygala tenuifolia Willd on human sperm in vitro. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2011; 12:448-54. [PMID: 21634037 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1000347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to analyze sperm membrane changes and the spermicidal effect in treatment with the crude extract from Polygala tenuifolia Willd (PTW) in vitro. The root of PTW was extracted in distilled water. Normal human spermatozoa were used to assess the spermicidal activity (Sander-Cramer assay) of the extract from the PTW root. The hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test and the eosin Y (EY) staining were used to detect the integrity of sperm membrane and vitality. The sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test was performed to determine sperm DNA integrity. N-9 was used as a reference standard and semen added to physiological saline was used as the control. Semen samples were donated by 42 healthy fertile men. The crude extract from the root of PTW could immobilize and kill 100% spermatozoa within 20 s in vitro at the concentrations of 20.0 and 10.0 mg/ml; at the concentration of 5.0 mg/ml, spermatozoa were immobilized in (39.5±3.2) s. In the groups of the crude extract from the root of PTW and N-9 solution, the rate of the normal HOS (tails swollen) and the white head (unstained) was 0%, and the rate of the abnormal HOS (tails unswollen) and red head (stained) was 100%. Sperm DNA fragmentation showed no change in exposure to the crude extract from the root of PTW and N-9 solution. The sperm revival test did not show any spermatozoa that recovered their motilities. The rapid spermicidal activity of the crude extract from the root of PTW in vitro may occur by the disruption of the sperm membrane integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Improving Birth Outcome Technique, Shandong Provincial Institute of Science and Technology for Family Planning, Jinan 250002, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Barratt CLR, Bjorndahl L, Menkveld R, Mortimer D. ESHRE special interest group for andrology basic semen analysis course: a continued focus on accuracy, quality, efficiency and clinical relevance. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:3207-12. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
42
|
Reducing inter-observer variability in embryo evaluation by means of training courses. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011; 28:1129-33. [PMID: 21947757 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-011-9639-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the utility of a training session offered to junior embryologists, comparing the results obtained with those reported by a group of senior embryologists. METHODS The 62 junior embryologists participanting were asked to decide on the quality of the embryos and theg clinical decision to be taken. RESULTS The junior embryologists' success rate following the training course was significantly higher than before for embryo classification (48.4% ± 20.4 vs. 59.7% ±16.7) (p < 0.05) and for clinical decision (54.7% ± 19.6 vs. 68.7% ± 17.6) (p < 0.005). Comparison of the degree of agreement between the categories assigned by the junior embryologists and those assigned by consensus among the group of senior embryologists revealed kappa values of k = 0.32 before the course and of k = 0.54 after it. The comparison between pre- and post-training junior and senior embryologists also reflected an improvement in the kappa index for clinical decision, from k = 0.54 to k = 0.68. CONCLUSIONS Training courses are shown to be an effective tool for increasing the degree of agreement between junior and senior embryologists.
Collapse
|
43
|
Effect of method and clinician on stallion sperm morphology evaluation. Theriogenology 2011; 76:745-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
44
|
Standardization of computer-assisted semen analysis using an e-learning application. Theriogenology 2011; 76:448-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
45
|
Björndahl L. What is normal semen quality? On the use and abuse of reference limits for the interpretation of semen analysis results. HUM FERTIL 2011; 14:179-86. [DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2011.580823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
46
|
Vested A, Ramlau-Hansen CH, Bonde JP, Thulstrup AM, Kristensen SL, Toft G. A comparison of conventional and computer-assisted semen analysis (CRISMAS software) using samples from 166 young Danish men. Asian J Androl 2011; 13:453-8. [PMID: 21516117 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2011.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare assessments of sperm concentration and sperm motility analysed by conventional semen analysis with those obtained by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) (Copenhagen Rigshospitalet Image House Sperm Motility Analysis System (CRISMAS) 4.6 software) using semen samples from 166 young Danish men. The CRISMAS software identifies sperm concentration and classifies spermatozoa into three motility categories. To enable comparison of the two methods, the four motility stages obtained by conventional semen analysis were, based on their velocity classifications, divided into three stages, comparable to the three CRISMAS motility categories: rapidly progressive (A), slowly progressive (B) and non-progressive (C+D). Differences between the two methods were large for all investigated parameters (P < 0.001). CRISMAS overestimated sperm concentration and the proportion of rapidly progressive spermatozoa and, consequently, underestimated the percentages of slowly progressive and non-progressive spermatozoa, compared to the conventional method. To investigate whether results drifted according to time of semen analysis, results were pooled into quarters according to date of semen analysis. CRISMAS motility results appeared more stable over time compared to the conventional analysis; however, neither method showed any trends. Apparently, CRISMAS CASA results and results from the conventional method were not comparable with respect to sperm concentration and motility analysis. This needs to be accounted for in clinics using this software and in studies of determinants of these semen characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vested
- Danish Ramazzini Center, Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Barratt CLR, Mansell S, Beaton C, Tardif S, Oxenham SK. Diagnostic tools in male infertility-the question of sperm dysfunction. Asian J Androl 2011; 13:53-8. [PMID: 21102478 PMCID: PMC3739390 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2010.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 10/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm dysfunction is the single most common cause of infertility, yet what is remarkable is that, there is no drug a man can take or add to his spermatozoa in vitro to improve fertility. One reason for the lack of progress in this area is that our understanding of the cellular and molecular workings of the mature spermatazoon is limited. However, over the last few years there has been considerable progress in our knowledge base and in addressing new methods to diagnose sperm dysfunction. We review the current state of the field and provide insights for further development. We conclude that: (i) there is little to be gained from more studies identifying/categorizing various populations of men using a basic semen assessment, where an effort is required in making sure the analysis is performed in an appropriate high quality way; (ii) technological development is likely to bring the reality of sperm function testing closer to implementation into the clinical pathways. In doing this, these assays must be robust, cheap (or more appropriately termed cost effective), easy to use and clinically useful; and (iii) clinical necessity, e.g., the need to identify the highest quality spermatozoon for injection is driving basic research forward. This is an exciting time to be an andrologist and, likely, a fruitful one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L R Barratt
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Maternal and Child Health Science Laboratories, Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, Scotland, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Freour T, Delvigne A, Barrière P. L’exploration de l’homme du couple infécond. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 39:S45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/s0368-2315(10)70030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
49
|
Abstract
Accurate semen analysis is critical for decisions about patient care, as well as for studies addressing overall changes in semen quality, contraceptive efficacy and effects of toxicant exposure. The standardization of semen analysis is very difficult for many reasons, including the use of subjective techniques with no standards for comparison, poor technician training, problems with proficiency testing and a reluctance to change techniques. The World Health Organization (WHO) Semen handbook (2010) offers a vastly improved set of standardized procedures, all at a level of detail that will preclude most misinterpretations. However, there is a limit to what can be learned from words and pictures alone. A WHO-produced DVD that offers complete demonstrations of each technique along with quality assurance standards for motility, morphology and concentration assessments would enhance the effectiveness of the manual. However, neither the manual nor a DVD will help unless there is general acknowledgement of the critical need to standardize techniques and rigorously pursue quality control to ensure that laboratories actually perform techniques 'according to WHO' instead of merely reporting that they have done so. Unless improvements are made, patient results will continue to be compromised and comparison between studies and laboratories will have limited merit.
Collapse
|
50
|
Björndahl L. The usefulness and significance of assessing rapidly progressive spermatozoa. Asian J Androl 2010; 12:33-5. [PMID: 20111079 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2008.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It is possible and clinically relevant to distinguish between slow and rapid progressive spermatozoa in basic semen analysis. This is discussed in light of the different purposes of semen analysis for the subfertile couple and the male patient. The two groups of progressive spermatozoa should be distinguished to help ensure that pertinent information available in the semen sample is not neglected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Björndahl
- Centre for Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Clinic of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|